Allometry and variability of resource allocation to reproduction in a wild reindeer population

Behavioral Ecology

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 624-633

  Loison, Anne ^a   Strand, Olav ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LYON 1   (France)

^b NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR NATURE RESEARCH   (Norway)

Author keywords

Allometry; Body weight; Prenatal resource allocation; Rangifer; Reindeer; Sex bias

Indexed keywords

ALLOMETRY; BODY MASS; DEER; POPULATION DYNAMICS; REPRODUCTION; RESOURCE ALLOCATION;

RANGIFER; RANGIFER TARANDUS;

EID: 19344364182     PISSN: 10452249     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ari037     Document Type: Article

References (110)

1. Albon SD, Mitchell B, Staines BW, 1983. Fertility and body weight in female red deer: a density-dependent relationship. J Anim Ecol 52:969-980.
2. Allainé D, Pontier D, Gaillard JM, Lebreton JD, Trouvilliez J, Clobert J, 1987. The relationship between fecundity and adult body weight in homeotherms. Oecologia 73:478-480.
3. Andersen R, Linnell, JDC, 1997. Variation in maternal investment in a small cervid; the effects of cohort, sex, litter size and time of birth in roe deer (Cupreolus capreolus) fawns. Oecologia 109:74-79.
4. Andersson M, 1994. Sexual selection. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
5. Arnbom T, Fedak MA, Boyd IL, McConnell BJ, 1993. Variation in weaning mass of pups in relation to maternal mass, postweaning fast duration, and weaned pup behaviour in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) at South Georgia. Can J Zool 71:1772-1781.
6. Begon M, Harper JL, Townsend CR, 1996. Ecology. Oxford: Science.
7. Boltnev AI, York AE, Antonelis GA, 1997. Northern fur seal young: interrelationships among birth size, growth and survival. Can J Zool 76:843-854.
8. Bonnet X, Naulleau G, Shine R, Lourdais O, 1999. What is the appropriate timescale for measuring costs of reproduction in a "capital breeder" such as the aspic viper? Evol Ecol 13:485-497.
9. Boyce MS, 1989. Evolution of life histories: theory and patterns from mammals. In: Evolution of life histories of mammals. Theory and patterns (Boyce MS, ed). New haven and London: Yale University Press; 3-30.
10. Bowen WD, Ellis SL, Iverson SJ, Boness DJ, 2001. Maternal effects on offspring growth rate and weaning mass in harbour seals. Can J Zool 79:1088-1101.
11. Brown GR, 2001. Sex-biased investment in non-human primates: can Trivers and Willard's theory be tested? Anim Behav 61:683-694.
12. Brown KM, 1983. Do life history tactics exist at the intraspecific level? Data from freshwater snails. Am Nat 121:871-879.
13. Burnham KP, Anderson DR, 1998. Model selection and inference: a practical information theoretical approach. New York: Springer Verlag.
14. Byers JA, 1997. American pronghorn. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
15. Byers JA, Hogg JT, 1995. Environmental effects on prenatal growth rate in pronghorn and bighorn: further evidence for energy constraint on sex-biased maternal expenditure. Behav Ecol 6:451-457.
16. Byers JA, Moodie JD, 1990. Sex-specific maternal investment in pronghorn and the question of a limit on differential provisioning in ungulates. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 26:157-164.
17. Calder WA, 1984. Size, function and life history. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
18. Cameron EZ, 2004. Facultative adjustment of mammalian sex ratios in support of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis: evidence for a mechanism. Proc R Soc Lond B 271:1723-1728.
19. Cameron EZ, Linklater WL, Stafford KJ, Minot EO, 2000. Aging and improving reproductive success in horses: declining residual reproductive value or just older and wiser? Behav Ecol Sociobiol 47:243-249.
20. Cameron EZ, Linklater WL, Stafford KJ, Veltman CJ, 1999. Birth sex ratios relate to mare condition at conception in Kaimanawa horses. Behav Ecol 10:472-275.
21. Chambellant M, Beauplet G, Guinet C, Georges JY, 2003. Long-term evaluation of pup growth and preweaning survival rates in subantarctic fur seals, Antocephalus tropicalis, on Amsterdam Island. Can J Zool 81:1222-1232.
22. Clutton-Brock TH, 1984. Reproductive effort and terminal investment in iteroparous animals. Am Nat 123:212-229.
