Risk factors for the acquisition of hepatitis C

Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica

Volumn 51, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 7-14

  Bergk, A ^a   Berg, T ^a   Neumann, U P ^a  

^a CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Hepatitis C; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLOOD COMPONENT; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSE; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; ADULT; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CHILD; COMMUNICABLE DISEASE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CROSS INFECTION; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; FEMALE; MALE; NEWBORN; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; REVIEW; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;

ADULT; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CHILD; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; CROSS INFECTION; DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL; FEMALE; HEPATITIS C; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, INFECTIOUS; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS;

EID: 19444366782     PISSN: 00264776     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Alvarez M, Oyonarte S, Rodriguez PM, Hernandez JM. Estimated risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections in Spain. Transfusion 2002;42:994-8.
2. Global surveillance and control of hepatitis C. Report of a WHO Consultation organized in collaboration with the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board, Antwerp, Belgium. J Viral Hepat 1999;6:35-47.
3. Yen T, Keeffe EB, Ahmed A. The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. J Clin Gastroenterol 2003; 36:47-53.
4. Wasley A, Alter MJ. Epidemiology of hepatitis C: geographic differences and temporal trends. Semin Liver Dis 2000;20:1-16.
5. Nordoy I, Schrumpf E, Elgjo K, Flesland O, Andersen GJ, Orjasaeter H et al. Liver disease in anti-hepatitis C virus-positive Norwegian blood donors. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994;29:77-81.
6. Balogun MA, Ramsay ME, Hesketh LM, Andrews N, Osborne KP, Gay NJ et al. The prevalence of hepatitis C in England and Wales. J Infect 2002;45:219-26.
7. Goldberg D, Anderson E. Hepatitis C: who is at risk and how do we identify them? J Viral Hepat 2004; 11 Suppl 1:12-8.
8. Afdhal NH. The natural history of hepatitis C. Semin Liver Dis 2004;24 Suppl 2:3-8.
9. Brillman JC, Crandall CS, Florence CS, Jacobs JL. Prevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis C in ED patients. Am J Emerg Med 2002;20:476-80.
10. Dodd RY, Notari EP, Stramer SL. Current prevalence and incidence of infectious disease markers and estimated window-period risk in the American Red Cross blood donor population. Transfusion 2002;42:975-9.
11. Kim WR. The burden of hepatitis C in the United States. Hepatology 2002;36(5 Suppl 1):S30-4.
12. Rhoads J. Natural history and epidemiology of hepatitis C. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2003;14(5 Suppl):18S-25S.
13. Zein NN. The epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis C virus infection. Cleve Clin J Med 2003;70 Suppl 4:S2-6.
14. Touzet S, Kraemer L, Colin C, Pradat P, Lanoir D, Bailly F et al. Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in seven European Union countries: a critical analysis of the literature. HENCORE Group. (Hepatitis C European Network for Co-operative Research). Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000;12:667-78.
15. Van Damme P, Thyssen A, Van Loock F. Epidemiology of hepatitis C in Belgium: present and future. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2002;65:78-9.
16. Dore GJ, Law M, MacDonald M, Kaldor JM. Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in Australia. J Clin Virol 2003;26:171-84.
17. Soni PN, Tait DR, Kenoyer DG, Fernandes-Costa F, Naicker S, Gopaul W et al. Hepatitis C virus antibodies among risk groups in a South African area endemic for hepatitis B virus. J Med Virol 1993;40:65-8.
18. Tucker TJ, Voigt M, Bird A, Robson S, Gibbs B, Kannemeyer J et al. Hepatitis C virus infection rate in volunteer blood donors from the Western Cape-comparison of screening tests and PCR. S Afr Med J 1997; 87:603-5.
19. Vardas E, Ross MH, Sharp G, McAnerney J, Sim J. Viral hepatitis in South African healthcare workers at increased risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne viruses. J Hosp Infect 2002;50:6-12.
