The St Ives mesothermal gold system, Western Australia - A case of golden aftershocks?

Journal of Structural Geology

Volumn 26, Issue 6-7, 2004, Pages 1109-1125

  Cox, S F ^a   Ruming, K ^b  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Faults and shear zones; Fluid flow; Mesothermal gold deposits; Stress transfer modelling; Structural controls

Indexed keywords

MESOTHERMAL GOLD SYSTEMS; STRIKE-SLIP TECTONICS;

FLOW OF FLUIDS; ORE DEPOSIT GEOLOGY; PRESSURE EFFECTS; SEISMOLOGY; STRESSES; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TECTONICS;

GOLD DEPOSITS;

FAULTING; FLUID FLOW; GOLD; HYDROTHERMAL DEPOSIT; SHEAR ZONE; STRUCTURAL CONTROL;

AUSTRALASIA; AUSTRALIA; WESTERN AUSTRALIA; YILGARN BLOCK;

EID: 1942530622     PISSN: 01918141     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsg.2003.11.025     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Aki K. Asperities, barriers, characteristic earthquakes and strong motion prediction Journal of Geophysical Research 89 1984 5867-5872
2. Beroza G.C. Zoback M.D. Mechanism diversity of the Loma Prieta aftershocks and mechanisms for mainshock-aftershock interaction Science 259 1993 210-213
3. Bosl W.J. Nur A. Aftershocks and pore fluid diffusion following the 1992 Landers earthquake Journal of Geophysical Research 107 2002 2366 ESE17-1-ESE17-9, DOI: 10.1029/2001JB000155
4. Boullier A.-M. Robert F. Palaeoseismic events recorded in Archaean gold-quartz vein networks, Val d'Or, Quebec, Canada Journal of Structural Geology 14 1992 162-177
5. Clark, M.E., Carmichael, M.D., Hodgson, C.J., Fu, M., 1989. Wall-rock alteration, Victory Gold Mine, Kambalda, Western Australia: Processes and P-T-XCO2 conditions of metasomatism. In: Keays, R.R., Ramsay, W.R.H., Groves, D.I. (Eds.), The Geology of Gold Deposits: The Perspective in 1988. Economic Geology Monograph 6, pp. 445-459.
6. Clout, J.M.F., Cleghorn, J.H., Eaton, P.C., 1990. Geology of the Kalgoorlie goldfield. In: Hughes, F.E. (Ed.), Geology of the Mineral Deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea.Australasian Institute of Mining - Metallurgy, Monograph Series, 14, pp. 411-431.
7. Cocco M. Rice J.R. Pore pressure and poroelasticity effects in Coulomb stress analysis of earthquake interactions Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(ESE 2 2002 1-17
8. Cox S.F. Faulting processes at high fluid pressures: An example of fault-valve behavior from the Waltie Gully Fault, Victoria, Australia Journal of Geophysical Research 100 1995 841-859
9. Cox, S.F., 1999. Deformational controls on the dynamics of fluid flow in mesothermal gold systems. In: McCaffrey, K.J.W., Lonergan, L., Wilkinson, J.J. (Eds.) Fractures, Fluid Flow and Mineralisation. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 155, pp. 123-140.
10. Cox S.F. Wall V.J. Etheridge M.A. Potter T.F. Deformational and metamorphic processes in the formation of mesothermal vein-hosted gold deposits-examples from the Lachlan fold belt in central Victoria, Australia Ore Geology Reviews 6 1991 391-423
11. Cox S.F. Knackstedt M.A. Braun J. Principles of structural control on permeability and fluid flow in hydrothermal systems Society of Economic Geologists Reviews 14 2001 1-24
12. Foster, R.P., 1989. Archaean gold mineralisation in Zimbabwe: Implications for metallogenesis and exploration. In: Keays, R.R., Ramsay, R.W.H., Groves, D.I. (Eds.), The Geology of Gold Deposits: The Perspective in 1988. Economic Geology Monograph 6, pp. 54-70.
13. Goldfarb R.J. Groves D.I. Gardoll S. Orogenic gold and geologic time: A global synthesis Ore Geology Reviews 18 2001 1-75
14. Groves, D.I., Barley, M.E., Ho, S.E., 1989. Nature, genesis and tectonic setting of mesothermal gold mineralisation in the Yilgarn block, Western Australia. In: Keays, R.R., Ramsay, R.W.H., Groves, D.I. (Eds.), The Geology of Gold Deposits: The Perspective in 1988. Economic Geology Monograph, 6, pp. 71-85.
15. Groves, D.I., Ridley, J.R., Bloem, E.M.J., Gebre-Meriam, M., Hagemann, S.G., Hronsky, J.M.A., Knight, J.T., McNaughton, N.J., Ojala, J., Vielreicher, R.M., McCuaig, T.C., Holyland, P.W., 1995. Lode-gold deposits of the Yilgarn Block: Products of late-Archaean crustal-scale overpressured hydrothermal systems. In: Coward, M.P., Ries, A.C. (Eds.), Early Precambrian Processes. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 95, pp. 155-172.
16. Harris R.A. Introduction to special section: Stress triggers, stress shadows and implications for seismic hazard Journal of Geophysical Research 103 1998 24347-24358
17. Harris R.A. Archuleta R.J. Day S.M. Fault steps and the dynamic rupture process: 2-D numerical simulations of a spontaneously propagating shear fracture Geophysical Research Letters 18 1991 893-896
18. Holyland P.W. Ojala V.J. Computer-aided structural targeting in mineral exploration: Two- and three-dimensional stress mapping Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 44 1997 421-432
