Comparison of photo-oxidative degradation of polyamide 6,6 films stabilized with HALS and CuCl2+KI mixtures

Polymer

Volumn 46, Issue 13, 2005, Pages 4571-4583

  Cerruti, Pierfrancesco ^a,b   Lavorgna, Marino ^c   Carfagna, Cosimo ^a,b   Nicolais, Luigi ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^b Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologia dei Polimeri   (Italy)

^c CNR   (Italy)

Author keywords

Copper chloride and potassium iodide; HALS stabilizers; Polyamide photo oxidation

Indexed keywords

AMINES; ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; CHEMICAL MODIFICATION; CHLORIDE MINERALS; DUCTILITY; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MIXTURES; MORPHOLOGY; PHOTODEGRADATION; PHOTOOXIDATION; POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS; THIN FILMS;

CUPRIC CHLORIDE; HINDERED AMINE LIGHT STABILIZER (HALS); INORGANIC MIXTURES; PHOTO-OXIDATIVE STABILITY;

POLYAMIDES;

FILM;

EID: 18844415069     PISSN: 00323861     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.065     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. A. Ciaperoni, and A. Mula Chimica e Tecnologia delle Poliammidi 2001 Pacini editore Pisa, Italy [chapter 2]
2. C.H. Do, E.M. Pearce, B.J. Bulkin, and H.K. Reimschuessel FT-IR spectroscopic study on the photo- and photooxidative degradation of nylons J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym Chem 25 8 1987 2301 2321
3. C.H. Do, E.M. Pearce, B.J. Bulkin, and H.K. Reimschuessel FT-IR spectroscopic study on the thermal and thermal oxidative degradation of nylons J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym Chem 25 8 1987 2409 2424
4. B. Lánská, L. Matisová-Rychlá, and J. Rychlý Stabilization of polyamides IV. Thermo-oxidation of hexano-6-lactam in the presence of alkali metal salts Polym Degrad Stab 87 2 2005 361 373
5. J. Lemaire, R. Arnaud, and J.L. Gardette The role of hydroperoxides in photooxidation of polyolefins, polyamides and polyurethane elastomers Pure Appl Chem 55 10 1983 1603 1614
6. N.S. Allen Thermal and photo-chemical oxidation of nylon 66. Some aspects of the importance of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups and hydroperoxides Polym Degrad Stab 8 1 1984 55 62
7. P. Gijsman, G. Meijers, and G. Vitarelli Comparison of the UV-degradation chemistry of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide 6 and polybutylene terephthalate Polym Degrad Stab 65 3 1999 433 441
8. B. Lanska R. Puffr V. Kubanek Lactam based polyamides, I 1991 CRC press London [chapter 7]
9. A. Roger, D. Sallet, and J. Lemaire Photochemistry of aliphatic polyamides. 4. Mechanisms of photooxidation of polyamides 6, 11, and 12 at long wavelengths Macromolecules 19 3 1986 579 584
10. B. Lánská, and J. Šebenda The effect of carboxylic and basic end-groups on the thermooxidation of hydrolytic polymers of lactams Eur Polym J 22 3 1986 199 202
11. S. Carroccio, C. Puglisi, and G. Montaudo MALDI investigation of the photooxidation of nylon-66 Macromolecules 37 2004 6037 6049
12. B. Lánská Stabilization of polyamides. I. The efficiency of antioxidants in polyamide Polym Degrad Stab 53 1996 89 98
13. F. Gugumus R. Gächter H. Muller Plastics additives 3rd ed 1990 Hanser Munich 1 104
14. V.W. Bowry, and K.U. Ingold Kinetics of nitroxide radical trapping. 2. Structural effects J Am Chem Soc 114 13 1992 4992 4996
15. P. Dunn, and G.F. Samsom The stress cracking of polyamides by metal salts. Part I. Metal halides J Appl Polym Sci 13 1969 1641 1655
16. L.C. Chao, and E.P. Chang Interaction of anhydrous ferric chloride with nylon 6 J Appl Polym Sci 26 1981 603 610
