메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 1 SPEC. ISS., 2003, Pages 303-324

Integrated human and ecological risk assessment: A case study of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans and wildlife

Author keywords

Humans; Integration; Persistent organic pollutants (POPs); Risk; Wildlife

Indexed keywords

CELLULAR ORGANISMS;

EID: 1942506395     PISSN: 10807039     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/727073292     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (94)
  • 1
    • 0029163167 scopus 로고
    • Aerobic and anaerobic PCB biodegradation in the environment
    • Abramowicz, DA. 1995. Aerobic and anaerobic PCB biodegradation in the environment. Environ Health Perspect 103(suppl 5):97-9:97-9
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect , vol.103 , Issue.5 SUPPL. , pp. 97-99
    • Abramowicz, D.A.1
  • 2
    • 0001223748 scopus 로고
    • Transfer of organochlorine residues from blubber through the circulatory system in milk in the lactating grey seal, Halichoerus grypus
    • Addison RF and Brodie PF. 1987. Transfer of organochlorine residues from blubber through the circulatory system in milk in the lactating grey seal, Halichoerus grypus. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 44:782-6
    • (1987) Can J Fish Aquat Sci , vol.44 , pp. 782-786
    • Addison, R.F.1    Brodie, P.F.2
  • 4
    • 0030942131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunoquantitation of cytochromes P450 1A and P450 2B and comparison with chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in archived polar bear liver samples
    • Bandiera SM, Torok SM, Letcher RJ et al. 1997. Immunoquantitation of cytochromes P450 1A and P450 2B and comparison with chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in archived polar bear liver samples. Chemosphere 34:1469-79
    • (1997) Chemosphere , vol.34 , pp. 1469-1479
    • Bandiera, S.M.1    Torok, S.M.2    Letcher, R.J.3
  • 5
    • 0028025046 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine effects of prenatal exposure to PCBs, dioxins, and other xenobiotics: Implications for policy and future research
    • Birnbaum L. 1994. Endocrine effects of prenatal exposure to PCBs, dioxins, and other xenobiotics: implications for policy and future research. Environ Health Perspect 102:676-9
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 676-679
    • Birnbaum, L.1
  • 6
    • 0029040540 scopus 로고
    • Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. V. Immunologic effects
    • Birnbaum L. 1995. Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. V. Immunologic effects. Environ Health Perspect Suppl 103:135-42
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect Suppl , vol.103 , pp. 135-142
    • Birnbaum, L.1
  • 7
    • 22644452518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TEFs: A practical approach to a real-world problem
    • Birnbaum L. 1999. TEFs: A practical approach to a real-world problem. HERA 5(1):13-24
    • (1999) HERA , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-24
    • Birnbaum, L.1
  • 8
    • 0018963417 scopus 로고
    • Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors 1016 and 1242): Effects on survival and reproduction in mink and ferrets
    • Bleavins MR, Aulerich RJ, and Ringer RK. 1980. Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors 1016 and 1242): effects on survival and reproduction in mink and ferrets. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 9:627-35
    • (1980) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 627-635
    • Bleavins, M.R.1    Aulerich, R.J.2    Ringer, R.K.3
  • 9
    • 0028180024 scopus 로고
    • A model for the bioaccumulation of chlorobiphenyl congeners in marine mammals
    • Boon JP, Oostingh I, Van der Meer J et al. 1994. A model for the bioaccumulation of chlorobiphenyl congeners in marine mammals. Eur J Pharmacol-Environ Toxic 270:237-51
    • (1994) Eur J Pharmacol-Environ Toxic , vol.270 , pp. 237-251
    • Boon, J.P.1    Oostingh, I.2    Van Der Meer, J.3
  • 10
    • 0030671084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration-dependent changes of PCB patterns in fish-eating mammals: Structural evidence for induction of cytochrome P450
    • Boon JP, Van der Meer J, Allchin CR et al. 1997. Concentration-dependent changes of PCB patterns in fish-eating mammals: Structural evidence for induction of cytochrome P450. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 33:298-311
    • (1997) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.33 , pp. 298-311
    • Boon, J.P.1    Van Der Meer, J.2    Allchin, C.R.3
  • 11
    • 0024469343 scopus 로고
    • Marked alterations in retinoid homeostasis of Sprague-Dawley rats induced by a single i.p. dose of 10 mu g/kg of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
    • Brouwer A, Håkansson H, Kukler A et al. 1989a. Marked alterations in retinoid homeostasis of Sprague-Dawley rats induced by a single i.p. dose of 10 mu g/kg of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicology 58:267-83
    • (1989) Toxicology , vol.58 , pp. 267-283
    • Brouwer, A.1    Håkansson, H.2    Kukler, A.3
  • 12
    • 0031983407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions of persistent environmental organohalogens with the thyroid hormone system: Mechanisms and possible consequences for animal and human health
