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Volumn 71, Issue 3, 2005, Pages

Macroscopic entanglement of many-magnon states

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MACROSCOPIC ENTANGLEMENT; MANY-BODY STATES; MANY-MAGNON STATES; QUANTUM STATES;

EID: 18544362478     PISSN: 10502947     EISSN: 10941622     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.032317     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (43)
  • 3
    • 18544368019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. Sugita and A. Shimizu, e-print quant-ph/0309217
    • A. Sugita and A. Shimizu, e-print quant-ph/0309217.
  • 23
    • 18544365271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • N→∞f(N)/g(N)=0.
  • 28
    • 0037459348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I. Chiorescu et al., Science 299, 1869 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 1869
    • Chiorescu, I.1
  • 29
    • 18544374527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • For example, a ten-atom molecule can be regarded as a single particle, ten particles, and many more particles (nuclei and electrons), in the energy ranges of ∼μeV, ∼meV, and ∼eV, respectively.
  • 30
    • 18544364982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This statement would be understandable, from the discussion in endnote [31], for macroscopic variables that define equilibrium states. It is worth mentioning that the statement is also true for most macroscopic variables defining nonequilibrium states, such as the electric current density J. That is, the macroscopic current density J must be an average of the microscopic current density j over a macroscopic region. The spatial average introduces a smoothing effect, and J becomes a proper macroscopic variable.
  • 31
    • 0242457128 scopus 로고
    • Some of macroscopic variables, such as the volume and temperature, in thermodynamics cannot be represented as an additive operator. Although the volume is additive, it is usually considered as a boundary condition rather than a quantum-mechanical observable. We follow this convention. Regarding the temperature, it is a nonmechanical variable that can be defined only for equilibrium states. However, we note that at thermal equilibrium a macroscopic state is, hence the values of nonmechanical variables are, uniquely determined by a set of additive observables and the boundary conditions [L. Tisza, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 13, 1 (1961);
    • (1961) Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) , vol.13 , pp. 1
    • Tisza, L.1
  • 32
    • 0004249261 scopus 로고
    • Wiley, New York
    • H. B. Callen, Thermodynamics (Wiley, New York, (1960)]. Therefore if two equilibrium states have distinct values of a nonmechanical variable they must have distinct values of some of the additive observables. It therefore seems that considering additive observables is sufficient.
    • (1960) Thermodynamics
    • Callen, H.B.1
  • 34
    • 18544381442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The index p here is the same as p of Ref. [2], in which normalized additive operators were used instead of additive operators.
  • 40
    • 18544390425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Although other states are possible, they are beyond the scope of the present paper.
  • 41
    • 18544377694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • For spatially homogeneous states, p = 1 implies that the state has the cluster property. This is the case in the present paper because we only study translationally invariant states.
  • 42
    • 18544371864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • † is an approximate eigenstate of a Hamiltonian of a magnet Since an energy eigenstate is a stationary state, it is a state "after all possible propagation is finished." Therefore spatial propagation has already been incorporated into magnon states.
  • 43
    • 18544373904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The generation of entanglement by the Hamilton dynamics was suggested in many works, e.g., Ref. [24].


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.