The active galaxy NGC 4151: Archetype or exception?

Astronomy and Astrophysics Review

Volumn 10, Issue 1-2, 2000, Pages 135-178

  Ulrich, M H ^a  

^a EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Galaxies: active (11.01.2); Galaxies: kinematics and dynamics (11.11.1); Galaxies: NGC 4151 (11.09.1); Galaxies: nuclei of (11.14.1); Radio continuum: galaxies (13.18.1); X rays: galaxies (13.25.2)

Indexed keywords

EID: 18844468203     PISSN: 09354956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s001590000007     Document Type: Article

References (165)

1. Alexander T., Sturm E., Lutz D., Sternberg A., Netzer H. and Genzel R., 1999, ApJ 512, 204
2. Anderson K.S. and Kraft R.P., 1969, ApJ 158, 859
3. Arp H. C., 1977, ApJ 218, 70
4. Arp H. C., 1997, A&A 319, 33
5. Arp H. C., 1998, ApJ 496, 661
6. Arp H. C., 1998, Redshifts, Cosmology and Academic Science, Apeiron, Montreal, Canada
7. Artymowicz P., Lin D.N.C. and Wampler E.J. 1993, ApJ 409, 592
8. Asif M.W., Mundell C.G., Pedlar A., Linger S.W., Robinson A., Vila-Vilaró B. and Lewis J.R., 1998, A&A 333, 466
9. Asif M.W., Unger S.W., Pedlar A., Mundell C.G., Robinson A., and Walton N.A., 1997, MNRAS 284, L15
10. Athanassoula E., 1992, MNRAS 259, 345
11. Barvainis R. and Anlonucci R., 1994, ApJ 107, 1291
12. Blandford R.D. 1995, in Proc. Cygnus A Workshop, ed. D. Harris and C. Carilli (Cambridge Univ Press) p. 268
13. Boksenberg A., Catchpole R.M., Macchetto F., Albrecht R., Barbieri C., et al., 1995, ApJ 440, 151
14. Booler R.V., Pedlar A., and Davies R.D., 1982, MNRAS 199, 229
15. Bosma A., Ekers R.D., and Lequeux J., 1977, A&A 57, 97
16. Bottorff M., Korista K.T., Shlosman I., Blandford R.D. 1997, ApJ 479, 200
17. Bromage G. E., Boksenberg A., Clavel J., Elvius A., Penston M.V., Perola G.C., Pettini M., Snijders M.A.J., Tanzi E.G. and Ulrich M.-H. 1985, MNRAS 215, 1
18. Burbidge E.M. and Burbidge G. 1997, ApJ 477, L13
19. Burbidge E.M. 1997, ApJ 484, L99
20. Burbidge E.M. 1999, ApJ 511, L9
21. Burbidge G., Narlikar J. and Hewitt A. 1985, Nature 317, 413
22. Carrai P., Turner J.L., and Ho P.T.P., 1990, ApJ 362, 434
23. Chang J. and Murray N., 1996, ApJ 466, 704
24. Chiang J. et al. 1999, ApJ in press
25. Clarke C.J., Kinney A.L., and Pringle J.E., 1998, ApJ 495, 189
26. Clavel J., Altamore A., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Elvius A., Pelat, D., Penston M.V., Perola G.C., Snijders M.A.J., and Ulrich M.-H. 1987, ApJ 321, 251
27. Clavel J., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Elvius A., Penston M.V., Perola G.C., Santos-Lleo M., Snijders M.A.J., and Ulrich M.-H. 1990, MNRAS 246, 668
28. Clavel J. Nandra K. Makino F. et al. 1992, ApJ 393, 113
29. Clements E.D., 1981, MNRAS 197, 829
30. Collin-Souffrin S., Dumont, S., Joly, M. and Pequignot D., 1986, A&A 166, 27
31. Collin-Souffrin S. & Lasota J.-P., 1988, Publ Astron Soc Pac 100, 1041
32. Collin-Souffrin S. 1991, A&A 249, 344
33. Collin S. and Zahn J.-P. 1999, A&A 344, 433
34. Combes F., 1994, in Mass-Transfer Induced Activity in Galaxies, ed Shlosman I., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 170