    • Brouwer A, Morse DC, Lans MC et al. 1998. Interactions of persistent environmental organohalogens with the thyroid hormone system: mechanisms and possible consequences for animal and human health. Toxicol Ind Health 14:59-84
    • (1998) Toxicol Ind Health , vol.14 , pp. 59-84
    • Brouwer, A.1    Morse, D.C.2    Lans, M.C.3
  • 13
    • 0024308350 scopus 로고
    • Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated fish induces vitamin A and thyroid hormone deficiency in the common seal (Phoca vitulina)
    • Brouwer A, Reijnders PJH, and Koeman JH. 1989b. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated fish induces vitamin A and thyroid hormone deficiency in the common seal (Phoca vitulina). Aquat Toxicol 15:99-106
    • (1989) Aquat Toxicol , vol.15 , pp. 99-106
    • Brouwer, A.1    Reijnders, P.J.H.2    Koeman, J.H.3
  • 14
    • 0022885261 scopus 로고
    • Transthyretin (prealbumin) binding of PCBs, a model for the mechanism of interference with vitamin A and thyroid hormone metabolism
    • Brouwer A, Van den Berg KJ, Blaner WS et al. 1986. Transthyretin (prealbumin) binding of PCBs, a model for the mechanism of interference with vitamin A and thyroid hormone metabolism. Chlorinated Dioxins And Related Compounds 1985 15:1699-706
    • (1986) Chlorinated Dioxins And Related Compounds 1985 , vol.15 , pp. 1699-1706
    • Brouwer, A.1    Van Den Berg, K.J.2    Blaner, W.S.3
  • 16
    • 0029692377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological analysis of persistent organochlorine contaminants in cetaceans
    • Colborn T and Smolen MJ. 1996. Epidemiological analysis of persistent organochlorine contaminants in cetaceans. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 146:91-172
    • (1996) Rev Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.146 , pp. 91-172
    • Colborn, T.1    Smolen, M.J.2
  • 18
    • 0029027427 scopus 로고
    • Possible mechanisms of action of environmental contaminants on St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas)
    • De Guise S, Martineau D, Béland P et al. 1995. Possible mechanisms of action of environmental contaminants on St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas). Environ Health Perspect Suppl 103:73-7
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect Suppl , vol.103 , pp. 73-77
    • De Guise, S.1    Martineau, D.2    Béland, P.3
  • 19
    • 0028163768 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of immune function in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) feeding on fish from polluted waters
    • De Swart RL, Ross PS, Vedder LJ et al. 1994. Impairment of immune function in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) feeding on fish from polluted waters. Ambio 23:155-9
    • (1994) Ambio , vol.23 , pp. 155-159
    • De Swart, R.L.1    Ross, P.S.2    Vedder, L.J.3
  • 20
    • 0029778102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired immunity in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) exposed to bioaccumulated environmental contaminants: Review of a long-term study
    • De Swart RL, Ross PS, Vos JG et al. 1996. Impaired immunity in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) exposed to bioaccumulated environmental contaminants: review of a long-term study. Environ Health Perspect 104 (suppl. 4):823-8
    • (1996) Environ Health Perspect , vol.104 , Issue.4 SUPPL. , pp. 823-828
    • De Swart, R.L.1    Ross, P.S.2    Vos, J.G.3
  • 21
    • 0029681002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weighing contaminant risks and nutrient benefits of country food in Nunavik
    • Dewailly E, Ayotte P, Blanchet C et al. 1996. Weighing contaminant risks and nutrient benefits of country food in Nunavik. Arct Med Res 55:13-9
    • (1996) Arct Med Res , vol.55 , pp. 13-19
    • Dewailly, E.1    Ayotte, P.2    Blanchet, C.3
  • 22
    • 0034116445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to infections and immune status in Inuit infants exposed to organochlorines
    • Dewailly E, Ayotte P, Bruneau S et al. 2000. Susceptibility to infections and immune status in Inuit infants exposed to organochlorines. Environ Health Perspect 108:205-11
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , pp. 205-211
    • Dewailly, E.1    Ayotte, P.2    Bruneau, S.3
  • 23
    • 0027787428 scopus 로고
    • Inuit exposure to organochlorines through the aquatic food chain in Arctic Québec
    • Dewailly E, Ayotte P, Bruneau S et al. 1993a. Inuit exposure to organochlorines through the aquatic food chain in Arctic Québec. Environ Health Perspect 101:618-20
    • (1993) Environ Health Perspect , vol.101 , pp. 618-620
    • Dewailly, E.1    Ayotte, P.2    Bruneau, S.3
  • 24
    • 0027287859 scopus 로고
    • Health status at birth of Inuit newborn prenatally exposed to organochlorines
    • Dewailly E, Bruneau S, Ayotte P et al. 1993b. Health status at birth of Inuit newborn prenatally exposed to organochlorines. Chemosphere 27:359-66
    • (1993) Chemosphere , vol.27 , pp. 359-366
    • Dewailly, E.1    Bruneau, S.2    Ayotte, P.3
  • 25
    • 0024472531 scopus 로고
    • High levels of PCBs in breast milk of Inuit women from Arctic Québec
    • Dewailly E, Nantel A, Weber JP et al. 1989. High levels of PCBs in breast milk of Inuit women from Arctic Québec. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 43:641-6
