The negative impact of structural adjustment on sectoral earnings in Nicaragua

Review of Radical Political Economics

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 107-125

  Pisani, Michael J ^a  

^a CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Earnings; Informal sector; LSMS; Nicargua; Structural adjustment

Indexed keywords

EID: 1842811797     PISSN: 04866134     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0486613403035002001     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Arana, M. 1997. General economic policy. In Nicaragua without illusions: Regime transition and structural adjustment in the 1990s, ed. T. W. Walker, 249-64. Wilmington, DE: SR Books.
2. Austin, J. E., and J. C. Ickis. 1986. Managing after the revolutionaries have won. Harvard Business Review 64 (May/June): 103-9.
3. Babb, F. E. 1997. Women, informal economies, and the state in Peru and Nicaragua. In Women and economic change: Andean perspectives, ed. A. Miles and H. Buechler, 89-100. Arlington, VA: The Society of Latin American Anthropology and The American Anthropological Association.
4. Babb, F. E. 2001. After revolution: Mapping gender and cultural politics in neoliberal Nicaragua. Austin: University of Texas Press.
5. Banco de Nicaragua. 1999. Informe anual, 1998. Managua, Nicaragua: Banco Central de Nicaragua.
6. Banco de Nicaragua. 2000a. Empleos del sector público a diciembre de cada año. Retrieved 4 February 2000 from http://www.bcn.gob.ni/economia/menual/, Table III-3.
7. Banco de Nicaragua. 2000b. Producto interno bruto real. Retrieved 4 February 2000 from http://www.bcn.gob.ni/economia/menual/, Table I-2.
8. Banco de Nicaragua. 2000c. Tasas de inflación. Retrieved 4 February 2000 from http://www.bcn.gob.ni/economia/menual/, Table II-3.
9. Benería, L. 1989. Subcontracting and employment dynamics in Mexico City. In The informal economy: Studies in advanced and less developed countries, ed. A. Portes, M. Castells, and L. A. Benton, 173-88. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
10. Berryman, P. 1985. Inside Central America: The essential facts past and present on El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, and Costa Rica. New York: Pantheon.
11. Birch, M. H., and J. Haar, eds. 2000. The impact of privatization in the Americas. Miami, FL: North-South Center Press, University of Miami.
12. Birkbeck, C. 1978. Self-employed proletarians in an informal factory: The case of Cali's garbage dump. World Development 6 (9/10): 1173-85.
13. Booth, J. A. 1982. The end and the beginning: The Nicaraguan revolution. Boulder, CO: Westview.
14. Brown, C. J., J. A. Pagán, and E. Rodríguez-Oreggia. 1999. Occupational attainment and gender earnings differentials in Mexico. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 53 (1): 123-35.
15. Buechler, H., J.-M. Buechler, S. Buechler, and S. Buechler. 1998. Financing small-scale enterprises in Bolivia. In The third wave of modernization in Latin America: Cultural perspectives on neoliberalism, ed. L. Phillips, 83-108. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources.
16. Castells, M., and A. Portes. 1989. World underneath: The origins, dynamics, and effects of the informal economy. In The informal economy: Studies in advanced and less developed countries, ed. A. Portes, M. Castells, and L. A. Benton, 11-37. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
17. Chavez Metoyer, C. 2000. Women and the state in post-Sandinista Nicaragua. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
18. Close, D. 1999. Nicaragua: The Chamorro years. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
19. Corral, L., and T. Reardon. 2001. Rural nonfarm incomes in Nicaragua. World Development 29 (3): 427-42.
20. Devlin, R., and R. Ffrench-Davis. 1999. Towards an evaluation of regional integration in Latin America in the 1990s. World Economy 22 (March): 261-90.
21. DiAddario, S. 1997. Estimating the economic costs of conflict: An examination of the two-gap estimation model for the case of Nicaragua. Oxford Development Studies 25 (1): 123-41.
22. Dijkstra, A. G. 1996. The impact of structural adjustment programs on manufacturing: Lessons from Nicaragua. World Development 24 (3): 535-47.
23. Dos Santos, T. 1970. The structure of dependence. American Economic Review 60 (May): 231-6.
24. Franko, P. 1999. The puzzle of Latin American economic development. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
25. Funkhouser, E. 1996. The urban informal sector in Central America: Household survey evidence. World Development 24 (11): 1731-51.
26. Gindling, T. H., and D. Robbins. 2001. Patterns and sources of changing wage inequality in Chile and Costa Rica during structural adjustment. World Development 29 (4): 725-45.
27. Hart, K. 1970. Small scale entrepreneurs in Ghana and development planning. Journal of Development Planning 6: 104-20.
28. Hart, K. 1973. Informal income opportunities and urban employment in Ghana. Journal of Modern African Studies 11 (1): 61-89.
29. Herman, E. S. 1988. The U.S. economic destabilization of Nicaragua. Review of Radical Political Economics 20 (2&3): 271-6.
30. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. 1999. World development report: Knowledge for development. New York: Oxford University Press.
31. International Labour Organisation. 2000. Latin America and the Caribbean 2000 labour overview. Geneva, Switzerland: ILO Publications. (Available online at http://www.ilolim.org.pe/english/260ameri/publ/panorama/2000)