35. Contopoulos G. & Papayannopoulos T., 1980, A&A 92,33
36. Conway J.E., 1996, in The Second Workshop on Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum and Compact Steep Spectrum radio Sources, I.A.G. Snellen eds, Leiden, p. 193
37. Conway J.E., Blanco P.R. 1995, ApJ 449, L131
38. Coppi P. and Zdiarski A.A. 1992, ApJ 398, L37
39. Courvoisier T.J.-L., and Clavel J., 1991, A&A 248, 389
40. Courvoisier T.J.-L., 1998, A&AR 9, 1
41. Cowie L.L. and McKee C.F. 1975, AA 43, 337
42. Cromwell R. & Weymann R. 1970, ApJ 159, 147
43. Davies R.D., 1973, MNRAS 161, 25P
44. de Vaucouleurs G., de Vaucouleurs A., Corwin H. G. Jr., Buta R. J., Paturel G. and Fouqué P., 1991, Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (New York: Springer)
45. Edelson R.A., Alexander T., Crenshaw D.M., et al. 1996, ApJ 470, 364
46. Elvis M., Briel, U.G., Henry J.P. 1983, ApJ 268, 105
47. Espey B.R., Kriss G.A., Krolik J.H., Tsvetanov Z. and Davidsen A.F., 1998, ApJ 500, L13
48. Feldmeier J.J., Brandt W.N., Elvis M., Fabian A.C. and Iwasawa K. 1999, ApJ 510, 167
49. Fernandez B.R., Holloway A.J., Meaburn J., et al.1999, MNRAS 305, 319
50. Fiore F., Perola G.C. and Romano M., 1990, MNRAS 243, 522
51. Fisher J, Geballe T.R., Smith H.A. et al., 1987, ApJ 320,667
52. Galeev A.A., Rosner R., Vaiana G.S. 1979, ApJ 229, 318
53. Gallimore J.F., Baum S.A., and O'Dea C.P., 1998, Nature 388, 852
54. Gallimore J.F., Baum S.A., and O'Dea C.P., Pedlar A. and Brinks E. 1999, ApJ 524, 684
55. Haard F. and Maraschi L. 1991, ApJ 380, 51
56. Haardt F., Maraschi L., and Ghisellini G. 1994, ApJ 432, L95
57. Hasinger G., Burg R., Giacconi R., et al. 1993, A&A 275, 1
58. Ho, L.C., Filippenko, A.V. and Sargent, W.L.W. 1997, ApJ 487, 591
59. Holt S.S., 1980, ApJ 241, L13
60. Horne K. 1994, in Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New methods and Techniques, IAU Colloquium 159, ASP Conference Vol. 113, p. 146
61. Hutchings J.B., Crenshaw D.M., Kaiser M.E., et al. 1998, ApJ 492, L115
62. Israel F.P. 1999, A&AR astro-ph/9811051
63. Johnson W.N., McNaron-Brown K., Kurfess J.D., et al. 1997, ApJ 482, 173
64. Kaiser M.E. Bradley II L.D., Hutchings, J.B., et al. 1999, astro-ph/9906283
65. Katz J.I. 1976, ApJ 206, 910
66. Knapen, J.H., Bechman, J.E., Heller, C.H., Shlosman I. and de Jong R.S. 1995, ApJ 454, 623
67. Kraemer S.B., Crenshaw D.M., Hutchings J.B. et al. 1999, ApJ in press
68. Kraemer S.B., Turner, T.J., Crenshaw D.M. and George I. M., 1999, ApJ 519,69
69. Kriss G.A., Davidsen A.F., Blair W.P., Bowers C.W., Dixon W.V., et al., 1992, ApJ 392, 485
70. Krolik J.H., Home K., Kallman T.R., et al., 1991, ApJ 371, 541
71. Krolik J.H. and Done C. 1995, ApJ 440, 166
72. Kukula M.J., Holloway A.J., Pedlar A., et al. 1996, MNRAS 280, 1283
73. Kukula M.J., Ghosh T., Pedlar A., and Schilizzi R.T., 1999, ApJ 518, 117
74. Kurz R. and Shaver P.A. 1999, The ESO Messenger, 96, 7
75. Kwan J. and Krolik J.H. 1981, ApJ 250, 478
76. Leech K.J., Penston M.V., and Snijders M.A.J., 1991, MNRAS 249, 24P
77. Lindblad P.A.B., Lindblad P.O. and Athanassoula E. 1996, A&A 313, 65L
