The American Far Right and 9/11

Terrorism and Political Violence

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2003, Pages

  Durham, Martin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WOLVERHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 1942476700     PISSN: 09546553     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09546550312331293057     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. See e.g. Stephen Scheinberg, 'Right-Wing Extremism in the United States', in Aurel Braun and Stephen Scheinberg (eds.), The Extreme Right. freedom and Security At Risk (Boulder, Co.: Westview Press 1997) pp.55-83; Robert L. Hilliard and Michael C. Keith, Waves of Rancor. Tuning In The Radical Right (Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe 1999) pp. 153-64; Michael Novick, White Lies White Power. The Fight Against White Supremacy and Reactionary Violence (Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press 1995) pp. 127-66.
2. See e.g. Stephen Scheinberg, 'Right-Wing Extremism in the United States', in Aurel Braun and Stephen Scheinberg (eds.), The Extreme Right. freedom and Security At Risk (Boulder, Co.: Westview Press 1997) pp.55-83; Robert L. Hilliard and Michael C. Keith, Waves of Rancor. Tuning In The Radical Right (Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe 1999) pp. 153-64; Michael Novick, White Lies White Power. The Fight Against White Supremacy and Reactionary Violence (Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press 1995) pp. 127-66.
3. See e.g. Stephen Scheinberg, 'Right-Wing Extremism in the United States', in Aurel Braun and Stephen Scheinberg (eds.), The Extreme Right. freedom and Security At Risk (Boulder, Co.: Westview Press 1997) pp.55-83; Robert L. Hilliard and Michael C. Keith, Waves of Rancor. Tuning In The Radical Right (Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe 1999) pp. 153-64; Michael Novick, White Lies White Power. The Fight Against White Supremacy and Reactionary Violence (Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press 1995) pp. 127-66.
4. Martin Durham, The Christian Right, the Far Right and the Boundaries of American Conservatism (Manchester: Manchester University Press 2000) pp.xii, 1-5, 115-25, 178-82.
5. Jeffrey Kaplan (ed.), Encyclopedia of White Power. A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right (Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press 2000) pp.334-8; http://www.resist.com/updates/10.22.00aryanupdate.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.resist.com/updates/2001updates/9.16.01 warbulliten.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
6. Jeffrey Kaplan (ed.), Encyclopedia of White Power. A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right (Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press 2000) pp.334-8; http://www.resist.com/updates/10.22.00aryanupdate.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.resist.com/updates/2001updates/9.16.01 warbulliten.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
7. Jeffrey Kaplan (ed.), Encyclopedia of White Power. A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right (Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press 2000) pp.334-8; http://www.resist.com/updates/10.22.00aryanupdate.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.resist.com/updates/2001updates/9.16.01 warbulliten.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
8. http://www.resist.com/updates/2002updates/3.31.02aryanupdate.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
9. Intelligence Report (Spring 2001); http://www.adl.org/Learn/ext_us/ Aryan_nations_break_up.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Nation 22 July 2002; http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=news/archive/2001/10/03/ national10412EDT0472.DTL (link no longer active); http://www.adl.org/ terrorism_america/saying_092001.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
10. Intelligence Report (Spring 2001); http://www.adl.org/Learn/ext_us/ Aryan_nations_break_up.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Nation 22 July 2002; http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=news/archive/2001/10/03/ national10412EDT0472.DTL (link no longer active); http://www.adl.org/ terrorism_america/saying_092001.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
11. Intelligence Report (Spring 2001); http://www.adl.org/Learn/ext_us/ Aryan_nations_break_up.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Nation 22 July 2002; http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=news/archive/2001/10/03/ national10412EDT0472.DTL (link no longer active); http://www.adl.org/ terrorism_america/saying_092001.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
12. Intelligence Report (Spring 2001); http://www.adl.org/Learn/ext_us/ Aryan_nations_break_up.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Nation 22 July 2002; http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=news/archive/2001/10/03/ national10412EDT0472.DTL (link no longer active); http://www.adl.org/ terrorism_america/saying_092001.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
13. Intelligence Report (Spring 2001); http://www.adl.org/Learn/ext_us/ Aryan_nations_break_up.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Nation 22 July 2002; http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=news/archive/2001/10/03/ national10412EDT0472.DTL (link no longer active); http://www.adl.org/ terrorism_america/saying_092001.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
14. Intelligence Report (Spring 2001); http://www.adl.org/Learn/ext_us/ Aryan_nations_break_up.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Nation 22 July 2002; http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=news/archive/2001/10/03/ national10412EDT0472.DTL (link no longer active); http://www.adl.org/ terrorism_america/saying_092001.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
15. Martin Durham, 'From Imperium to Internet: the National Alliance and the American extreme right', Patterns of Prejudice 36/3 (2002) pp.50-61; Intelligence Report (Fall 2002); Robert S. Griffin, The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds. An Up-Close Portrait of White Nationalist William Pierce (1st Books 2001) pp.27, 159-60.