23. Clutton-Brock TH, 1988. Reproductive success. Studies of individual variation in contrasting breeding systems. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
24. Clutton-Brock TH, 1991. The evolution of parental care. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
25. Clutton-Brock TH, Albon SD, Guinness FE, 1985. Parental investment and sex differences in juvenile mortality in birds and mammals. Nature 313:131-133.
26. Clutton-Brock TH, Albon SD, Guinness FE, 1987. Interactions between population density and maternal characteristics affecting fecundity and juvenile survival in red deer. J Anim Ecol 58:857-871.
27. Clutton-Brock TH, Albon SD, Guinness FE, 1989. Fitness costs of gestation and lactation in wild mammals. Nature 337:220-262.
28. Clutton-Brock TH, Guinness FE, Albon SD, 1982. Red deer: behavior and ecology of two sexes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
29. Clutton-Brock TH, Vincent ACJ, 1991. Sexual selection and the potential reproductive rates of males and females. Nature 351:58-60.
30. Dittus WPJ, 1998. Birth sex ratios in toque macaques and other mammals: integrating the effects of maternal condition and competition. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 44:149-160.
31. Eberhardt LL, 1985. Assessing the dynamics of wild populations. J Wildl Manage 49:997-1012.
32. Emlen ST, 1997. When mothers prefer daughters over sons. Trends Ecol Evol 12:291-292.
33. Festa-Bianchet M, Gaillard JM, Jorgenson JT, 1998. Mass- and density-dependent reproductive success and reproductive costs in a capital breeder. Am Nat 152:367-379.
34. Festa-Bianchet M, Jorgenson JT, 1998. Selfish mothers: reproductive expenditure and resource availability in bighorn ewes. Behav Ecol 9:144-150.
35. Festa-Bianchet M, Jorgenson JT, Bérubé CH, Portier C, Wishart WD, 1997. Body mass and survival of bighorn sheep. Can J Zool 75:1372-1379.
36. Forchhammer MC, 2000. Timing of fetal growth spurts can explain ratio variation in polygynous mammals. Ecol Lett 3:1-4.
37. Fowler CW, 1987. A review of density-dependence in populations of large mammals. In: Current mammalogy (Genoways HH, ed). New York: Plenum Press; 401-441.
38. Gaillard JM, 1991. Some demographic characteristics in ungulate populations and their implication for management and conservation. In: Ongulés/ungulates 91 (Spitz F, Janeau G, Gonzalez G, Aulagnier S, eds). Paris: SFEPM-IRGM; 493-495.
39. Gaillard JM, Boulin JM, Delorme D, Van Laere G, Duncan P, Lebreton JD, 1997b. Early survival in roe deer: causes and consequences of cohort variations in two contrasted populations. Oecologia 112:502-513.
40. Gaillard JM, Delorme D, Boutin JM, Van Laere G, Boisanbert B, 1996. Body mass of roe deer fawns during winter in 2 contrasting populations. J Wildl Manage 60:29-36.
41. Gaillard JM, Festa-Bianchet M, Delorme D, Jorgenson J, 2000a. Body mass and individual fitness in female ungulates: bigger is not always better. Proc R Soc Lond B 267:471-477.
42. Gaillard JM, Festa-Bianchet M, Yoccoz NG, Loison A, Toïgo C, 2000b. Temporal variation in fitness components and population dynamics of large herbivores. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 31:367-393.
43. Gaillard JM, Pontier D, Allainé D, Loison A, Hervé JC, Heizmann, A, 1997a. Variation in growth form and precocity at birth in eutherian mammals. Proc R Soc Lond B 264:859-868.
44. Genoud M, Perrin N, 1994. Fecundity versus offspring size in the greater white toothed shrew, Crocidum russula. J Anim Ecol 63:328-336.
45. Helle T, Kojola I, 1993. Reproduction and mortality of Finnish semi-domesticated reindeer in relation to density and management strategies. Arctic 46:72-77.
46. Helle T, Kojola I, 1994. Body mass variation in semi-domesticated reindeer. Can J Zool 72:681-688.
47. Hewison AJM, Gaillard JM, 1999. Successful sons or advantaged daughters? The Trivers-Willard model and sex-biased maternal investment in ungulates. Trends Ecol Evol 14:229-234.
48. Johnson JB, Omland KS, 2004. Model selection in ecology and evolution. Trends Ecol Evol 19:101-108.
49. Jönsson KI, 1997. Capital and income breeding as alternative tactics of resource use in reproduction. Oikos 78:57-66.
50. Jordan MA, Snell HL, 2002. Life history trade-offs and phenotypic plasticity in the reproduction of Galapagos lava lizards (Microlophus delanonis). Oecologia 130:44-52.
51. Jorgenson J, Festa-Bianchet M, Luchini M, Wishart WD, 1993. Effects of body size, population density and maternal characteristics on age at first reproduction in bighorn ewes. Can J Zool 71:2509-2517.