78. Longo G., Vio R., Paura P., Provenzale A. and Rifatto A. 1996, A&A 312, 424
79. Lyutyi V.M., and Oknyanskii V.L. 1989, Sov.Astron. 31(3), 245
80. Maciejewski W. and Sparke L. S., 1997, ApJ 484, L117
81. Magorrian J., Tremaine S., Richstone D., et al., 1998, AJ 115, 2285
82. Maisack M., Johnson W.N., Kinzer R.L., et al. 1993, ApJ 407, L61
83. Malkan M. A. and Sargent W. L. W. 1982, ApJ 254, 22
84. Malkov Yu. F., Pronik V. I. and Sergeev S. G. 1997, A&A, 324, 904
85. Maoz D., Netzer H., Mazeh T., Beck S., Almoznino E. et al., 1991, ApJ 367, 493
86. Martel A.R., 1998, ApJ 508, 657
87. Merkulova N., Metik L. and Pronik V. I. 1999, AJ 117, 2177
88. Morgan W.W. 1969, ApJ 153, 27
89. Morse J.A., Wilson A.S., Elvis A. and Weaver K.A. 1995, ApJ 439, 121
90. Mundell C.G., Pedlar A., Baum S.A., O'Dea C.P., Gallimore J.F. and Brinks E. 1995, MNRAS 272, 355
91. Mundell C.G. and Shone D.L., 1999, MNRAS 304, 475
92. Mundell C.G., Pedlar A., Shone D.L. and Robinson A., 1999, MNRAS 304, 481
93. Mundell C.G., Wrobel J., Pedlar A., and Gallimore J., 1998, 191st AAS Meeting Washington DC page 1252 abstract 25.04
94. Murray, N., Chiang J., Grossman S. A. and Voit G. M. 1995, ApJ 451, 498
95. Murray, N. and Chiang J. 1997, ApJ 474, 91
96. Nagar N.M., and Wilson A.S., 1999, ApJ 516, 97
97. Nandra K., Clavel J., Edelson R.A., George I.M., Malkan M.A., Mushotzky R.F., Peterson B.M. and Turner T.J. 1998, ApJ 505, 594
98. Narlikar J. and Arp H.C. 1993, ApJ 405, 51
99. Narlikar J. and Subramanian K. 1985, A&A 151, 264
100. Nelson C.H., Weistrop D., Hutchings J.B. et al. 1999, ApJ in press
101. Netzer H. 1987, MNRAS 225, 55
102. Ondrechen M.P., van der Hulst J.M. and Hummel E. 1989, ApJ 342, 39
103. Parsons A.M., Gehrels N., Paciesas W.S., et al., 1998, ApJ 501, 608
104. Pedlar A., Howley P., Axon D.J., and Unger S.W., 1992, MNRAS 259, 36
105. Pedlar A., Kukula M.J., Longley D.P.T., et al., 1993, MNRAS 263, 471
106. Pedlar A., Fernandez B., Hamilton N.G., Redman M.P., and Dewdney P.E., 1998, MNRAS 300, 1071
107. Penston M.V., Clavel J., Snijders M.A.J., Boksenberg A. and Fosbury R.A.E. 1979, MNRAS 189, 45P
108. Penston M.V., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Clavel J., Elvius A., Gondhalekar P.M., Jordan C., et al., 1981, MNRAS 196, 857
109. Penston M.V., Robinson A., Alloin D., Appenzeller I., Arelxaga I., et al. 1990, A&A 236, 53
110. Peréz-Fournon J. M. & Wilson A. S. 1990, ApJ 356, 456
111. Perola G.C., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Clavel J., Elvis M., Elvius A., et al. 1982, MNRAS 200, 293
112. Perola G.C. and Piro L. 1994, A&A 281, 7
113. Perola G.C., Piro L., Altamore A., Flore F., Boksenberg A., Penston M.V., et al. 1986, ApJ 306, 508
114. Peterson B.M. 1993, PASP 105, 247
115. Piro L., Nicastro F., Feroci M., Grandi P., Parmar A. et al., 1998, Nuclear Physics B 69/1-3 page 481
116. Piro L. et al., 1998, in COSPAR Symposium on Broad-Band Spectroscopy of Compact Objects Nagoya, July 1998, Adv. Sp. Res., Makishima M., Piro L. and Takahashi T. eds.
117. Pounds K.A. et al., 1985, Space Sci. Rev. 40, 585