    • (1989) Bull Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.43 , pp. 641-646
    • Dewailly, E.1    Nantel, A.2    Weber, J.P.3
  • 26
    • 0028196919 scopus 로고
    • Exposure of remote maritime populations to coplanar PCBs
    • Dewailly E, Ryan JJ, Laliberte C et al. 1994. Exposure of remote maritime populations to coplanar PCBs. Environ Health Perspect 102:205-9
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 205-209
    • Dewailly, E.1    Ryan, J.J.2    Laliberte, C.3
  • 28
    • 0028593565 scopus 로고
    • Nondestructive biomarkers in ecotoxicology
    • Fossi MC. 1994. Nondestructive biomarkers in ecotoxicology. Environ Health Perspect 102:-54
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 54
    • Fossi, M.C.1
  • 29
    • 0028801270 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effects in birds exposed to pesticides and industrial chemicals
    • Fry DM. 1995. Reproductive effects in birds exposed to pesticides and industrial chemicals. Environ Health Perspect 103:165-71
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect , vol.103 , pp. 165-171
    • Fry, D.M.1
  • 30
    • 0025823398 scopus 로고
    • Great Lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish-eating birds: Similarity to chick-edema disease
    • Gilbertson M, Kubiak T, Ludwig J et al. 1991. Great Lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish-eating birds: similarity to chick-edema disease. J Tox Environ Health 33:455-520
    • (1991) J Tox Environ Health , vol.33 , pp. 455-520
    • Gilbertson, M.1    Kubiak, T.2    Ludwig, J.3
  • 31
    • 0029740181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organochlorine-associated immunosuppression in prefledgling Caspian Terns and Herring gulls from the Great Lakes: An ecoepidemiological study
    • Grasman KA, Fox GA, Scanlon PF et al. 1996. Organochlorine-associated immunosuppression in prefledgling Caspian Terns and Herring gulls from the Great Lakes: An ecoepidemiological study. Environ Health Perspect Suppl 104:829-42
    • (1996) Environ Health Perspect Suppl , vol.104 , pp. 829-842
    • Grasman, K.A.1    Fox, G.A.2    Scanlon, P.F.3
  • 32
    • 0031737561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: A comparative perspective
    • Hahn ME. 1998. The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: A comparative perspective. Comp Biochem Physiol C 121:23-53
    • (1998) Comp Biochem Physiol C , vol.121 , pp. 23-53
    • Hahn, M.E.1
  • 33
    • 0027965046 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cytochrome P4501A1 in teleosts: Sustained induction of CYP1A1 mRNA, protein, and catalytic activity by 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzofuran in the marine fish Stenotomus chrysops
    • Hahn ME and Stegeman JJ. 1994. Regulation of cytochrome P4501A1 in teleosts: sustained induction of CYP1A1 mRNA, protein, and catalytic activity by 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzofuran in the marine fish Stenotomus chrysops. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 127:187-98
    • (1994) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.127 , pp. 187-198
    • Hahn, M.E.1    Stegeman, J.J.2
  • 34
    • 0000801659 scopus 로고
    • Effects of technical PCB preparations and fractions thereof on vitamin A levels in the mink (Mustela vison)
    • Hakansson H, Manzoor E, and Ahlborg UG. 1992. Effects of technical PCB preparations and fractions thereof on vitamin A levels in the mink (Mustela vison). Ambio 21:588-90
    • (1992) Ambio , vol.21 , pp. 588-590
    • Hakansson, H.1    Manzoor, E.2    Ahlborg, U.G.3
  • 35
    • 0024000509 scopus 로고
    • Octanol-water partition coefficients of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners
    • Hawker DW and Connell DW. 1988. Octanol-water partition coefficients of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Environmental Science and Technology 22:382-7
    • (1988) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.22 , pp. 382-387
    • Hawker, D.W.1    Connell, D.W.2
  • 36
    • 0017034137 scopus 로고
    • PCB levels correlated with pathological changes in seal uteri
    • Helle E, Olsson M, and Jensen S. 1976. PCB levels correlated with pathological changes in seal uteri. Ambio 5:261-3
    • (1976) Ambio , vol.5 , pp. 261-263
    • Helle, E.1    Olsson, M.2    Jensen, S.3
  • 37
    • 0024748356 scopus 로고
    • Long-term measurements of atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls in the vicinity of superfund dumps
    • Hermanson MH and Hites RA. 1989. Long-term measurements of atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls in the vicinity of superfund dumps. Environmental Science and Technology 23:1253-8
    • (1989) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.23 , pp. 1253-1258
    • Hermanson, M.H.1    Hites, R.A.2
  • 38
    • 0014411246 scopus 로고
    • Chlorinated hydrocarbons and eggshell changes in raptorial and fish-eating birds
    • Hickey JJ and Anderson DW. 1968. Chlorinated hydrocarbons and eggshell changes in raptorial and fish-eating birds. Science 162:271-3
    • (1968) Science , vol.162 , pp. 271-273
    • Hickey, J.J.1    Anderson, D.W.2
  • 39
    • 0032742582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime pharmacokinetic model for hydrophobic contaminants in marine mammals
    • Hickie BE, Mackay D, and de Koning J. 1999. Lifetime pharmacokinetic model for hydrophobic contaminants in marine mammals. Environ Toxicol Chem 18:2622-33
