The role of pre-existing structures in the origin, propagation and architecture of faults in the Main Ethiopian Rift

Gondwana Research

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 467-479

  Korme, Tesfaye ^a   Acocella, Valerio ^b   Abebe, Bekele ^a  

^a ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY   (Ethiopia)

^b ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY   (Italy)

Author keywords

Afar; Basement control; Ethiopian rift; Fault interaction; Reactivation

Indexed keywords

DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL; EXTENSIONAL TECTONICS; FAULT ZONE; GEODYNAMICS; IMAGE RESOLUTION; LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER; PLATE TECTONICS; PLIOCENE-PLEISTOCENE BOUNDARY; RIFT ZONE; SATELLITE IMAGERY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TECTONIC SETTING; VOLCANOLOGY;

EAST AFRICAN RIFT; ETHIOPIAN RIFT;

EID: 1942498805     PISSN: 1342937X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70798-X     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Acocella, V. and Korme, T. (2002) Holocene extension direction along the Main Ethiopian Rift, East Africa. Terra Nova, v. 14, no. 3, pp. 191-197.
2. Acocella, V., Korme, T, Salvini, F. and Funiceiello, R. (2002) Elliptical calderas in the Ethiopian Rift: Control of pre-existing structures. J. Volca. Geoth. Res.
3. Berhe, S.M. (1990). Ophiolites in northeast and east Africa: Implication for Proterozoic crustal growth. J. Geol. Soci. London, v. 147, pp. 41-57.
4. Berhe, S.M. and Rothery, D.A. (1986) Interactive processing of satellite images for structural and lithological mapping in northeast Africa. Geol. Mag., v. 123, pp. 393-403.
5. Beyth, M. (1991) "Smooth and rough" propagation of spreading southern Red Sea - Afar depression. J. African Earth Sci., v. 13, pp. 157-171.
6. Boccaletti, M. Bonini, M., Mazzuoli, R., Abebe, B., Piccardi, L. and Tortorici, L. (1998) Quaternary oblique extensional tectonics in the Ethiopian Rift (Horn of Africa). Tectonophys., v. 287, pp. 97-116.
7. Bonavia, F.F. and Chorowicz, J. (1992) Northward expulsion of the Pan-African of the north-east Africa guided by a re-entrant zone of the Tanzanian Craton. Geology, v. 20, pp. 023-1026.
8. Bosellini, A. (1989) The continental margins of Somalia: their structural evolution and sequence stratigraphy. Mem. Sci. Geol., v. 101, pp. 373-458.
9. Bosellini, A., Russo, A., Fantozzi, P.L., Assefa, G. and Tadesse, S. (1997) The Mesozoic succession of the Mekele outlier (Tigrai province, Ethiopia). Mem. Sci. Geol, v. 49, pp. 95-116.
10. Bosworth, W. (1992) Mesozoic and early Tertiary rift tectonics in east Africa. Tectonophys., v. 209, pp. 115-137.
11. Brown, G.F. (1970) Eastern margin of Red Sea and coastal structures in Saudi Arabia. Philo. Trans. R. Soc. London, v. 267, pp. 75-87.
12. Chorowicz, J. (1992) The role of ancient structures in the genesis and evolution of the East African Rift. Société Géologique de France Bull., v. 163, pp. 217-227.
13. Chorowicz, J., Collet, B., Bonavia, F. and Korme, T. (1994) Northwest to north-northwest extension direction in the Ethiopian rift reduced from the orientation of extension structures and fault-slip analysis. Geol. Soci. Amer. Bull., v. 150, pp. 1560-1570.
14. Dunbar, J.A, and Sawyer, D.S. (1989) How pre-existing weakness control the style of continental breakup. J. Geophy. Res., v. 94, pp. 7278-7298.
15. Hetzel, R., and Strecker, M.R. (1993) Late Mozambique Belt structures in western Kenya and their influence on the evolution of the Cenozoic Kenya rift J. Struc. Geol., v. 16, pp. 189-201.
16. Juch, D. (1975) Geology of the Southeastern escarpment of Ethiopia between 39° and 42° long. E. In: Pilgar, A., and Rosler, S.A., (Eds.), Afar depression of Ethiopia. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 310-316.
