메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 207, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 1113-1125

Mechanisms and significance of reduced activity and responsiveness in resting frog tadpoles

Author keywords

Cement gland; GABA; Immobility; Tadpole; Tonic inhibition; Trigeminal; Xenopus

Indexed keywords

3 AMINO 2 (3 CARBOXYPROPYL) 6 (4 METHOXYPHENYL)PYRIDAZINIUM BROMIDE; 3 AMINOPROPYL(DIETHOXYMETHYL)PHOSPHINIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BICUCULLINE; BICUCULLINE METHIODIDE; DRUG DERIVATIVE; N(G) NITROARGININE METHYL ESTER; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUND; PYRIDAZINE DERIVATIVE;

EID: 1942508896     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.00866     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (17)

References (57)
  • 2
    • 0026810586 scopus 로고
    • The stopping response of Xenopus laevis embryos, behaviour, development and physiology
    • Boothby, K. M. and Roberts, A. (1992a). The stopping response of Xenopus laevis embryos, behaviour, development and physiology. J. Comp. Physiol. A 170, 171-180.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.170 , pp. 171-180
    • Boothby, K.M.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 3
    • 0026901269 scopus 로고
    • The stopping response of Xenopus laevis embryos, pharmacology and intracellular physiology of rhythmic spinal neurons and hindbrain neurons
    • Boothby, K. M. and Roberts, A. (1992b). The stopping response of Xenopus laevis embryos, pharmacology and intracellular physiology of rhythmic spinal neurons and hindbrain neurons. J. Exp. Biol. 169, 65-86.
    • (1992) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.169 , pp. 65-86
    • Boothby, K.M.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 5
    • 0027040105 scopus 로고
    • The influence of tadpole swimming behavior on predation by dragonfly nymphs
    • Chovanec, A. (1992). The influence of tadpole swimming behavior on predation by dragonfly nymphs. Amphibia-Reptilia 13, 341-349.
    • (1992) Amphibia-Reptilia , vol.13 , pp. 341-349
    • Chovanec, A.1
  • 6
    • 0021287359 scopus 로고
    • Sensory physiology, anatomy and immunohistochemistry of Rohon-Beard neurons in embryos of Xenopus laevis
    • Clarke, J. D., Hayes, B. P., Hunt, S. P. and Roberts, A. (1984). Sensory physiology, anatomy and immunohistochemistry of Rohon-Beard neurons in embryos of Xenopus laevis. J. Physiol. 348, 511-525.
    • (1984) J. Physiol. , vol.348 , pp. 511-525
    • Clarke, J.D.1    Hayes, B.P.2    Hunt, S.P.3    Roberts, A.4
  • 7
    • 0035746218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinated righting behaviour in locusts
    • Faisal, A. A. and Matheson, T. (2001). Coordinated righting behaviour in locusts. J. Exp. Biol. 204, 637-648.
    • (2001) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.204 , pp. 637-648
    • Faisal, A.A.1    Matheson, T.2
  • 8
    • 0001722730 scopus 로고
    • The pineal eye in Xenopus laevis embryos and larvae - A photoreceptor with a direct excitatory effect on behavior
    • Foster, R. G. and Roberts, A. (1982). The pineal eye in Xenopus laevis embryos and larvae - a photoreceptor with a direct excitatory effect on behavior. J. Comp. Physiol. A 145, 413-419.
    • (1982) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.145 , pp. 413-419
    • Foster, R.G.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 9
    • 0016291672 scopus 로고
    • Animal hypnosis, factual status of a fictional concept
    • Gallup, G. G. (1974). Animal hypnosis, factual status of a fictional concept. Psychol. Bull. 81, 836-853.
    • (1974) Psychol. Bull. , vol.81 , pp. 836-853
    • Gallup, G.G.1
  • 10
    • 0035085243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal midbrain modulation of tonic immobility in the toad Bufo paracnemis
    • Gargaglioni, L. H., Pereira, A. S. and Hoffmann, A. (2001 ). Basal midbrain modulation of tonic immobility in the toad Bufo paracnemis. Physiol. Behav. 72, 297-303.
    • (2001) Physiol. Behav. , vol.72 , pp. 297-303
    • Gargaglioni, L.H.1    Pereira, A.S.2    Hoffmann, A.3
  • 11
    • 0019442418 scopus 로고
    • Membrane potential, synaptic activity, and excitability of hindlimb motoneurons during wakefulness and sleep
    • Glenn, L. L. and Dement, W. C. (1981). Membrane potential, synaptic activity, and excitability of hindlimb motoneurons during wakefulness and sleep. J. Neurophysiol. 46, 839-854.
