Periodic finite-difference time-domain analysis of loaded transmission-line negative-refractive-index metamaterials

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

Volumn 53, Issue 4 II, 2005, Pages 1488-1494

  Kokkinos, Titos ^a   Sarris, Costas D ^a   Eleftheriades, George V ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Dispersion; Finite difference time domain (FDTD); Negative refractive index (NRI)

Indexed keywords

DOPPLER EFFECT; ELECTROMAGNETIC DISPERSION; FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD; MAXWELL EQUATIONS; REFRACTIVE INDEX; TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS; TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY;

FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN (FDTD); MODAL PATTERNS; NEGATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX (NRI); PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER (PML);

METAMAGNETISM;

EID: 18744366408     PISSN: 00189480     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2005.845197     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. V. G. Veselago, "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ," Soviet Phys.-Usp., vol. 10, pp. 509-514, 1968.
2. J. B. Pendry, "Negative refraction makes a perfect lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 3966-3969, Oct. 2000.
3. D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, "Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 78, pp. 2933-2936, Oct. 2000.
4. A. K. Iyer and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Negative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D waves," in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Seattle, WA, Jun. 2-7, 2002, pp. 1067-1070.
5. G. V. Eleftheriades, A. K. Iyer, and P. C. Kremer, "Planar negative refractive index media using periodically loaded transmission lines," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 2702-2712, Dec. 2002.
6. C. Caloz, C.-C. Chang, and T. Itoh, "Full-wave verification of the fundamental properties of left-handed materials in waveguide configurations," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 90, no. 11, pp. 5483-5486, Dec. 2001.
7. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Growing evanescent waves in negative-refractive-index transmission-line media," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, no. 12, pp. 1815-1817, Mar. 2003.
8. _, "Dispersion analysis of a microstrip based negative refractive index periodic structure," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 155-157, Apr. 2003.
9. S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Refraction in media with a negative refractive index," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, no. 10, p. 107 402, Mar. 2003.
10. S. A. Cummer, "Dynamics of causal beam refraction in negative refractive index materials," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, 2003.
11. _, "Simulated causal sub wavelength focusing by a negative refractive index slab," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, p. 1503, 2003.
12. R. Ziolkowski and E. Heyman, "Wave propagation in media having negative permittivity and permeability," Phys. Rev. E, Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Top., vol. 64, p. 056 625, 2001.
13. S. A. Cummer, "Perfectly matched layer behavior in negative refractive index materials," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 3, pp. 172-175, 2004.
14. P. M. So and W. J. R. Hoefer, "Time domain modeling of metamaterials with negative refractive index," in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Ft. Worth, TX, Jun. 6-11, 2004, pp. 1779-1782.
15. T. Kokkinos, R. Islam, C. D. Sarris, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Rigorous analysis of negative refractive index metamaterials using FDTD with embedded lumped elements," in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Ft. Worth, TX, Jun. 6-12, 2004, pp. 1783-1786.
16. S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery, and T. Van Duzer, Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics, 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 1994.
17. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "A backward-wave antenna based on negative refractive index L-C networks," in IEEE Int. AP-S Symp., vol. 4, San Antonio, TX, Jun. 16-21, 2002, pp. 340-343.
18. C. Caloz, H. Okabe, H. Iwai, and T. Itoh, "Transmission line approach of left-handed materials," in USNC/URSI Nat. Radio Science Meeting, San Antonio, TX, Jun. 16-21, 2002, p. 39.
19. A. A. Oliner, "A periodic-structure negative-refractive-index medium without resonant elements," in USNC/URSI Nat. Radio Science Meeting, San Antonio, TX, Jun. 16-21, 2002, p. 41.
20. W. Sui, D. A. Christensen, and C. H. Durney, "Extending the two-dimensional FDTD method to hybrid electromagnetic systems with active and passive lumped elements," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 724-730, Apr. 1992.
21. M. Picket-May, B. Houshmand, and T. Itoh, "High speed electronic circuits with active and passive lumped elements," in Computational Electrodynamics : The Finite Difference Time Domain Method, A. Taflove and S. Hagness, Eds. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1995, ch. 15.
22. G. V. Eleftheriades, O. Siddiqui, and A. K. Iyer, "Transmission line models for negative refractive index media and associated implementations without excess resonators," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 51-53, Feb. 2003.
23. K. Sarabandi and H. Mosallaei, "Embedded-circuit meta-materials for novel design of tunable electro-ferromagnetic permeability, band-gap and bi-anisotropic media," in Proc. IEEE AP-S Symp., 2003, pp. 355-358.
24. A. Taflove and S. Hagness, "Analysis of periodic structures," in Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite Difference Time Domain Method. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1995, ch. 13.
25. P. Harms, R. Mittra, and W. Ko, "Implementation of the periodic boundary condition in the finite-difference time-domain algorithm for FSS structures," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1317-1324, Sep. 1994.
26. L. Brillouin, Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures: Electric Filters and Crystal Lattices, 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1946.
27. A. K. Iyer, P. C. Kremer, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Experimental and theoretical verification of focusing in a large periodically loaded transmission line negative refractive index metamaterial," Opt. Express, vol. 11, pp. 696-708, Apr. 2003.
28. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Negative refraction, growing evanescent waves and sub-diffraction imaging in loaded transmission line metamaterials," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, no. 12, pp. 2297-2305, Dec. 2003.
29. _, "Overcoming the diffraction limit with a planar left-handed transmission line lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, no. 11, pp. 117 403-??? ???, Mar. 2004.
30. A. Sanada, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Characteristics of the composite right/left-handed transmission lines," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 68-70, Feb. 2004.
31. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Periodic analysis of a 2-D negative refractive index transmission line structure," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2604-2611, Oct. 2003.