16. Martin Durham, 'From Imperium to Internet: the National Alliance and the American extreme right', Patterns of Prejudice 36/3 (2002) pp.50-61; Intelligence Report (Fall 2002); Robert S. Griffin, The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds. An Up-Close Portrait of White Nationalist William Pierce (1st Books 2001) pp.27, 159-60.
17. Martin Durham, 'From Imperium to Internet: the National Alliance and the American extreme right', Patterns of Prejudice 36/3 (2002) pp.50-61; Intelligence Report (Fall 2002); Robert S. Griffin, The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds. An Up-Close Portrait of White Nationalist William Pierce (1st Books 2001) pp.27, 159-60.
18. http://www.natvan.com/pub/01/092201.txt (as of 8 April 2003); http:www.natvan.com/pub/01/102701.txt (as of 8 April 2003).
19. http://www.natvan.com/pub/01/092201.txt (as of 8 April 2003); http:www.natvan.com/pub/01/102701.txt (as of 8 April 2003).
20. New York Times, 26 Sept. 2001.
21. http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); Intelligence Report (Winter 2002); http://www.vanguardnewsnetwork.com/ index117.htm (link no longer active).
22. http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); Intelligence Report (Winter 2002); http://www.vanguardnewsnetwork.com/ index117.htm (link no longer active).
23. http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); Intelligence Report (Winter 2002); http://www.vanguardnewsnetwork.com/ index117.htm (link no longer active).
24. http://www.onepeoplesproject.com/N10.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.natvan.demands/ (as of 8 April 2003); Washington Post, 25 Aug. 2002; Washington Times, 25 Aug. 2002.
25. http://www.onepeoplesproject.com/N10.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.natvan.demands/ (as of 8 April 2003); Washington Post, 25 Aug. 2002; Washington Times, 25 Aug. 2002.
26. http://www.onepeoplesproject.com/N10.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.natvan.demands/ (as of 8 April 2003); Washington Post, 25 Aug. 2002; Washington Times, 25 Aug. 2002.
27. http://www.onepeoplesproject.com/N10.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.natvan.demands/ (as of 8 April 2003); Washington Post, 25 Aug. 2002; Washington Times, 25 Aug. 2002.
28. http://www.adl.org/Ext_US/Hale.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Kaplan (note 3) pp.54-7.
29. http://www.wcotc.com/wtc/press.html (link no longer active); http://www.thebirdman.org/Index/Temp/Temp-JewsResponsibleFor911-CEO.htm (link no longer active); http://www/churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCWW3.jpg (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCMuslim.jpg (as of 8 April 2003).
30. http://www.wcotc.com/wtc/press.html (link no longer active); http://www.thebirdman.org/Index/Temp/Temp-JewsResponsibleFor911-CEO.htm (link no longer active); http://www/churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCWW3.jpg (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCMuslim.jpg (as of 8 April 2003).
31. http://www.wcotc.com/wtc/press.html (link no longer active); http://www.thebirdman.org/Index/Temp/Temp-JewsResponsibleFor911-CEO.htm (link no longer active); http://www/churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCWW3.jpg (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCMuslim.jpg (as of 8 April 2003).
32. http://www.wcotc.com/wtc/press.html (link no longer active); http://www.thebirdman.org/Index/Temp/Temp-JewsResponsibleFor911-CEO.htm (link no longer active); http://www/churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCWW3.jpg (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_WTCMuslim.jpg (as of 8 April 2003).
33. Nation, 22 July 2002.
34. Observer, 28 Oct. 2001; http://www.adl.org/terrorism_Famerica/ saying_F121101.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
35. Observer, 28 Oct. 2001; http://www.adl.org/terrorism_Famerica/ saying_F121101.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
36. http://www.adl.org/terrorism_america/saying_091401.asp (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.adl.org/tetrorism_Famerica/saying_092501.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Village Voice, 31 Oct.-6 Nov. 2001.
37. http://www.adl.org/terrorism_america/saying_091401.asp (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.adl.org/tetrorism_Famerica/saying_092501.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Village Voice, 31 Oct.-6 Nov. 2001.
38. http://www.adl.org/terrorism_america/saying_091401.asp (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.adl.org/tetrorism_Famerica/saying_092501.asp (as of 8 April 2003); Village Voice, 31 Oct.-6 Nov. 2001.