    • (1981) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.46 , pp. 839-854
    • Glenn, L.L.1    Dement, W.C.2
  • 12
    • 0001562263 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of locomotion in the leech (Hirudo medicinalis Ray)
    • Gray, J., Lissmann, H. W. and Pumphrey, R. J. (1938). The mechanism of locomotion in the leech (Hirudo medicinalis Ray). J. Exp. Biol. 15, 408-430.
    • (1938) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 408-430
    • Gray, J.1    Lissmann, H.W.2    Pumphrey, R.J.3
  • 13
    • 0028173168 scopus 로고
    • B) receptor antagonist CGP 35348 induces hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli in the rat
    • B) receptor antagonist CGP 35348 induces hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli in the rat. Neurosci. Lett. 182, 299-302.
    • (1994) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.182 , pp. 299-302
    • Hao, J.X.1    Xu, X.J.2    Weisenfeld-Hallin, Z.3
  • 14
    • 0020640606 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of two functional types of mechanoreceptive 'free' nerve-ending in the head skin of Xenopus embryos
    • Hayes, B. P. and Roberts, A. (1983). The anatomy of two functional types of mechanoreceptive 'free' nerve-ending in the head skin of Xenopus embryos. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 218, 61-76.
    • (1983) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.218 , pp. 61-76
    • Hayes, B.P.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 17
    • 0033490659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A possible pathway connecting the photosensitive pineal eye to the swimming central pattern generator in young Xenopus laevis tadpoles
    • Jamieson, D. and Roberts, A. (1999). A possible pathway connecting the photosensitive pineal eye to the swimming central pattern generator in young Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Brain Behav. Evol. 54, 323-337.
    • (1999) Brain Behav. Evol. , vol.54 , pp. 323-337
    • Jamieson, D.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 18
    • 0033948129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of young Xenopus laevis tadpoles to light dimming, possible roles for the pineal eye
    • Jamieson, D. and Roberts, A. (2000). Responses of young Xenopus laevis tadpoles to light dimming, possible roles for the pineal eye. J. Exp. Biol. 203, 1857-1867.
    • (2000) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.203 , pp. 1857-1867
    • Jamieson, D.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 19
    • 0020674814 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal correlates of sleep, wakefulness and arousal in a diurnal insect
    • Kaiser, W. and Steiner-Kaiser, J. (1983). Neuronal correlates of sleep, wakefulness and arousal in a diurnal insect. Nature 301, 707-709.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.301 , pp. 707-709
    • Kaiser, W.1    Steiner-Kaiser, J.2
  • 20
    • 0008611324 scopus 로고
    • Flight-inhibition on ground contact in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana - I. Contact receptors and a model for their central connections
    • Krämer, K. and Markl, H. (1978). Flight-inhibition on ground contact in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana - I. Contact receptors and a model for their central connections. J. Insect Physiol. 24, 577-586.
    • (1978) J. Insect Physiol. , vol.24 , pp. 577-586
    • Krämer, K.1    Markl, H.2
  • 21
    • 0016563677 scopus 로고
    • Extrinsic modulation of crayfish escape behaviour
    • Krasne, F. B. and Wine, J. J. (1975). Extrinsic modulation of crayfish escape behaviour. J. Exp. Biol. 63, 433-450.
    • (1975) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.63 , pp. 433-450
    • Krasne, F.B.1    Wine, J.J.2
  • 22
    • 0344689400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonic activity of trigeminal sensory neurons and reduced responsiveness during cement gland attachment in hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpoles
    • Lambert, T. D. and Roberts, A. (2000a). Tonic activity of trigeminal sensory neurons and reduced responsiveness during cement gland attachment in hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpoles. J. Physiol. 523P, 272P.
    • (2000) J. Physiol. , vol.523 P
    • Lambert, T.D.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 23
    • 1942431181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonic inhibitory effects of trigeminal mechanoreceptor activity during attachment by cement gland mucus in hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpoles
    • Lambert, T. D. and Roberts, A. (2000b). Tonic inhibitory effects of trigeminal mechanoreceptor activity during attachment by cement gland mucus in hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Eur. J. Neurosci. S12, 91.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.S12 , pp. 91
    • Lambert, T.D.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 24
    • 0024907163 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural responses to predators and predation risk in four species of larval anurans
    • Lawler, S. P. (1989). Behavioural responses to predators and predation risk in four species of larval anurans. Anim. Behav. 38, 1039-1047.