118. Radecke H.-D. 1997, A&A 319, 18
119. Regan M.W. and Mulchaey J.S. 1999, AJ 117, 2676
120. Robinson A. Vila-Vilaró B. Axon D.J. et al., 1994, A&A 291, 351
121. Rokaki E., Collin-Souffrin S. and Magnan C. 1993, A&A 272, 8
122. Roy A.L., Colbert E.J.M., Wilson A.S., and Ulvestad J.S., 1998, ApJ 504, 147
123. Sandage A. and Bedke J. 1988, Atlas of Galaxies Useful for Measuring the Cosmological Distance Scale. NASA SP-496
124. Schmidt G. D., and Miller J. S., 1980, ApJ 240, 759
125. Schulz H. 1985, A&A 143, 29
126. Schulz H. 1987, A&A 178, 7
127. Schulz H. and Komossa S. 1993, A&A 278, 29
128. Seyfert C. K. 1943, ApJ 97, 28
129. Shlosman I. Begelman M.C. and Frank J. 1990, Nat 345, 679
130. Shakura N.I., and Sunyaev R.A. 1973, A&A 24, 337
131. Simkin S. 1975, ApJ 200, 567
132. Souffrin S. 1967, AJ 73, 897
133. Sturm E., Alexander T., Lutz D., Sternberg A., Netzer H. and Genzel R. 1999, ApJ 512, 197
134. Sulentic J.W., Arp H.C. and di Tullio G.A. 1978, ApJ 220, 47
135. Sulentic J.W. 1995, ApJ 445, L85
136. Sunyaev R.A. and Titarchuk L.G. 1980, A&A 86, 121
137. Svensson R. 1983, ApJ 270, 300
138. Svensson R. 1984, MNRAS 209, 175
139. Tagliaferri G., et al. 1996, ApJ 465, 181
140. Taniguchi Y. 1999, ApJ 524, 65
141. Ulrich M.-H. 1973, ApJ 181, 51
142. Ulrich M.-H., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Clavel J., Elvius A., et al., 1984, MNRAS 206, 221
143. Ulrich M.-H., Altamore A., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Clavel J., Elvius A., et al. 1985, Nat 313, 745
144. Ulrich M.-H., Boksenberg A., Bromage G. E., Clavel J., Elvius A., et al., 1991, ApJ 382, 483
145. Ulrich M.-H. and Horne K. 1996, MNRAS 283, 748
146. Ulrich M.-H., Maraschi L. and Urry C.M. 1997, ARAA 35, 445
147. Ulvestad J. S., Roy A.L. Colbert E.J.M., and Wilson A.S., 1998, ApJ 496, 196
148. Van Groningen E. 1987, A&A 186, 103
149. Vermeulen R.C., Readhead A.C.S. and Backer D.C. 1994, ApJ 430, L41
150. Vila-Vilaró B., Robinson A., Pérez E., Axon D.J., Baum S.A., González-Delgado R.M., Pedlar A., Pérez-Fournon I., Perry J.J., and Tadhunter C.N., 1995, A&A 302, 58
151. Wandel A. and Liang E.P. 1991, 380, 84
152. Wanders I., and Peterson B. M., 1996, ApJ 466, 174
153. Warwick R.S., Smith D.A., Yaqoob T., Edelson R., and Johnson W. N. 1996, ApJ 470, 349
154. Weaver K.A., Yaqoob T., Holt S. et al. 1994, ApJ 436, L27
155. Weymann R.J., Morris S.L., Gray M.E. and Hutchings J.B. 1997, ApJ 483, 717
156. Wilkes B.J. 1984, MNRAS 207, 73
157. Wills B.J., Netzer H. and Wills D. 1985, ApJ 288, 94
158. Wilson A. S., and Ulvestad J. S. 1982, ApJ 263, 576
159. Winge C., Axon D.J., Macchetto F.D., and Capetti A., 1997, ApJ 487, L121
160. Winge C., Axon D.J., Macchetto F.D., and Capetti A. and Marconi A. 1999, ApJ 519, 134
161. Yaqoob T., and Warwick R.S. 1991, MNRAS 248, 773
162. Yaqoob T., and Warwick R.S. et al. 1993, MNRAS 262, 435
163. Yaqoob T., Edelson R., Weaver K.A., Mushotzky R.F. et al., 1995, ApJ 453, L81
164. Zdziarski A.A. and Magdziarz P. 1996, MNRAS 279, L21
165. Zdziarski A.A., Johnson W.N. and Magdziarz P. 1996, MNRAS 283, 193