    • (1999) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.18 , pp. 2622-2633
    • Hickie, B.E.1    Mackay, D.2    De Koning, J.3
  • 40
    • 0030251182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric Deposition of Toxic Chemicals to the Great Lakes: A Review of Data through 1994
    • Hoff RM, Strachan WMJ, Sweet CW et al. 1996. Atmospheric Deposition of Toxic Chemicals to the Great Lakes: A Review of Data through 1994. Atmos Environ 30(20):3505-27
    • (1996) Atmos Environ , vol.30 , Issue.20 , pp. 3505-3527
    • Hoff, R.M.1    Strachan, W.M.J.2    Sweet, C.W.3
  • 41
    • 0028169814 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variations in air-water exchange of polychlorinated biphenyls in Lake Superior
    • Hornbuckle KC, Jeremiason JD, Sweet CW et al. 1994. Seasonal variations in air-water exchange of polychlorinated biphenyls in Lake Superior. Environmental Science and Technology 28:1491-501
    • (1994) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.28 , pp. 1491-1501
    • Hornbuckle, K.C.1    Jeremiason, J.D.2    Sweet, C.W.3
  • 42
    • 0027336232 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of persistent organochlorines in the oceanic air and surface seawater and the role of ocean on their global transport and fate
    • Iwata H, Tanabe S, Sakal N et al. 1993. Distribution of persistent organochlorines in the oceanic air and surface seawater and the role of ocean on their global transport and fate. Environmental Science and Technology 27:1080-98
    • (1993) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.27 , pp. 1080-1098
    • Iwata, H.1    Tanabe, S.2    Sakal, N.3
  • 43
    • 0242435873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual impairment in children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls in utero
    • Jacobson JL and Jacobson SW. 1996. Intellectual impairment in children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls in utero. N Engl J Med 335:783-9
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 783-789
    • Jacobson, J.L.1    Jacobson, S.W.2
  • 45
    • 0035172752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cDNA cloning and characterization of a high affinity Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in a cetacean, the beluga, Delphinapterus leucas
    • Jensen BA and Hahn ME. 2001. cDNA cloning and characterization of a high affinity Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in a cetacean, the beluga, Delphinapterus leucas. Toxicol Sci 64:41-56
    • (2001) Toxicol Sci , vol.64 , pp. 41-56
    • Jensen, B.A.1    Hahn, M.E.2
  • 46
    • 0028976821 scopus 로고
    • Chlorobiphenyls: Model compounds for metabolism in food chain organisms and their potential use as ecotoxicological stress indicators by application of the metabolic slope concept
    • Kannan N, Reusch TBH, Schulz-Bull DE et al. 1995. Chlorobiphenyls: Model compounds for metabolism in food chain organisms and their potential use as ecotoxicological stress indicators by application of the metabolic slope concept. Environmental Science and Technology 29:1851-9
    • (1995) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.29 , pp. 1851-1859
    • Kannan, N.1    Reusch, T.B.H.2    Schulz-Bull, D.E.3
  • 47
    • 0024468043 scopus 로고
    • Critical evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyl toxicity in terrestrial and marine mammals: Increasing impact of non-ortho and mono-ortho coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls from land to ocean
    • Kannan N, Tanabe S, Ono M et al. 1989. Critical evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyl toxicity in terrestrial and marine mammals: increasing impact of non-ortho and mono-ortho coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls from land to ocean. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 18:850-7
    • (1989) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.18 , pp. 850-857
    • Kannan, N.1    Tanabe, S.2    Ono, M.3
  • 48
    • 22844454369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity reference values for the toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls to aquatic mammals
    • Kannan K, Blankenship AL, Jones PD et al. 2000. Toxicity reference values for the toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls to aquatic mammals. HERA 6(1):181-201
    • (2000) HERA , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 181-201
    • Kannan, K.1    Blankenship, A.L.2    Jones, P.D.3
  • 49
    • 0026701642 scopus 로고
    • Ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) and porphyria induction in chicken embryo hepatocyte cultures- a new bioassay of PCB, PCDD, and related chemical contamination in wildlife
    • Kennedy SW, Lorenzen A, James CA et al. 1992. Ethoxyresorufin-o- deethylase (EROD) and porphyria induction in chicken embryo hepatocyte cultures- a new bioassay of PCB, PCDD, and related chemical contamination in wildlife. Chemosphere 25:193-7
    • (1992) Chemosphere , vol.25 , pp. 193-197
    • Kennedy, S.W.1    Lorenzen, A.2    James, C.A.3
  • 50
    • 0036223835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cDNA cloning and characterization of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor from the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina): A biomarker of dioxin susceptibility?