    • (1989) Anim. Behav. , vol.38 , pp. 1039-1047
    • Lawler, S.P.1
  • 25
    • 0037263707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuronal targets for GABAergic reticulospinal inhibition that stops swimming in hatchling frog tadpoles
    • Li, W.-C., Perrins, R., Walford, A. and Roberts, A. (2003). The neuronal targets for GABAergic reticulospinal inhibition that stops swimming in hatchling frog tadpoles. J. Comp. Physiol. 189, 29-37.
    • (2003) J. Comp. Physiol. , vol.189 , pp. 29-37
    • Li, W.-C.1    Perrins, R.2    Walford, A.3    Roberts, A.4
  • 26
    • 9044254529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of GABA receptor subtypes in inhibition of primate spinothalamic tract neurons, difference between spinal and periaqueductal gray inhibition
    • Lin, Q., Peng, Y. B. and Willis, W. D. (1996). Role of GABA receptor subtypes in inhibition of primate spinothalamic tract neurons, difference between spinal and periaqueductal gray inhibition. J. Neurophys. 75, 109-123.
    • (1996) J. Neurophys. , vol.75 , pp. 109-123
    • Lin, Q.1    Peng, Y.B.2    Willis, W.D.3
  • 27
    • 0037170755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of NADPH diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase reactivity in the brain of Xenopus laevis
    • Lopez, J. M. and Gonzalez, A. (2002). Ontogeny of NADPH diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase reactivity in the brain of Xenopus laevis. J. Comp. Neurol. 445, 59-77.
    • (2002) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.445 , pp. 59-77
    • Lopez, J.M.1    Gonzalez, A.2
  • 28
    • 0030753454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminergic modulation of glycine release in a spinal network controlling swimming in Xenopus laevis
    • McDearmid, J. R., Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, J. F. and Sillar, K. T. (1997). Aminergic modulation of glycine release in a spinal network controlling swimming in Xenopus laevis. J. Physiol. 503, 111-117.
    • (1997) J. Physiol. , vol.503 , pp. 111-117
    • McDearmid, J.R.1    Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, J.F.2    Sillar, K.T.3
  • 29
    • 0034144563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The distribution of NADPH-diaphorase-labelled interneurons and the role of nitric oxide in the swimming system of Xenopus laevis larvae
    • McLean, D. L. and Sillar, K. T. (2000a). The distribution of NADPH-diaphorase-labelled interneurons and the role of nitric oxide in the swimming system of Xenopus laevis larvae. J. Exp. Biol. 203, 705-713.
    • (2000) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.203 , pp. 705-713
    • McLean, D.L.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 30
    • 1942495476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitation of GABAergic inhibition by nitric oxide in the spinal cord of Xenopus laevis embryos
    • McLean, D. L. and Sillar, K. T. (2000b). Facilitation of GABAergic inhibition by nitric oxide in the spinal cord of Xenopus laevis embryos. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 26, 1996.
    • (2000) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.26 , pp. 1996
    • McLean, D.L.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 31
    • 0035959494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase reactivity in the developing central nervous system of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles
    • McLean, D. L. and Sillar, K. T. (2001). Spatiotemporal pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase reactivity in the developing central nervous system of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles. J. Comp. Neurol. 437, 350-362.
    • (2001) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.437 , pp. 350-362
    • McLean, D.L.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 32
    • 0037095691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide selectively tunes inhibitory synapses to modulate vertebrate locomotion
    • McLean, D. L. and Sillar, K. T. (2002). Nitric oxide selectively tunes inhibitory synapses to modulate vertebrate locomotion. J. Neurosci. 22, 4175-4184.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 4175-4184
    • McLean, D.L.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 33
    • 0030785650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the cholinergic system and periaqueductal gray matter in the modulation of tonic immobility in the guinea pig
    • Monassi, C. R., Hoffmann, A. and Menescal, D. (1997). Involvement of the cholinergic system and periaqueductal gray matter in the modulation of tonic immobility in the guinea pig. Physiol. Behav. 62, 53-59.