19. Jaeger J.C. Cook N.G.W. Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics 3rd ed 1979 Chapman and Hall London
20. King G.C. Speculations on the geometry of the initiation and termination processes of earthquake rupture and its relation to morphology and geologic structure Pure and Applied Geophysics 124 1986 567-585
21. King G.C. Stein R.S. Lin J. Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 84 1994 935-953
22. Knopf, A., 1929. The Mother Lode System of California. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 157, 88pp.
23. McKeag S.A. Craw D. Contrasting fluids in gold-bearing quartz vein systems formed progressively in a rising metamorphic belt: Otago Schist, New Zealand Economic Geology 84 1989 22-33
24. Nguyen, T.P., 1997. Structural controls on gold mineralisation at the Revenge Mine and its tectonic setting in the Lake Lefroy area, Kambalda, Western Australia. PhD thesis, University of Western Australia.
25. Nguyen P.T. Cox S.F. Powell C.M.A. Harris L. Fault-valve behaviour in optimally-oriented shear zones at Revenge gold mine, Kambalda, Western Australia Journal of Structural Geology 20 1998 1625-1640
26. Nur A. Booker J.R. Aftershocks controlled by pore fluid flow? Science 175 1972 885-887
27. Okada Y. Internal deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half space Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 82 1992 1018-1040
28. Rice J.R. Cleary M.P. Some basic stress diffusion solutions for fluid-saturated elastic porous media with compressible constituents Reviews of Geophysics 14 1976 227-241
29. Robert F. Poulsen K.H. Vein formation and deformation in greenstone gold deposits Society of Economic Geologists Reviews 14 2001 111-155
30. Robert F. Boullier A.-M. Firdaous K. Gold-quartz veins in metamorphic terranes and their bearing on the role of fluids in faulting Journal of Geophysical Research 100 1995 12861-12881
31. Roberts, D.E., Elias, M., 1990. Gold deposits of the St Ives-Kambalda region. In: Hughes, F.E. (Ed.), Geology and Mineral Deposits of Australia and Papua-New Guinea. The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Melbourne. pp. 479-491.
32. Roberts R.G. Ore Deposit models #11, Archaean Lode Gold Deposits Geoscience Canada 14 1987 37-51
33. Sanderson, D.J., Zhang, X., 1999. Critical stress localization of flow associated with deformation of well fractured rock masses, with implications for mineral deposits. In: McCaffrey, K.J.W., Lonergan, L., Wilkinson, J.J. (Eds.) Fractures, Fluid Flow and Mineralisation. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 155, pp. 69-81.
34. Schwartz D.P. Coppersmith K.J. Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes Journal of Geophysical Research 89 1984 5681-5698
35. Segall P. Pollard D.D. Mechanics of discontinuous faults Journal of Geophysical Research 85 1980 4337-4350
36. Sibson R.H. A note on fault reactivation Journal of Structural Geology 7 1985 751-754
37. Sibson R.H. Earthquakes and lineament infrastructure Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London A317 1986 63-79
38. Sibson, R.H., 1990. Faulting and fluid flow. In: Nisbett, E. (Ed.), Short Course on Fluids in Tectonically Active Regimes in the Continental Crust. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Short Course Handbook 18, pp. 93-132.
39. Sibson R.H. Seismogenic framework for hydrothermal transport and ore deposition Society of Economic Geologists Reviews 14 2001 25-50
40. Sibson R.H. Robert F. Poulsen K.H. High-angle reverse faults, fluid pressure cycling, and mesothermal gold deposits Geology 16 1988 551-555
41. Stein R.S. The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence Nature 402 1999 605-609
42. Stein R.S. Barka A.A. Dieterich J.H. Progressive failure of the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering Geophysical Journal International 128 1997 594-604
43. Toda S. Stein R.S. Reasenberg P.A. Dieterich J.H. Yoshida A. Stress transferred by the 1995 Mw=6.9 Kobe, Japan, shock: effects of aftershocks and future earthquake probablilities Journal of Geophysical Research 103 1998 24543-24565
44. Wang H.F. Quasi-static poroelastic parameters in rock and their geophysical applications Pure and Applied Geophysics 141 1993 269-286
45. Watchorn R.B. Kambalda-St Ives gold deposits Berkman D.A. Mackenzie D.H. Geology of Australian and Papua-New Guinea Ore Deposits 1998 243-254 The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Melbourne
46. Wells D. Coppersmith K. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 84 1994 974-1002
47. Wesnousky S.G. Seismological and structural evolution of strike-slip faults Nature 335 1988 340-342
48. Yeats R.S. Sieh K. Allen C.R. The Geology of Earthquakes 1997 Oxford University Press New York