17. A. Siegmann, and Z. Baraam Nylon-6 containing metal halides II: tensile properties Polym Eng Sci 21 4 1981 223 226
18. P. Cerruti, J. Rychly, L. Matisova-Rychla, and C. Carfagna Chemiluminescence from oxidation of polyamide 6,6 II. The effect of metal salts Polym Degrad Stab 84 2 2004 199 206
19. K. Janssen, P. Gijsman, and D. Tummers Mechanistic aspects of the stabilization of polyamides by combinations of metal and halogen salts Polym Degrad Stab 49 1 1995 127 133
20. N.S. Allen, J.F. McKellar, and D. Wilson Luminescence and degradation of nylon polymers II: quenching of fluorescent and phosphorescent species J Photochem 7 1977 319 324
21. L.J. Broadbelt, M.T. Klein, B.D. Dean, and S.M. Andrews Thermal degradation of aliphatic-aromatic polyamides: kinetics of N,N′- dihexylisophthalamiide neat and in presence of copper iodide J Appl Polym Sci 56 7 1995 803 815
22. R.D. Mair, and A.J. Graupner Determination of organic peroxides by iodine liberation procedures Anal Chem 36 1 1964 194 204
23. D.J. Carlsson, and J. Lacoste A critical comparison of methods for hydroperoxide measurement in oxidized polyolefins Polym Degrad Stab 32 3 1991 377 386
24. P.R. Paolino Antioxidants J.T. Lutz Thermoplatic polymer additives. Theory and practice 1989 Marcel Dekker New York 15
25. H. Zweifel Plastics additives handbook 2001 Hanser Publishers Munich p. 80
26. N.S. Allen, M. Edge, T. Corrales, and F. Catalina Stabiliser interactions in the thermal and photooxidation of titanium dioxide pigmented polypropylene films Polym Degrad Stab 61 1998 139 149
27. J. Malík, and G. Ligner Hindered amine light stabilizers: introduction G. Pritchard Plastic additives. An A-Z reference 1998 Chapman & Hall London 357
28. A. Siegmann, and Z. Baraam Melting and crystallization of nylon 6 containing copper chloride J Appl Polym Sci 25 6 1980 1137 1143
29. F.J. Hybart, and J.D. Platt The melting of 66 nylon: observations by differential thermal analysis J Appl Polym Sci 11 1967 1449 1460
30. A. Jain, and K. Vijayan Effect of thermal aging on nylon 6,6 fibres J Mater Sci 37 13 2002 2623 2633
31. F. Khabbaz, A.C. Albertsson, and S. Karlsson Chemical and morphological changes of environmentally degradable polyethylene films exposed to thermo-oxidation Polym Degrad Stab 63 1 1999 127 138
32. P.N. Thanki, and R.P. Singh Photo-oxidative degradation of nylon 66 under accelerated weathering Polymer 39 25 1998 6363 6367
33. H.J. Oswald, and A. Turi Deterioration of polypropylene by oxidative degradation Polym Eng Sci 5 3 1965 152 158
34. L. Ogier, M.S. Rabello, and J.R. White Influence of morphology and surface preparation on the weatherability of polypropylene J Mater Sci 30 9 1995 2364 2376
35. P.A. Eriksson, P. Boydell, K. Eriksson, J.A.E. Manson, and A.C. Albertsson Effect of thermal-oxidative aging on mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties of recycled polyamide 66 J Appl Polym Sci 65 8 1997 1619 1630
36. G. Rytz, R. Hilfiker, E. Schmidt, and A. Schmitter Introduction to a new class of high-performance light stabilizers and the influence of light stabilizers structure on the polymer's life time Angew Makromol Chem 247 1997 213 224
37. H. Zweifel Stabilization of polymeric materials 1997 Springer Heidelberg [chapter 2]
38. N.C. Billingham, P. Prentice, and T.J. Walker Some effects of morphology on oxidation and stabilization of polyolefins J Polym Sci Polym Symp 57 1976 287 297
39. H. Soto-Valdez, and J.W. Gramshaw Cyclopentanone and cyclopentanone derivatives as degradation products of polyamide 6,6 J Mater Sci Lett 19 10 2000 823 825