20. Memon MI, Memon MA. Hepatitis C: an epidemiological review. J Viral Hepat 2002;9:84-100.
21. Barbosa AP, Martins RM, Teles SA, Silva SA, Oliveira JM, Yoshida CF. Prevalence of hepatitis C Virus infection among hemophiliacs in Central Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2002;97:643-4.
22. Brandao AB, Fuchs SC. Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in southern Brazil: a case-control study. BMC Gastroenterol 2002;2:18.
23. Alavian SM, Gholami B, Masarrat S. Hepatitis C risk factors in Iranian volunteer blood donors: a case-control study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002;17:1092-7.
24. Luksamijarulkul P, Thammata N, Sujirarat D, Tiloklurs M. Hepatitis C virus infection among Thai blood donors: antibody prevalence, risk factors and development of risk screening form. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2004;35:147-54.
25. Madhava V, Burgess C, Drucker E. Epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Infect Dis 2002;2:293-302.
26. Delwaide J, Bourgeois N, Colle I, Robaeys G. Risk factors for hepatitis C: past, present and future. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2002;65:87-9.
27. Wang CS, Chang TT, Yao WJ, Chou P. Comparison of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus prevalence and risk factors in a community-based study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002;66:389-93.
28. Medhat A, Shehata M, Magder LS, Mikhail N, bdel-Baki L, Nafeh M et al. Hepatitis c in a community in Upper Egypt: risk factors for infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002;66:633-8.
29. Mathei C, Buntinx F, Van DP. Seroprevalence of hepatitis C markers among intravenous drug users in western European countries: a systematic review. J Viral Hepat 2002;9:157-73.
30. Haley RW, Fischer RP. The tattooing paradox: are studies of acute hepatitis adequate to identify routes of transmission of subclinical hepatitis C infection? Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1095-8.
31. Quaglio GL, Lugoboni F, Pajusco B, Sarti M, Talamini G, Mezzelani P et al. Hepatitis C virus infection: prevalence, predictor variables and prevention opportunities among drug users in Italy. J Viral Hepat 2003;10:394-400.
32. Romanowski B, Preiksaitis J, Campbell P, Fenton J. Hepatitis C seroprevalence and risk behaviors in patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. Sex Transm Dis 2003;30:33-8.
33. Thaikruea L, Thongsawat S, Maneekarn N, Netski D, Thomas DL, Nelson KE. Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in northern Thailand. Transfusion 2004;44:1433-40.
34. Habib SE, Lovejoy FH, Aspin C. Hepatitis C prevalence and risk behavior of injecting drug users in Sydney: a continuing concern. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2001;32:823-34.
35. Hahn JA, Page-Shafer K, Lum PJ, Bourgois P, Stein E, Evans JL et al. Hepatitis C virus seroconversion among young injection drug users: relationships and risks. J Infect Dis 2002;186:1558-64.
36. Probability of receiving testing in a national lookback program: the English HCV experience. Transfusion 2002;42:1140-5.
37. Transfusion transmission of HCV infection before anti-HCV testing of blood donations in England: results of the national HCV lookback program. Transfusion 2002;42:1146-53.
38. Davoren A, Dillon AD, Power JP, Donnellan J, Quinn JM, Willis JW et al. Outcome of an optional HCV screening program for blood transfusion recipients in Ireland. Transfusion 2002;42:1501-6.
39. Carmo RA, Oliveira GC, Guimaraes MD, Oliveira MS, Lima AA, Buzek SC et al. Hepatitis C virus infection among Brazilian hemophiliacs: a virological, clinical and epidemiological study. Braz J Med Biol Res 2002;35:589-98.
40. Franchini M, Capra F, Tagliaferri A, Rossetti G, De GM, Rocca P et al. Update on chronic hepatitis C in hemophiliacs. Haematologica 2002;87:542-9.
41. Pillonel J, Laperche S, Saura C, Desenclos JC, Courouce AM. Trends in residual risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections in France between 1992 and 2000. Transfusion 2002;42:980-8.
42. Velati C, Romano L, Baruffi L, Pappalettera M, Carreri V, Zanetti AR. Residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HCV and HIV infections by antibody-screened blood in Italy. Transfusion 2002;42:989-93.
43. Sibal A, Mishra D, Arora M. Hepatitis C in childhood. J Indian Med Assoc 2002;100:95-8.
44. Jonas MM. Children with hepatitis C. Hepatology 2002;36(5 Suppl 1):S173-8.
