Observation of nuclear fusion driven by a pyroelectric crystal

Nature

Volumn 434, Issue 7037, 2005, Pages 1115-1117

  Naranjo, B ^a   Gimzewski, J K ^a   Putterman, S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; ELECTROSTATICS; NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS; PYROELECTRICITY; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS;

COULOMB EXPLOSIONS; FUSION RESEARCH; PYROELECTRIC CRYSTALS; ROOM TEMPERATURE;

FUSION REACTIONS;

DEUTERIUM;

ASTRONOMY;

ALPHA RADIATION; ARTICLE; CRYSTAL; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; ELECTROSTATIC FIELD; HEATING; LASER; NEUTRON; NEUTRON RADIATION; NUCLEAR ENERGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTON RECOIL SPECTROSCOPY; PULSE SHAPE ANALYSIS; PYROELECTRIC CRYSTAL; ROOM TEMPERATURE; SOLID STATE; SPECTROSCOPY; TECHNOLOGY; TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY;

EID: 18644382656     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature03575     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Shimomura, Y. & Spears, W. Review of the ITER project. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 14, 1369-1375 (2004).
2. Miller, G. H., Moses, E. I. & Wuest, C. R. The National Ignition Facility: enabling fusion ignition for the 21st century. Nucl. Fusion 44, S228-S238 (2004).
3. Ditmire, T. et al. Nuclear fusion from explosions of femtosecond laser-heated deuterium clusters. Nature 398, 489-492 (1999).
4. Pretzler, G. et al. Neutron production by 200 ml ultrashort laser pulses. Phys. Rev. E 58, 1165-1168 (1998).
5. Taubes, G. Bad Science: The Short Life and Weird Times of Cold Fusion (Random House, New York, 1993).
6. Taleyarkhan, R. P. et al. Evidence for nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitations. Science 295, 1868-1873 (2002).
7. Saltmarsh, M. J. & Shapira, D. Questions regarding nuclear emissions in cavitation experiments. Science 297, 1603 (2002).
8. 3. Phys. Rev. 172, 564-571 (1968).
9. 3. Appl. Phys. Lett. 25, 17-19 (1974).
10. Riege, H. Electron emission from ferroelectrics-a review. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 340, 80-89 (1994).
11. Brownridge, J. D., Shafroth, S. M., Trott, D. W., Stoner, B. R. & Hooke, W. M. Observation of multiple nearly monoenergetic electron production by heated pyroelectric crystals in ambient gas. Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 1158-1159 (2001).
12. Rosenman, G., Shur, D., Krasik, Ya. E. & Dunaevsky, A. Electron emission from ferroelectrics. J. Appl. Phys. 88, 6109-6161 (2000).
13. Ziegler, J. F. The stopping of energetic ions in solids. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 168, 17-24 (1980).
14. Bosch, H. S. & Hale, G. M. Improved formulas for fusion cross-sections and thermal reactivities. Nucl. Fusion 32, 611-631 (1992).
15. Nevins, W. M. Can inertial electrostatic confinement work beyond the ion-ion collisional time scale? Phys. Plasmas 2, 3804-3819 (1995).
16. Farnsworth, P. T. Electric discharge device for producing interactions between nuclei. US Patent No. 3258402 (1966).
17. Farnsworth, P. T. Method and apparatus for producing nuclear-fusion reactions. US Patent No. 3386883 (1968).
18. Hirsch, R. L. Inertial-electrostatic confinement of ionized fusion gases. J. Appl. Phys. 38, 4522-4534 (1967).
19. Mitterauer, J. Micropropulsion for small spacecraft: a new challenge for field effect electric propulsion and microstructured liquid metal ion sources. Surf. Interface Anal. 36, 380-386 (2004).
20. Agostinelli, S. et al. GEANT4 - a simulation toolkit. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 506, 250-303 (2003).
21. Verbinski, V. V. et al. Calibration of an organic scintillator for neutron spectrometry. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 65, 8-25 (1968).