    • in press
    • Kim E-Y and Hahn ME. 2002. cDNA cloning and characterization of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor from the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina): a biomarker of dioxin susceptibility? Aquat Toxicol in press.
    • (2002) Aquat Toxicol
    • Kim, E.-Y.1    Hahn, M.E.2
  • 51
    • 0027984801 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid hormone status of pregnant women and their infants
    • Koopman-Esseboom C, Morse DC, Weisglas-Kuperus N et al. 1994. Effects of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid hormone status of pregnant women and their infants. Pediatr Res 36:468-73
    • (1994) Pediatr Res , vol.36 , pp. 468-473
    • Koopman-Esseboom, C.1    Morse, D.C.2    Weisglas-Kuperus, N.3
  • 52
    • 0029960929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of polychlorinated biphenyl/dioxin exposure and feeding type on infants' mental and psychomotor development
    • Koopman-Esseboom C, Weisglas-Kuperus N, De Ridder MA et al. 1996. Effects of polychlorinated biphenyl/dioxin exposure and feeding type on infants' mental and psychomotor development. Pediatrics 97:700-6
    • (1996) Pediatrics , vol.97 , pp. 700-706
    • Koopman-Esseboom, C.1    Weisglas-Kuperus, N.2    De Ridder, M.A.3
  • 53
    • 0028874686 scopus 로고
    • Arctic indigenous women consume greater than acceptable levels of organochlorines
    • Kuhnlein HV, Receveur O, Muir DCG et al. 1995. Arctic indigenous women consume greater than acceptable levels of organochlorines. J Nutr 125:2501-10
    • (1995) J Nutr , vol.125 , pp. 2501-2510
    • Kuhnlein, H.V.1    Receveur, O.2    Muir, D.C.G.3
  • 54
    • 0034014442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylsulfone polychlorinated biphenyl and 2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)-1,1- dichloroethylene metabolites in beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence river estuary and western Hudson Bay, Canada
    • Letcher RJ, Norstrom RJ, Muir DCG et al. 2000. Methylsulfone polychlorinated biphenyl and 2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene metabolites in beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence river estuary and western Hudson Bay, Canada. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(5):1378-88
    • (2000) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 1378-1388
    • Letcher, R.J.1    Norstrom, R.J.2    Muir, D.C.G.3
  • 55
    • 0003201971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contaminants in the Canadian Arctic: 5 Years of progress in understanding sources, occurrence and pathways
    • Macdonald RW, Barrie LA, Bidleman TF et al. 2000. Contaminants in the Canadian Arctic: 5 years of progress in understanding sources, occurrence and pathways. Sci Total Environ 254(2-3):93-234
    • (2000) Sci Total Environ , vol.254 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 93-234
    • Macdonald, R.W.1    Barrie, L.A.2    Bidleman, T.F.3
  • 56
    • 0024855718 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the long-term behavior of an organic contaminant in a large lake: Application to PCBs in Lake Ontario
    • Mackay D. 1989. Modeling the long-term behavior of an organic contaminant in a large lake: application to PCBs in Lake Ontario. J Great Lakes Res 15:283-97
    • (1989) J Great Lakes Res , vol.15 , pp. 283-297
    • Mackay, D.1
  • 57
    • 0029784927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in sex ratio with exposure to dioxin
    • Mocarelli P, Brambilla P, Gerthoux PM et al. 1996. Change in sex ratio with exposure to dioxin. Lancet 348:409
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 409
    • Mocarelli, P.1    Brambilla, P.2    Gerthoux, P.M.3
  • 58
    • 0033039872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal trends and effects of contaminants in the Canadian Arctic marine ecosystem: A review
    • Muir DCG, Braune B, DeMarch B et al. 1999. Spatial and temporal trends and effects of contaminants in the Canadian Arctic marine ecosystem: a review. Sci Total Environ 230:83-144