32. Itzigsohn, J. 2000. Developing poverty: The state, labor market deregulation, and the informal economy in Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
33. Jonakin, J. 1999. The impact of structural adjustment and property rights conflicts on Nicaraguan agrarian reform beneficiaries. World Development 24 (7): 1179-91.
34. Jonakin, J., and M. Stephens. 1999. The impact of structural adjustment and stabilization policies on infrastructure spending in Central America. North American Journal of Economics and Finance 10: 293-308.
35. Kennedy, P. E. 1981. Estimation with correctly interpreted dummy variables in semilogarithmic equations. American Economic Review 71 (4): 801.
36. Khundker, N. 1988. The fuzziness of the informal sector: Can we afford to throw out the baby with the bath water? (A comment). World Development 16 (10): 1263-5.
37. Kidd, M. P., and X. Meng. 1997. Trends in the Australian gender wage differential over the 1980s: Some evidence of the effectiveness of legislative reform. Australian Economic Review 30 (1): 31-44.
38. Nacional Financiera. 2000. Informal sector in the Mexican economy. Special issue of El Mercado de Valores: An Update on Mexico's Economy and Finance (English Edition) 6 (July-August): 3-47.
39. Norsworthy, K. 1990. Nicaragua: A country guide. 2d ed. Albuquerque, NM: Inter-Hemispheric Education Resource Center.
40. Pagán, J. A., and J. A. Tijerina-Guajardo. 2000. Increasing wage dispersion and the changes in relative employment and wages in Mexico's urban informal sector: 1987-1993. Applied Economics 32: 335-47.
41. Pisani, M. J. 2000. Sectoral labor choice in post-revolutionary Nicaragua: The evolution of the informal labor sector in the 1990s. Ph.D. thesis (International Business), University of Texas-Pan American.
42. Portes, A. 1994. The informal economy and its paradoxes. In The handbook of economic sociology, ed. N. J. Smelser and R. Swedberg, 426-49. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
43. Portes, A., and R. Schauffler. 1993. Competing perspectives on the Latin American informal sector. Population and Development Review 19 (March): 33-60.
44. Roberts, B. R. 1989. Employment structure, life cycle, and life chances: Formal and informal sectors in Guadalajara. In The informal economy: Studies in advanced and less developed countries, ed. A. Portes, M. Castells, and L. A. Benton, 11-37. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
45. Robinson, W. I. 1997. Nicaragua and the world: A globalization perspective. In Nicaragua without illusions: Regime transition and structural adjustment in the 1990s, ed. T. W. Walker, 249-64. Wilmington, DE: SR Books.
46. Rocha, J., and J. C. Terán. 1998. Mercado laboral y probreza en Nicaragua [Labor market and poverty in Nicaragua]. In Mercado laboral y pobreza en Centroamérica: Ganadores y perdedores del ajuste estructural [Labor market and poverty in Central America: Winners and losers from structural adjustment], ed. E. Funkhouser and J. P. Perez Sainz, 175-218. San José, Costa Rica: FLASCO.
47. Rothstein, F. 2000. Flexible work and postmodern culture: The impact of globalization on work and culture in rural Mexico. Anthropology of Work Review 21 (1): 3-7.
48. Seligmann, L. J. 1998. Survival politics and the movements of market women in Peru in the age of neoliberalism. In The third wave of modernization in Latin America: Cultural perspectives on neoliberalism, ed. L. Phillips, 65-82. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources.
49. Spalding, R. J. 1994. Capitalists and revolution in Nicaragua: Opposition and accommodation, 1970-1993. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
50. Spalding, R. J. 1997. The economic elite. In Nicaragua without illusions: Regime transition and structural adjustment in the 1990s, ed. T. W. Walker, 249-64. Wilmington, DE: SR Books.
51. Thomas, J. J. 1995. Surviving the city: The urban informal sector in Latin America. London: Pluto.
52. Tokman, V. E. 1989. Policies for a heterogeneous informal sector in Latin America. World Development 17 (7): 1067-76.
53. Tokman, V. E., ed. 1992. Beyond regulation: The informal sector in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
54. Walker, T. W. 1997. Reflections. In Nicaragua without illusions: Regime transition and structural adjustment in the 1990s, ed. T. W. Walker, 297-304. Wilmington, DE: SR Books.
55. Weaver, F. S. 2000. Latin America in the world economy: Mercantile colonialism to global capitalism. Boulder, CO: Westview.
56. Wellington, A. J. 1993. Changes in the male-female wage gap: 1976-85. Journal of Human Resources 28 (2): 383-409.
57. White, H. 1980. A heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroske-dasticity. Econometrica 48 (4): 817-38.
58. White, R. L. 1989. The factors that affected the decision of U.S. MNCs concerning whether to continue or cease business activities in Nicaragua after the 1979 Sandinista revolution. Ph.D. thesis (Political Science), University of Pittsburgh. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Dissertation Services.
59. Wilson, T. D. 1998. Approaches to understanding the position of women workers in the informal sector. Latin American Perspectives 25 (2): 105-19.
60. Wynia, G. W. 1990. The politics of Latin American development. 3d. ed. New York: Cambridge University Press.