40. M. Groning, and M. Hakkarainen Headspace solid-phase microextraction - a tool for new insights into the long-term thermo-oxidation mechanism of polyamide 6.6 J Chromatogr A 932 1-2 2001 1 11
41. M. Groning, and M. Hakkarainen Headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry reveals a correlation between the degradation product pattern and changes in the mechanical properties during the thermooxidation of in-plant recycled polyamide 6,6 J Appl Polym Sci 86 13 2002 3396 3407
42. L. Tang, D. Sallet, and J. Lemaire Photochemistry of polyundecanamides. 1. Mechanisms of photooxidation at short and long wavelengths Macromolecules 15 5 1982 1432 1437
43. J.L. Philippart, C. Sinturel, R. Arnaud, and J.L. Gardette Influence of the exposure parameters on the mechanism of photooxidation of polypropylene Polym Degrad Stab 64 2 1999 213 225
44. D. Fromageot, A. Roger, and J. Lemaire Thermooxidation yellowing of aliphatic polyamides Angew Makromol Chem 170 1989 71 85
45. A. Roger, D. Sallet, and J. Lemaire Photochemistry of aliphatic polyamides. 3. Mechanisms of photooxidation of polyamides 6, 11, and 12 at short wavelength Macromolecules 18 9 1985 1771 1775
46. W.H. Sharkey, and W.E. Mochel Mechanism of the photooxidation of amides J Am Chem Soc 81 1959 3000 3005
47. T. Karstens, and V. Rossbach Thermooxidative degradation of polyamide 6 and 6,6. Kinetics of the formation and inhibition of UV/VIS-active chromophores Makromol Chem 190 12 1989 3033 3053
48. P. Marechal, R. Legras, and J.M. Dekoninck Postcondensation and oxidation processes in molten polyamide 6 J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym Chem 31 1993 2057 2067
49. Y.P. Khanna, and E.M. Pearce Aromatic polyamides. V. Substitution effect on thermal properties J Appl Polym Sci 27 1982 2053 2064
50. L. Costa, A.M. Gad, G. Camino, G.G. Cameron, and M.Y. Qureshi Thermal and thermooxidative degradation of poly(ethylene oxide)-metal salt complexes Macromolecules 25 1992 5512 5518
51. S.V. Levchik, E.D. Weil, and M. Lewin Thermal decomposition of aliphatic nylons Polym Int 48 7 1999 532 557
52. P. Gijsman, D. Tummers, and K. Janssen Differences and similarities in the thermooxidative degradation of polyamide 46 and 66 Polym Degrad Stab 49 1 1995 121 125
53. P.A. Eriksson, P. Boydell, K. Eriksson, J.A.E. Maanson, and A.C. Albertsson Effect of thermal-oxidative aging on mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties of recycled polyamide 66 J Appl Polym Sci 65 8 1997 1619 1630
54. P.N. Thanki, C. Ramesh, and R.P. Singh Photo-irradiation induced morphological changes in nylon 66 Polymer 42 2 2001 535 538
55. P. Delprat, X. Duteurtre, and J.L. Gardette Photooxidation of unstabilized and HALS-stabilized polyphasic ethylene-propylene polymers Polym Degrad Stab 50 1 1995 1 12
56. P.P. Klemchuk, and M.E. Gande Stabilization mechanisms of hindered amines Polym Degrad Stab 22 3 1988 241 274
57. P.P. Klemchuk, M.E. Gande, and E. Cordola Hindered amine mechanisms. Part III. Investigations using isotopic labeling Polym Degrad Stab 27 1 1990 65 74
58. A.L. Tsvankina, P.T. Dubovik, A.N. Neverov, and V.S. Papkov Thermal aging of poly(dodecaneamide) in wet atmosphere Polym Sci USSR 26 2 1984 423 431
59. G.W. Harding, and B.J. MacNulty High temperature resistance and thermal degradation of polymers, SCI monograph, 13 1961 SCI London p. 392
60. N.N. Pavlov, G.A. Kudryavtseva, I.M. Abramova, V.A. Vasil'eva, L.A. Zezina, and L.G. Kazaryan Structural and chemical changes in aliphatic polyamides during artificial aging Polym Degrad Stab 24 4 1989 389 397