    • (1999) Sci Total Environ , vol.230 , pp. 83-144
    • Muir, D.C.G.1    Braune, B.2    DeMarch, B.3
  • 60
    • 26844556661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical-activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX): A novel in vitro bioassay for Ah receptor active compounds in sediments and pore water
    • Murk AJ, Legler J, Denison MS et al. 1996. Chemical-activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX): a novel in vitro bioassay for Ah receptor active compounds in sediments and pore water. Fundam Appl Toxicol 33:149-60
    • (1996) Fundam Appl Toxicol , vol.33 , pp. 149-160
    • Murk, A.J.1    Legler, J.2    Denison, M.S.3
  • 61
  • 62
    • 0029659553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feminization of male common tern embryos is not correlated with exposure to specific PCB congeners
    • Nisbet ICT, Fry DM, Hatch JJ et al. 1996. Feminization of male common tern embryos is not correlated with exposure to specific PCB congeners. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 57:895-901
    • (1996) Bull Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.57 , pp. 895-901
    • Nisbet, I.C.T.1    Fry, D.M.2    Hatch, J.J.3
  • 63
    • 0023993569 scopus 로고
    • Trophodynamic analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl congers and other chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Lake Ontario ecosystem
    • Oliver BG and Niimi AJ. 1988. Trophodynamic analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl congers and other chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Lake Ontario ecosystem. Environmental Science and Technology 22:388-97
    • (1988) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.22 , pp. 388-397
    • Oliver, B.G.1    Niimi, A.J.2
  • 64
    • 0033043326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins from infancy to adulthood: A comparison between breast-feeding, toddler, and long-term exposure
    • Patandin S, Dagnelie PC, Mulder P et al. 1999. Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins from infancy to adulthood: A comparison between breast-feeding, toddler, and long-term exposure. Environ Health Perspect 107:45-51
    • (1999) Environ Health Perspect , vol.107 , pp. 45-51
    • Patandin, S.1    Dagnelie, P.C.2    Mulder, P.3
  • 65
    • 0019231051 scopus 로고
    • Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in harbour seals from the Wadden Sea and their possible effects on reproduction
    • Reijnders PJH. 1980. Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in harbour seals from the Wadden Sea and their possible effects on reproduction. Neth J Sea Res 14:30-65
    • (1980) Neth J Sea Res , vol.14 , pp. 30-65
    • Reijnders, P.J.H.1
  • 66
    • 0022925905 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive failure in common seals feeding on fish from polluted coastal waters
    • Reijnders PJH. 1986. Reproductive failure in common seals feeding on fish from polluted coastal waters. Nature 324:456-7
    • (1986) Nature , vol.324 , pp. 456-457
    • Reijnders, P.J.H.1
  • 67
    • 22844453347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine mammals as sentinels in ecological risk assessment
    • Ross PS. 2000. Marine mammals as sentinels in ecological risk assessment. HERA 6:29-46
    • (2000) HERA , vol.6 , pp. 29-46
    • Ross, P.S.1
  • 68
    • 0028964609 scopus 로고
    • Contaminant-related suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody responses in harbor seals fed herring from the Baltic Sea
    • Ross PS, De Swart RL, Reijnders PJH et al. 1995. Contaminant-related suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody responses in harbor seals fed herring from the Baltic Sea. Environ Health Perspect 103:162-7
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect , vol.103 , pp. 162-167
    • Ross, P.S.1    De Swart, R.L.2    Reijnders, P.J.H.3
  • 69
    • 0030590227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contaminant-induced immunotoxicity in harbour seals: Wildlife at risk?