45. Dal MG, D'Agaro P, Ansaldi F, Ciana G, Fertz C, Alberico S et al. Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus: rate of infection and assessment of viral load and IgM anti-HCV as risk factors. J Med Virol 2002;67:137-42.
46. Bosi I. Ancora G, Mantovani W, Miniero R, Verucchi G, Attard L et al. HLA DR13 and HCV vertical infection. Pediatr Res 2002;51:746-9.
47. Stolarz W, Mossor K, Kepa L, Warakomska I, Dziambor A, Oczko-Grzesik B. Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infections in children. Med Sci Monit 2001:7 Suppl 1:165-8.
48. Di SR, Stroffolini T, Ferraro D, Usticano A, Valenza LM, Montalbano L et al. Endemic hepatitis C virus infection in a Sicilian town: further evidence for iatrogenic transmission. J Med Virol 2002;67:339-44.
49. Montella M, Crispo A, Serraino D, Rezza G, Franceschi S. Is the spread of HCV in Southern Italy attributable to iatrogenic transmission through unsterile injections? Eur J Cancer Prev 2003;12:85-6.
50. Oldach D. Multidose jeopardy: HCV transmission risk and management of acute HCV in hospital settings. Hepatology 2002 Oct;36(4 Pt 1):1020-1.
51. Delarocque-Astagneau E, Baffoy N, Thiers V, Simon N, de Valk H, Laperche S et al. Outbreak of hepatitis C virus infection in a hemodialysis unit: potential transmission by the hemodialysis machine? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002;23:328-34.
52. Puttinger H, Vychytil A. Hepatitis B and C in peritoneal dialysis patients. Semin Nephrol 2002;22:351-60.
53. Bruguera M, Saiz JC, Franco S, Gimenez-Barcons M, Sanchez-Tapias JM, Fabregas S et al. Outbreak of nosocomial hepatitis C virus infection resolved by genetic analysis of HCV RNA. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:4363-6.
54. Spada E, Sagliocca L, Sourdis J, Garbuglia AR, Poggi V, De Fusco C et al. Use of the minimum spanning tree model for molecular epidemiological investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of hepatitis C virus infection. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:4230-6.
55. Desenclos JC, Bourdiol-Razes M, Rolin B, Garandeau P, Ducos J, Brechot C et al. Hepatitis C in a ward for cystic fibrosis and diabetic patients: possible transmission by spring-loaded finger-stick devices for self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2001;22:701-7.
56. Lagging LM, Aneman C, Nenonen N, Brandberg A, Grip L, Norkrans G et al. Nosocomial transmission of HCV in a cardiology ward during the window phase of infection: an epidemiological and molecular investigation. Scand J Infect Dis 2002;34:580-2.
57. Dumpis U, Kovalova Z, Jansons J, Cupane L, Sominskaya I, Michailova M et al. An outbreak of HBV and HCV infection in a paediatric oncology ward: epidemiological investigations and prevention of further spread. J Med Virol 2003;69:331-8.
58. Chlabicz S, Grzeszczuk A, Prokopowicz D. Medical procedures and the risk of iatrogenic hepatitis C infection: case-controlled study in north-eastern Poland. J Hosp Infect 2004;58:204-9.
59. Fong TL, Adkins RH, Govindarajan S, Post S, Waters RL. Prevalence of hepatitis C infection in a large urban hospital-based sample of individuals with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002;83:1620-3.
60. Silini E, Locasciulli A, Santoleri L, Gargantini L, Pinzello G, Montillo M et al. Hepatitis C virus infection in a hematology ward: evidence for nosocomial transmission and impact on hematologic disease outcome. Haematologica 2002;87:1200-8.
61. Akhtar S, Moatter T, Azam SI, Rahbar MH, Adil S. Prevalence and risk factors for intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C virus in Karachi, Pakistan. J Viral Hepat 2002;9:309-14.
62. Sood A, Midha V, Sood N, Awasthi G. Prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among family contacts of hepatitis C virus-infected patients. Indian J Gastroenterol 2002;21:185-7.
63. Mikhailov MI, Gomberg MA, Dolzhanskaya NA, Koubanova AA. Significance of sexual route of transmission of hepatitis B and C in Russia. Int J STD AIDS 2002;13 Suppl 2:9-11.
64. Saxton PJ, Hughes AJ, Robinson EM. Sexually transmitted diseases and hepatitis in a national sample of men who have sex with men in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2002 26:115:U106.
65. Neumayr G, Propst A, Schwaighofer H, Judmaier G, Vogel W. Lack of evidence for the heterosexual transmission of hepatitis C. QJM 1999;92:505-8.
66. Terrault NA. Sexual activity as a risk factor for hepatitis C. Hepatology 2002;36(5 Suppl 1):S99-105.