    • (1997) Physiol. Behav. , vol.62 , pp. 53-59
    • Monassi, C.R.1    Hoffmann, A.2    Menescal, D.3
  • 35
    • 0030445874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behaviorally significant immobile state of so called thanatosis in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer: Its characterization, sensory mechanism and function
    • Nishino, H. and Sakai, M. (1996). Behaviorally significant immobile state of so called thanatosis in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer: Its characterization, sensory mechanism and function. J. Comp. Physiol. A 179, 613-624.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.179 , pp. 613-624
    • Nishino, H.1    Sakai, M.2
  • 36
    • 0014109171 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal spike trains and stochastic point processes. I. The single spike train
    • Perkel, D. H., Gerstein, G. L. and Moore, G. P. (1967). Neuronal spike trains and stochastic point processes. I. The single spike train. Biophys. J. 7, 391-418.
    • (1967) Biophys. J. , vol.7 , pp. 391-418
    • Perkel, D.H.1    Gerstein, G.L.2    Moore, G.P.3
  • 37
    • 0028943554 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic contribution to excitation in a spinal locomotor central pattern generator in Xenopus embryos
    • Perrins, R. and Roberts, A. (1995). Cholinergic contribution to excitation in a spinal locomotor central pattern generator in Xenopus embryos. J. Neurophysiol. 73, 1013-1019.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.73 , pp. 1013-1019
    • Perrins, R.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 38
    • 0037095679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory activation and role of inhibitory reticulospinal neurons that stop swimming in hatchling frog tadpoles
    • Perrins, R., Walford, A. and Roberts, A. (2002). Sensory activation and role of inhibitory reticulospinal neurons that stop swimming in hatchling frog tadpoles. J. Neurosci. 22, 4229-4240.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 4229-4240
    • Perrins, R.1    Walford, A.2    Roberts, A.3
  • 39
    • 0007386373 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion, Flight
    • ed. M. Rockstein, London: Academic Press
    • Pringle, J. W. S. (1974). Locomotion, Flight. In The Physiology of the Insecta, vol. III (ed. M. Rockstein), pp. 433-476. London: Academic Press.
    • (1974) The Physiology of the Insecta , vol.3 , pp. 433-476
    • Pringle, J.W.S.1
  • 40
    • 0345120190 scopus 로고
    • The function and role of two types of mechanoreceptive 'free' nerve endings in the head skin of amphibian embryos
    • Roberts, A. (1980). The function and role of two types of mechanoreceptive 'free' nerve endings in the head skin of amphibian embryos. J. Comp. Physiol. A 135, 341-348.
    • (1980) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.135 , pp. 341-348
    • Roberts, A.1
  • 41
    • 0342740524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin sensory systems of amphibian embryos and young larvae
    • ed. H. Heatwole, Chipping Norton NSW Australia: Surrey Beatty and Sons
    • Roberts, A. (1997). Skin sensory systems of amphibian embryos and young larvae. In Amphibian Biology. Sensory Perception (ed. H. Heatwole), pp. 923-935. Chipping Norton NSW Australia: Surrey Beatty and Sons.
    • (1997) Amphibian Biology. Sensory Perception , pp. 923-935
    • Roberts, A.1
  • 42
    • 0016657530 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy, physiology and behavioural role of sensory nerve endings in the cement gland of embryonic Xenopus
    • Roberts, A. and Blight, A. R. (1975). Anatomy, physiology and behavioural role of sensory nerve endings in the cement gland of embryonic Xenopus. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 192, 111-127.
    • (1975) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.192 , pp. 111-127
    • Roberts, A.1    Blight, A.R.2
  • 43
    • 0033937921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple mechanisms organise orientation of escape swimming in embryos and hatchling tadpoles of Xenopus laevis
    • Roberts, A., Hill, N. A. and Hicks, R. (2000). Simple mechanisms organise orientation of escape swimming in embryos and hatchling tadpoles of Xenopus laevis. J. Exp. Biol. 203, 1869-1885.
    • (2000) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.203 , pp. 1869-1885
    • Roberts, A.1    Hill, N.A.2    Hicks, R.3
  • 44
    • 0025634295 scopus 로고
    • Characterization and function of spinal excitatory interneurons with commissural projections in Xenopus-laevis embryos
    • Roberts, A. and Sillar, K. T. (1990). Characterization and function of spinal excitatory interneurons with commissural projections in Xenopus-laevis embryos. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2, 1051-1062.
    • (1990) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.2 , pp. 1051-1062
    • Roberts, A.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 45
    • 0002892329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal networks controlling swimming in hatchling Xenopus tadpoles
    • ed. P. S. G. Stein, S. Grillner, A. I. Selverston and D. G. Stuart, Boston: MIT Press
    • Roberts, A., Soffe, S. R. and Perrins, R. (1997). Spinal networks controlling swimming in hatchling Xenopus tadpoles. In Neurons, Networks and Motor Behaviour (ed. P. S. G. Stein, S. Grillner, A. I. Selverston and D. G. Stuart), pp. 83-89. Boston: MIT Press.
