Primary prevention of sexually transmitted disease: Applying the ABC strategy

Postgraduate Medical Journal

Volumn 81, Issue 955, 2005, Pages 299-301

  Genuis, S J ^a,b   Genuis, S K ^a  

^a University of Alberta ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSTINENCE; ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; CONDOM; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PROSTITUTION; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SAFE SEX; SEROPREVALENCE; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; UGANDA;

CONDOMS; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MALE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEXUAL PARTNERS; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES; UNSAFE SEX;

EID: 18844405973     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2004.026039     Document Type: Review

References (39)

1. Warkawski KA, Levine WC. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2002. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recamm Rep 2002;51:1-78.
2. Fentan K, Giesecke J, Hamers FF. Europe-wide surveillance far sexually transmitted infections: a timely and appropriate intervention. Euro Surveill 2001;6:69-70.
3. Weiss RA, Adler MW, Rawland-Jones SL. The changing face of HIV and AIDS: preface. Br Med Bull 2001;58:1-2.
4. Workowski KA, Levine WC, Wasserheit JN. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases: an opportunity to unify clinical and public health practice. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:255-62.
5. Hagle J, Green EC, Nantulya V, et al. What happened in Uganda? Declining HIV prevalence, behavior change, and the national response. Washington DC: US Agency for International Development, Office of HIV/AIDS, Bureau of Global Health, 2002.
6. Shelton AJ, Halperin DT, Nantulya V, et al. Partner reduction is crucial for balanced "ABC" approach to HIV prevention. BMJ 2004;328:891-4.
7. Anon. Uganda tackles AIDS from the very top down. AIDS Alert 1999;14(suppl 8):3-4.
8. Stoneburner RL, Low-Beer D. Population-level HIV declines and behavioral risk avoidance in Uganda. Science 2004;304:714-18.
9. Genuis SJ, Genuis SK. Adolescent behaviour should be priority. BMJ 2004;328:894.
10. Wilson D. Partner reduction and the prevention of HIV/AIDS. BMJ 2004;328:848-9.
11. Stammers TG. Abstinence under fire. Postgrad Med J 2003;79:365-6.
12. Collins S, Mazloomzadeh S, Winter H, et al. High incidence of cervical human papillomavirus infection in women during their first sexual relationship. B J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;109:96-8.
13. Warner L, Clay-Warner J, Boles J, et al. Assessing condom use practices. Implications for evaluating method and user effectiveness. Sex Transm Dis 1998;25:273-7.
14. Genuis SJ, Genuis SK. Orgasm without organisms: science or propaganda? Clin Pediatr 1996;35:10-17.
15. de Vincenzi I. A longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by heterosexual partners. European Study Group on Heterosexual Transmission of HIV. N Engl J Med 1994;331:341-6.
16. Lertpiriyasuwat C, Plipat T, Jenkins RA. A survey of sexual risk behavior for HIV infection in Nakhonsawan, Thailand, 2001. AIDS 2003;17:1969-76.
17. Weisman CS, Plichta S, Nathanson CA, et al. Consistency of condom use for disease prevention among adolescent users of oral contraceptives. Fam Plann Perspect 1991;23:71-4.
18. Hausser D, Michaud PA. Does a condom-promoting strategy (the Swiss STOP-AIDS campaign) modify sexual behavior among adolescents? Pediatrics 1994;93:580-5.
19. Bankole A, Darroch JE, Singh S. Determinants of trends in condom use in the United States, 1988-1995. Fam Plann Perspect 1999;31:264-71.
20. Ahmed S, Lutalo T, Wawer M, et al. HIV incidence and sexually transmitted disease prevalence associated with condom use: a population study in Rakai, Uganda. AIDS 2001;15:2171-9.
21. Rojanapithayakorn W, Hanenberg R. The 100% condom program in Thailand. AIDS 1996;10:1-7.
22. Hanenberg RS, Rajanapithayakorn W, Kunasol P, et al. Impact of Thailand's HIV-control programme as indicated by the decline of sexually transmitted diseases. Lancet 1994;344:243-5.
23. Pisani E, Garnett GP, Grassly NC, et al. Back to basics in HIV prevention: focus on exposure. BMJ 2003;326:1384-7.
24. Green EC, Conde A. Sexual partner reduction and HIV infection. Sex Transm Infect 2000;76:145.
25. Kilmarx PH, Palanuvej T, Limpakarnjanarat K, et al. Seroprevalence of HIV among female sex workers in Bangkok: evidence of ongoing infection risk after the "100% condom program" was implemented. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999;21:313-16.
26. Paz-Bailey G, Kilmorx PH, Supawitkul S, et al. Risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases in northern Thai adolescents: an audio-computer-assisted self-interview with noninvasive specimen collection. Sex Transm Dis 2003;30:320-6.
27. Thato S, Charron-Prochownik D, Dorn LD, et al. Predictors of condom use among adolescent Thai vocational students. J Nurs Scholarsh 2003;35:157-63.
28. Dehne KL, Riedner G. Sexually transmitted infections among adolescents: the need for adequate health services. Reprod Health Matters 2001;17:170-83.
29. Giovannelli L, Campisi G, Lama A, et al. Human papillomavirus DNA in oral mucosal lesions. J Infect Dis 2002;185:833-6.
30. Edwards S, Carne C. Oral sex and the transmission of viral STIs. Sex Transm Infect 1998;74:6-10.
31. Sonenstein FL, Pleck JH, Ku LC. Levels of sexual activity among adolescent males in the United States. Fam Plann Perspect 1991;23:162-7.
32. Greenberg J, Magder L, Aral S. Age at first coitus. A marker for risky sexual behavior in women. Sex Transm Dis 1992;19:331-4.
33. Wasserheit JN. Effect of changes in human ecology and behavior on patterns of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:2430-5.
34. Santelli JS, Brener ND, Lowry R, et al. Multiple sexual partners among U.S. adolescents and young adults. Fam Plann Perspect 1998;30:271-5.
35. Genuis S, Genuis SK. Teen sex: reality check. Edmonton, Alberta: Winfield House Publishing, 2002.
36. Centres for Disease Control. The global HIV and AIDS epidemic, 2001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2001;50:434-9.
37. Allen A. Sex change. The New Republic 2002;226:14-15.
38. Adetunji J, Meekers D. Consistency in condom use in the context of HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe. J Biosoc Sci 2001;33:121-38.
39. Fact list. AIDS: focus on Africa. Can Med Assoc J 2002;167:529.