39. http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.vanguardnewsnetwork.com/letters66.htm (link no long active).
40. http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/story1a092601.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.vanguardnewsnetwork.com/letters66.htm (link no long active).
41. http://www.resist.com/updates/2001.updates/2.18.01aryanupdate.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
42. Frank P. Mintz, The Liberty Lobby and the American Right. Race, Conspiracy and Culture (Westport Press, CT: Greenwood Press 1985), pp.61, 142-6.
43. New American, 31 Oct. 1994.
44. Mintz (note 18) pp. 141-2, 162.
45. Searchlight, Sept. 2001.
46. Chip Berlet and Matthew N. Lyons, Right-Wing Populism in America. Too Close for Comfort (New York: The Guilford Press 2000) pp. 188-92.
47. Free American, April, Aug., Oct. 2001.
48. New American, 8 Oct. 2001.
49. New American, 7 Oct. 2002.
50. Media Bypass, Dec. 2001.
51. Idaho Observer, Feb. 2002.
52. Free American, Dec. 2001; Media Bypass, Sept. 2002.
53. Free American, Dec. 2001; Media Bypass, Sept. 2002.
54. http://www.angelfire.com/music2/fullcircle/pam.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanholocaust.50megs.com/FEMA_Red_Blue.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanholocaust.50megs.com/Ammerman_WTC.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
55. http://www.angelfire.com/music2/fullcircle/pam.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanholocaust.50megs.com/FEMA_Red_Blue.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanholocaust.50megs.com/Ammerman_WTC.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
56. http://www.angelfire.com/music2/fullcircle/pam.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanholocaust.50megs.com/FEMA_Red_Blue.htm (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanholocaust.50megs.com/Ammerman_WTC.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
57. http://www.willowtown.com/freekentucky/columns01/patriots.htm (as of 8 April 2003).
58. http://www.patriotalliance.org/Civil_Defense_Militia_Petition/ (as of 8 April 2003).
59. http://www.adl.org/terrorism_america/saying_091301.asp (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.patriotalliance.org/Civil_Defense_Militia_Petition/ (as of 8 April 2003).
60. http://www.adl.org/terrorism_america/saying_091301.asp (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.patriotalliance.org/Civil_Defense_Militia_Petition/ (as of 8 April 2003).
61. Free American, Jan. 2002.
62. http://www.rickross.com/reference/militia/militia74.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanfreepress.net/10_22_01/Some_Survivors_Say_Bombs_Expl/ some_survivors_say_bombs_expl.html (as of 8 April 2003).
63. http://www.rickross.com/reference/militia/militia74.html (as of 8 April 2003); http://www.americanfreepress.net/10_22_01/Some_Survivors_Say_Bombs_Expl/ some_survivors_say_bombs_expl.html (as of 8 April 2003).
64. Media Bypass, June 2002; Free American, Sept., May 2002.
65. Media Bypass, June 2002; Free American, Sept., May 2002.
66. Patriot Report, Aug. 1995; Free American, July 1997.
67. Patriot Report, Aug. 1995; Free American, July 1997.
68. Alex Jones, 9-11: Descent into Tyranny (Austin, Texas: AEJ Publishing 2002) pp.26-7, 31, 33-46, 101-2; Media Bypass, June 2002.
69. Alex Jones, 9-11: Descent into Tyranny (Austin, Texas: AEJ Publishing 2002) pp.26-7, 31, 33-46, 101-2; Media Bypass, June 2002.
70. http://www.churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_Serbia.jpg (as of 8 April 2003); Christian News, 10 Dec. 2001.
71. http://www.churchfliers.com/sub_fliers/flier_Serbia.jpg (as of 8 April 2003); Christian News, 10 Dec. 2001.
72. Idaho Observer, July 2002.
73. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 25 Nov. 2001; http://www.americanfreepress. net/Mideast/Were_the_9-11_Hijackers_Really/were_the_9-11_Hijackers_really.html (as of 8 April 2003).
74. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 25 Nov. 2001; http://www.americanfreepress. net/Mideast/Were_the_9-11_Hijackers_Really/were_the_9-11_Hijackers_really.html (as of 8 April 2003).
75. Intelligence Report (Fall, Winter) 2002; http://www.adl.org/learn/news/ Hale_Arrested.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
76. Intelligence Report (Fall, Winter) 2002; http://www.adl.org/learn/news/ Hale_Arrested.asp (as of 8 April 2003).
77. Nation, 22 July 2002; USA Today, 24 June 2002.
78. Nation, 22 July 2002; USA Today, 24 June 2002.
79. USA Today, 24 June 2002.
80. http://www.rickross.com/reference/militia/militia74.html (as of 8 April 2003).