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Compared with the copper-mediated homocoupling reactions of terminal alkynes, the palladium-catalyzed homocoupling transformations are arguably more mild, efficient, and chemoselective. Moreover, the palladium-catalyzed homocoupling reactions of aliphatic alkynes as well as aromatic alkynes afford good to excellent yields, whereas low to moderate yields are often obtained when homocoupling of aliphatic alkynes were employed under the Hay reaction conditions. Reference 3a has reviewed the scope and limitations of both the copper-catalyzed homocoupling reactions and palladium-catalyzed homocoupling reactions in detail.
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