52. Keech MA, Bowyer RT, Ver Hoef JM, Boertje RD, Dale BW, Stephenson TR, 2000. Life history consequences of maternal condition in Alaskan moose. J Wildl Manage 64:450-462.
53. Kleber M. 1961. The fire of life: an introduction to animal energetics. New York: John Wiley.
54. Kojola I, 1993. Early investment and growth in reindeer. Can J Zool 71:753-758.
55. Kojola I, Eloranta E, 1989. Influences of maternal body weight, age and parity on sex ratio in semidomesticated reindeer (Rangifer T. tarandus). Evolution 43:1331-1336.
56. Kojola I, Helle T, 1994. Offspring sex ratio adjustment in reindeer, Rangifer tarandus. Ann Zool Fenn 31:405-410.
57. Krebs CJ, Cowan I, 1962. Growth studies of reindeer fawns. Can J Zool 40:863-869.
58. Kruuk LEB, Clutton-Brock TH, Albon SD, Pemberton JM, Guinness FE, 1999. Population density affects sex ratio variation in red deer. Nature 399:459-461.
59. LaBarbera M, 1989. Analysing body size as a factor in ecology and evolution. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 20:97-117.
60. Leblanc M, Festa-Bianchet M, Jorgenson JT, 2001. Sexual size dimorphism in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis): effects of population density. Can J Zool 79:1661-1670.
61. Linnell JDC, Wahlstrōm LK, Gaillard JM, 1998. From birth to independence: birth, growth, neonatal mortality, hiding behaviour and dispersal. In: The European roe deer: the biology of success (Andersen R, Duncan P, Linnell JDC, eds). Oslo, Norway: University Press; 257-284.
62. Loison A, Langvatn R, Solberg EJ, 1999. Body size and mortality of red deer calves: disentangling sex and climate effects. Ecography 22: 20-30.
63. Loison, A, Solberg EJ, Yoccoz NG, Langvatn R, 2004. Sex differences in the interplay of cohort and mother quality on body weight of red deer calves. Ecology 85:1992-2002.
64. Martin RD, 1988. Size, shape and evolution. In: Evolutionary studies: a centenary celebration of the life of Julian Huxley. (Keynes M, Ainswolth HG, eds). London: Macmillan; 96-141.
65. Martin RD, MacLarnon AM, 1985. Gestation period, neonatal size and maternal investment in placental mammals. Nature 313:220-223.
66. Martin RD, MacLarnon AM, 1988. Comparative quantitative studies of growth and reproduction. Symp Zool Soc Lond 60:39-80.
67. Mauck RA, Grubb RC, 1995. Petrel parents shunt all experimentally increased reproductive costs to their offspring. Anim Behav 49:999-1008.
68. Millar JS, 1981. Pre-partum reproductive characteristics of eutherian mammals. Evolution 35:1149-1163.
69. Myers JH, 1978. Sex ratio adjustment under food stress: maximisation of quality or numbers of offspring? Am Nat 112:381-388.
70. Mysterud A, Yoccoz NG, Stenseth NC, Langvatn R, 2000. Relationships between sex ratio, climate and density in red deer: the importance of spatial scale. J Anim Ecol 69:959-974.
71. Mysterud A, Yoccoz NG, Stenseth NC, Langvatn R, 2001. Effects of age, sex and density on body weight of Norwegian red deer: evidence of density-dependent senescence. Proc R Soc Lond B 268:911-919.
72. Nordby Ø, 1968. Relationship between age and tooth cementum layers in Norwegian reindeer. J Wildl Manage 32:957-961.
73. Oftedal OT, 1985. Pregnancy and lactation. In: Bioenergetics of wild herbivores (Hudson RJ, White RG, eds). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 215-238.
74. Pélabon C, Gaillard JM, Loison A, Portier C. 1995. Is sex biased maternal care limited by total maternal expenditure in polygynous ungulates? Behav Ecol Sociobiol 37:311-319.
75. Peters RH, 1983. The ecological implications of body size. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
76. Pontier, D, Gaillard JM, Allainé D, 1993. Maternal investment per offspring and demographic tactics in placental mammals. Oikos 66:424-430.
77. Reimers E. 1997. Rangifer population ecology: a Scandinavian perspective. Rangifer 17:105-118.
78. Reimers E, Klein DR, Sorumgard R, 1983. Calving time, growth rate and body size of Norwegian reindeer on different ranges. Arctic Alp Res 15:107-118.
79. Reimers E, Lenvik D, 1997. Fetal sex ratio in relation to maternal mass and age in reindeer. Can J Zool 75:648-650.
80. Reiss MJ, 1989 The allometry of growth and reproduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