    • Ross PS, De Swart RL, Addison RF et al. 1996a. Contaminant-induced immunotoxicity in harbour seals: wildlife at risk? Toxicology 112:157-69
    • (1996) Toxicology , vol.112 , pp. 157-169
    • Ross, P.S.1    De Swart, R.L.2    Addison, R.F.3
  • 70
    • 9344242444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host resistance to rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) and immune function in adult PVG rats fed herring from the contaminated Baltic Sea
    • Ross PS, Van Loveren H, De Swart RL et al. 1996b. Host resistance to rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) and immune function in adult PVG rats fed herring from the contaminated Baltic Sea. Arch Toxicol 70:661-71
    • (1996) Arch Toxicol , vol.70 , pp. 661-671
    • Ross, P.S.1    Van Loveren, H.2    De Swart, R.L.3
  • 71
    • 8544238521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired cellular immune response in rats exposed perinatally to Baltic Sea herring oil or 2,3,7,8-TCDD
    • Ross PS, De Swart RL, Van der Vliet H et al. 1997. Impaired cellular immune response in rats exposed perinatally to Baltic Sea herring oil or 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Arch Toxicol 17:563-74
    • (1997) Arch Toxicol , vol.17 , pp. 563-574
    • Ross, P.S.1    De Swart, R.L.2    Van Der Vliet, H.3
  • 72
    • 0034028830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High PCB concentrations in free-ranging Pacific killer whales, Orcinus orca: Effects of age, sex and dietary preference
    • Ross PS, Ellis GM, Ikonomou MG et al. 2000a. High PCB concentrations in free-ranging Pacific killer whales, Orcinus orca: effects of age, sex and dietary preference. Mar Pollut Bull 40:504-15
    • (2000) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.40 , pp. 504-515
    • Ross, P.S.1    Ellis, G.M.2    Ikonomou, M.G.3
  • 73
    • 0034665929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PCBs are a health risk for humans and wildlife
    • Ross PS, Vos JG, Birnbaum LS et al. 2000b. PCBs are a health risk for humans and wildlife. Science 289:1878-9
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , pp. 1878-1879
    • Ross, P.S.1    Vos, J.G.2    Birnbaum, L.S.3
  • 74
    • 0032902539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of chemical and ecological factors in trophic transfer of organic chemicals in aquatic food webs
    • Russell RW, Gobas FAPC, and Haffner GD. 1999. Role of chemical and ecological factors in trophic transfer of organic chemicals in aquatic food webs. Environ Toxicol Chem 18(6):1250-7
    • (1999) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1250-1257
    • Russell, R.W.1    Gobas, F.A.P.C.2    Haffner, G.D.3
  • 75
    • 0026774886 scopus 로고
    • Development, validation and limitations of toxic equivalency factors
    • Safe SH. 1992. Development, validation and limitations of toxic equivalency factors. Chemosphere 25:61-4
    • (1992) Chemosphere , vol.25 , pp. 61-64
    • Safe, S.H.1
  • 76
    • 0034665869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of 4-hydroxy-heptachlorostyrene in polar bear plasma and its binding affinity to transthyretin: A metabolite of octachlorostyrene?
    • Sandau CD, Meerts ITM, Letcher RJ et al. 2000. Identification of 4-hydroxy-heptachlorostyrene in polar bear plasma and its binding affinity to transthyretin: a metabolite of octachlorostyrene? Environmental Science and Technology 18:3871-7
    • (2000) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.18 , pp. 3871-3877
    • Sandau, C.D.1    Meerts, I.T.M.2    Letcher, R.J.3
  • 77
    • 0029745711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological assessment of an aging population of Great Lakes fisheaters
    • Schantz SL, Sweeney AM, Gardiner JC et al. 1996. Neuropsychological assessment of an aging population of Great Lakes fisheaters. Toxicol Ind Health 12:403-17
    • (1996) Toxicol Ind Health , vol.12 , pp. 403-417
    • Schantz, S.L.1    Sweeney, A.M.2    Gardiner, J.C.3
  • 78
    • 0030444287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological and laboratory evidence of PCB-induced neurotoxicity
    • Seegal RF. 1996. Epidemiological and laboratory evidence of PCB-induced neurotoxicity. Crit Rev Toxicol 26(6):709-37
    • (1996) Crit Rev Toxicol , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 709-737
    • Seegal, R.F.1
  • 79
    • 0021282853 scopus 로고
    • Physiochemical properties controlling polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in aquatic organisms
    • Shaw GR and Connell DW. 1984. Physiochemical properties controlling polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in aquatic organisms. Environmental Science and Technology 18:19-23
    • (1984) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.18 , pp. 19-23
    • Shaw, G.R.1    Connell, D.W.2
  • 80
    • 0022916847 scopus 로고
    • Ah receptor mediated suppression of the antibody response in mice is primarily dependent on the Ah phenotype of lymphoid tissue
    • Silkworth JB, Antrim LA, and Sack G. 1986. Ah receptor mediated suppression of the antibody response in mice is primarily dependent on the Ah phenotype of lymphoid tissue. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 86:380-90