17. Kazmin, V., Shifferaw, A. and Balcha, T. (1978) The Ethiopian basement: stratigraphy and possible manner of evolution. Geol. Rundsh., v. 67, pp. 531-546.
18. th Conference on African Geology, Annals of the Geological Survey of Egypt, Cairo. v. 9, pp. 1-8.
19. Key, R.M., Charsley, T.J., Hackman, B.D., Wilkinson, A.F. and Rundle, C. C. (1989) Superimposed Upper Proterozoic collision-controlled orogenies in the Mozambique orogenic belt of Kenya. Precambrian Res., v. 44, pp. 197-225.
20. Korme, T., Chorowicz, J., Collet, B. and Bonavia, F. (1997) Volcanic vents rooted on extension fractures and their geodynamic implications in the Ethiopian Rift. J. Volcan. Geoth. Res., v. 79, pp. 205-222.
21. Kröner, A. (1985) Ophiolites and evolution of tectonic boundaries in the Late Proterozoic Arabian Nubian Shield of north-east Africa and Arabia. Precambrian Res., v. 27, pp. 277-300.
22. McConnell, R.B. (1980) A resurgent taphrogenic lineaments of Precambrian origin in the eastern Africa. J. Geol. Soci., v. 137, pp. 483-489.
23. Merla, G., Abbate, E., Azarolli, A., Canuti, P., Sagri, M. and Taconni, P. (1973) Geological map of Ethiopia and Somalia, 1:2,000,000 and comments with a map of major landforms, CNR, Florence.
24. Meyer, W., Pilgar, A., Rosler, A. and Stets, J. (1975) Tectonic evolution of the northern part of the Main Ethiopian Rift. In: Pilgar, A., and Rosler, S.A., (Eds.) Afar depression of Ethiopia. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 370-395.
25. Mohr, P. (1967) The Ethiopian rift system. Geophy. Obse., Addis Ababa, Bull. v. 11, pp. 1-65.
26. Mohr, P. (1987) Patterns of faulting in the Ethiopian rift valley. Tectonophys., v. 143, pp. 169-179.
27. Moore, J.M. and Davidson, A. (1978) Rift structure in southern Ethiopia. Tectonophys., v. 46, pp. 159-173.
28. Purcell, P.G. (1976) The Marda fault zone, Ethiopia. Nature, v. 261, pp. 569-571.
29. Ring, U. (1994) The influence of preexisting structure on the evolution of the Cenozoic Malawi rift (east African rift system). Tectonics, v. 12, pp. 313-326.
30. Russo, A., Getaneh Assefa and Balemual Atnafu (1994) Sedimentary evolution of the Abay River (Blue Nile) Basin, Ethiopia. N. Jb. Geol. Palä, Mh., v. 5, pp. 291-308.
31. Schlische, R.W. (1995) Geometry and origin of fault-related folds in extensional settings. Amer. Associ. Petro. Geol. Bull., v. 79, pp. 1661-1678.
32. Shakleton, R.M. (1986) Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa. In: Coward, M.P. and Ries, A.C. (Eds.), Collision tectonics, Geol. Soc. London Spec. Pub., v. 19, pp. 329-349.
33. Smith, M. and Mosley, P. (1993) Crustal heterogeneity and basement influence on the development of the Kenya rift, East Africa. Tectonics, v. 12, pp. 591-606.
34. Stern, R.J. (1994) Arc assembly and continental collision in the Neoproterozoic East African Orogen: Implications for the consolidation of Gondwanna land. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., v. 22, pp. 319-351.
35. Tesfaye, K. (1999) Lithologic and structural mapping of the northeast Lake Ziway area, Ethiopian Rift, with the help of Landsat-TM data. SINET, v. 22, pp. 175-190.
36. Vail, J.R. (1983) Pan-African crustal accretion in the north-east Africa. J. Afri. Earth Sci., v. 1, pp. 285-294.
37. Vearncombe, J.R. (1983) A proposed continental margin in the Precambrian of western Kenya. Geol. Rundsch., v. 72, pp. 663-670.
38. Versfelt, J. and Rosendahl, B.R. (1989) Relationships between pre-rift structure and rift architecture in Lakes Tanganyika and Malawi, east Africa. Nature, v. 337, pp. 354-357.
39. Wolde-Gabriel, G., Aronson, J.L. and Walter, R.C. (1990) Geology, geochronology and rift basin development in the central sector of the Main Ethiopian Rift, Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v. 102, pp. 439-452.