81. Reznick D, Butler MJ, Rodd H, 2001. Life history evolution in guppies. VII. The comparative ecology of high and low predation environments. Am Nat 157:126-140.
82. Reznick DNF, Ghalembor CK, 2001. The population ecology of contemporary adaptations: what empirical studies reveal about conditions that promote adaptive evolution. Genetica 112:183-198.
83. Reznick DNF, Yang AP, 1993. The influence of fluctuating resources on life history: patterns of allocation and plasticity in female guppies. Ecology 74:2011-2019.
84. Robbins CT, Robbins BL, 1979. Fetal and neonatal growth patterns and maternal reproductive effort in ungulates and subungulates. Am Nat 114:101-116.
85. Rochet MJ, Cornillon PA, Sabatier R, Pontier D, 2000. Comparative analysis of phylogenetic and fishing effects in life history patterns of teleost fishes. Oikos 91:255-270.
86. Rönnegård L, Forslund P, Danell Ö, 2002. Lifetime patterns in adult female mass, reproduction and offspring mass in semidomestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Can J Zool 80:2047-2055.
87. Sæther BE, 1985. Variation in reproductive traits in European passerines in relation to nesting site: allometric scaling to body weight or adaptative variation? Oecologia 68:7-9.
88. Sæther BE, 1997. Environmental stochasticity and population dynamics of large herbivores: a search for mechanisms. Trends Ecol Evol 12:143-149.
89. Sedinger JS, Flint PL, Lindberg MS, 1995. Environmental influence on life history traits: growth survival and fecundity in black brant (Branta bernicla). Ecology 76:2404-2414.
90. Siems DP, Sikes RS, 1998. Trade offs between growth and reproduction in response to temporal variation in food supply. Environ Biol Fish 53:319-329.
91. Skogland T, 1984a. The effects of food and maternal conditions on fetal growth and size in wild reindeer. Rangifer 4:39-46.
92. Skogland T. 1984b. Wild deer foraging niche organisation. Holarctic Ecol 7:345-379.
93. Skogland T, 1986. Sex-ratio variation in relation to maternal condition and parental investment in wild reindeer Rangifer t. tarandus. Oikos 46:417-419.
94. Skogland T, 1988. Tooth wear by limitation and its life history consequences in wild reindeer. Oikos 51:238-242.
95. Skogland T, 1989. Natural selection of wild reindeer life history traits by food limitation and predation. Oikos 55:101-110.
96. Skogland T, 1990. Density dependence in a fluctuating wild reindeer herd; maternal vs offspring effects. Oecologia 84:442-450.
97. Stearns SC, 1983. The influence of size and phylogeny on patterns of covariation among life-history traits in the mammals. Oikos 41:173-187.
98. Stearns SC, 1992. The evolution of life histories. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
99. Steidl RJ, Hayes JP, Schauber E, 1997. Statistical power analysis in wildlife research. J Wildl Manage 61:270-279.
100. Thomas DC, Barry SJ, Kiliaan HP, 1989. Fetal sex ratios in caribou: maternal age and condition effects. J Wildl Manage 53:885-890.
101. Trivers RL, Willard DE, 1973. Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring. Science 179:90-92.
102. Venables WN, Ripley BD, 1999. Modern applied statistics with S-plus. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
103. Vincent JP, Bideau E, Hewison AJM, Angibault JM, 1995. The influence of increasing density on body weight, kid production, home range and winter grouping in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). J Zool (Lond) 236:371-382.
104. Webb PI, 1997. Relative body sizes of neonatal marine mammals. Can J Zool 75:1732-1736.
105. Weladji RB, Holand Ø, 2003. Sex ratio variation in reindeer: a test of the extrinsic modification hypothesis. Wildl Biol 9:29-36.
106. Weladji RB, Holand Ø, Steinheim G, Lenvik D, 2003. Sex specific preweaning maternal care in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus t). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 53:308-314.
107. Weladji RB, Mysterud A, Holand Ø, Lenvik D, 2002. Age-related reproductive effort in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus): evidence of senescence. Oecologia 131:79-82.
108. Western D, 1979. Size, life history and ecology in mammals. Afr J Ecol 17:185-204.
109. Wikelski M, Romero M, 2003. Body size, performance and fitness in Galapagos marine iguanas. Integr Comp Biol 43:376-386.
110. Zera J, Harshman LG, 2001. The physiology of life history trade-offs in animals. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 32:95-126.