    • (1986) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.86 , pp. 380-390
    • Silkworth, J.B.1    Antrim, L.A.2    Sack, G.3
  • 81
    • 0000563435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contaminant-related disruption of vitamin A dynamics in free-ranging harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from British Columbia, Canada and Washington State, USA
    • Simms W, Jeffries SJ, Ikonomou MG et al. 2000. Contaminant-related disruption of vitamin A dynamics in free-ranging harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from British Columbia, Canada and Washington State, USA. Environ Toxicol Chem 19(11):2844-9
    • (2000) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 2844-2849
    • Simms, W.1    Jeffries, S.J.2    Ikonomou, M.G.3
  • 82
    • 0034406805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin A physiology and its application as a biomarker of contaminant-related toxicity in marine mammals: A review
    • Simms W and Ross PS. 2001. Vitamin A physiology and its application as a biomarker of contaminant-related toxicity in marine mammals: a review. Toxicol Ind Health 16(6):291-302
    • (2001) Toxicol Ind Health , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 291-302
    • Simms, W.1    Ross, P.S.2
  • 85
    • 0025906062 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of biological effects of polychlorinated compounds found in contaminated cooking oil responsible for the disease "Yusho"
    • Takayama K, Miyata H, Mimura M et al. 1991. Evaluation of biological effects of polychlorinated compounds found in contaminated cooking oil responsible for the disease "Yusho". Chemosphere 22:537-46
    • (1991) Chemosphere , vol.22 , pp. 537-546
    • Takayama, K.1    Miyata, H.2    Mimura, M.3
  • 86
    • 84986826807 scopus 로고
    • Capacity and mode of PCB metabolism in small cetaceans
    • Tanabe S, Watanabe S, Kan H et al. 1988. Capacity and mode of PCB metabolism in small cetaceans. Mar Mammal Sci 4:103-24
    • (1988) Mar Mammal Sci , vol.4 , pp. 103-124
    • Tanabe, S.1    Watanabe, S.2    Kan, H.3
  • 87
    • 0026664966 scopus 로고
    • Polychlorinated biphenyl residues and egg mortality in double-crested cormorants from the Great Lakes
    • Tillitt DE, Ankley GT, Giesy JP et al. 1992. Polychlorinated biphenyl residues and egg mortality in double-crested cormorants from the Great Lakes. Environ Toxicol Chem 11:1281-8
    • (1992) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.11 , pp. 1281-1288
    • Tillitt, D.E.1    Ankley, G.T.2    Giesy, J.P.3
  • 88
    • 0032449610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife
    • Van den Berg M, Birnbaum L, Bosveld ATC et al. 1998. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife. Environ Health Perspect 106:775-92
    • (1998) Environ Health Perspect , vol.106 , pp. 775-792
    • Van Den Berg, M.1    Birnbaum, L.2    Bosveld, A.T.C.3
  • 89
    • 0017887357 scopus 로고
    • Studies on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced immune suppression and decreased resistance to infection: Endotoxin hypersensitivity, serum zinc concentrations and effect of thymosin treatment
    • Vos JG, Kreeftenberg JG, Engel HWB et al. 1978. Studies on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced immune suppression and decreased resistance to infection: endotoxin hypersensitivity, serum zinc concentrations and effect of thymosin treatment. Toxicology 9:75-86
    • (1978) Toxicology , vol.9 , pp. 75-86
    • Vos, J.G.1    Kreeftenberg, J.G.2    Engel, H.W.B.3
  • 90
    • 0028976130 scopus 로고
    • A global distillation model for persistent organic chemicals
    • Wania F and Mackay D. 1995. A global distillation model for persistent organic chemicals. Sci Total Environ 160:211-32
    • (1995) Sci Total Environ , vol.160 , pp. 211-232
    • Wania, F.1    Mackay, D.2
  • 91
    • 0027382661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global fractionation and cold condensation of low volatility organochlorine compounds in polar regions
    • Wania F and Mackay D. 2001. Global fractionation and cold condensation of low volatility organochlorine compounds in polar regions. Ambio 22:10-8
    • (2001) Ambio , vol.22 , pp. 10-18
    • Wania, F.1    Mackay, D.2
  • 92
    • 0034521387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic effects of background exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins in Dutch preschool children
    • Weisglas-Kuperus N, Patandin S, Berbers GUM et al. 2000. Immunologic effects of background exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins in Dutch preschool children. Environ Health Perspect 108(12):1203-7
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.12 , pp. 1203-1207
    • Weisglas-Kuperus, N.1    Patandin, S.2    Berbers, G.U.M.3
  • 93
    • 0014948974 scopus 로고
    • DDE thins eggshells of captive American kestrels
    • Wiemeyer SN and Porter RD. 1970. DDE thins eggshells of captive American kestrels. Nature 227:737-8
    • (1970) Nature , vol.227 , pp. 737-738
    • Wiemeyer, S.N.1    Porter, R.D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.