    • (1997) Neurons, Networks and Motor Behaviour , pp. 83-89
    • Roberts, A.1    Soffe, S.R.2    Perrins, R.3
  • 46
    • 0033168372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the pharmacology of quaternary salts of bicuculline
    • Seutin, V. and Johnson, S. W. (1999). Recent advances in the pharmacology of quaternary salts of bicuculline. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 20, 268-270.
    • (1999) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 268-270
    • Seutin, V.1    Johnson, S.W.2
  • 47
    • 0028324177 scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic inhibition of primary afferent transmitter release by 5-hydroxytryptamine at a mechanosensory synapse in the vertebrate spinal cord
    • Sillar, K. T. and Simmers, A. J. (1994). Presynaptic inhibition of primary afferent transmitter release by 5-hydroxytryptamine at a mechanosensory synapse in the vertebrate spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 14, 2636-2647.
    • (1994) J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 2636-2647
    • Sillar, K.T.1    Simmers, A.J.2
  • 48
    • 0028155353 scopus 로고
    • Activity level and susceptibility of anuran larvae to predation
    • Skelly, D. K. (1994). Activity level and susceptibility of anuran larvae to predation. Anim. Behav. 47, 465-468.
    • (1994) Anim. Behav. , vol.47 , pp. 465-468
    • Skelly, D.K.1
  • 49
    • 0025662774 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and life historical responses of larval American toads to an odonate predator
    • Skelly, D. K. and Werner, E. E. (1990). Behavioral and life historical responses of larval American toads to an odonate predator. Ecology 71, 2313-2322.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 2313-2322
    • Skelly, D.K.1    Werner, E.E.2
  • 50
    • 0030870656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ currents in the primary sensory neurons of Xenopus larvae
    • 2+ currents in the primary sensory neurons of Xenopus larvae. J. Neurosci. 17, 6839-6849.
    • (1997) J. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 6839-6849
    • Sun, Q.Q.1    Dale, N.2
  • 51
    • 0027086824 scopus 로고
    • 24-h variation of vigilance in the cockroach Blaberus giganteus
    • Tobler, I. and Neuner-Jehle, M. (1992). 24-h variation of vigilance in the cockroach Blaberus giganteus. J. Sleep Res. 1, 231-239.
    • (1992) J. Sleep Res. , vol.1 , pp. 231-239
    • Tobler, I.1    Neuner-Jehle, M.2
  • 53
    • 0027380157 scopus 로고
    • Crayfish tonic inhibition, prolonged modulation of behavioral excitability by classical GABAergic inhibition
    • Vu, E. T. and Krasne, F. B. (1993). Crayfish tonic inhibition, prolonged modulation of behavioral excitability by classical GABAergic inhibition. J. Neurosci. 13, 4394-4402.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 4394-4402
    • Vu, E.T.1    Krasne, F.B.2
  • 54
    • 0027330272 scopus 로고
    • B receptors modulate glycinergic inhibition and spike threshold in Xenopus embryo spinal neurons
    • B receptors modulate glycinergic inhibition and spike threshold in Xenopus embryo spinal neurons. J. Physiol. 469, 275-290.
    • (1993) J. Physiol. , vol.469 , pp. 275-290
    • Wall, M.J.1    Dale, N.2
  • 55
    • 0028169617 scopus 로고
    • B receptors modulate an ω-conotoxin-sensitive calcium current that is required for synaptic transmission in the Xenopus embryo spinal cord
    • B receptors modulate an ω-conotoxin-sensitive calcium current that is required for synaptic transmission in the Xenopus embryo spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 14, 6248-6255.
    • (1994) J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 6248-6255
    • Wall, M.J.1    Dale, N.2
  • 56
    • 0032531073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal distribution of components of excitatory synaptic input to motoneurons during swimming in young Xenopus tadpoles: Experiments with antagonists
    • Zhao, F. Y., Wolf, E. and Roberts, A. (1998). Longitudinal distribution of components of excitatory synaptic input to motoneurons during swimming in young Xenopus tadpoles: experiments with antagonists. J. Physiol. 511, 887-901.
    • (1998) J. Physiol. , vol.511 , pp. 887-901
    • Zhao, F.Y.1    Wolf, E.2    Roberts, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.