메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 83, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 494-517

Communicative language teaching (CLT): Practical understandings

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 1842789098     PISSN: 00267902     EISSN: 15404781     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/0026-7902.00037     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (111)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 33748379317 scopus 로고
    • The textbook as curriculum
    • T. V. Higgs (Ed.), Skokie, IL: National Textbook Company
    • Ariew, R. (1982). The textbook as curriculum. In T. V. Higgs (Ed.), Curriculum, competence and the foreign language teacher (pp. 11-33). Skokie, IL: National Textbook Company.
    • (1982) Curriculum, Competence and the Foreign Language Teacher , pp. 11-33
    • Ariew, R.1
  • 2
    • 3142708318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service/National Board of Employment, Education and Training
    • Australian Language and Literacy Council. (1996). Language teachers: The pivot of policy. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service/National Board of Employment, Education and Training.
    • (1996) Language Teachers: The Pivot of Policy
  • 5
    • 33748823665 scopus 로고
    • Brisbane, QLD, Australia: BSSS
    • Board of Senior Secondary School Studies. (1995). Japanese senior syllabus. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: BSSS.
    • (1995) Japanese Senior Syllabus
  • 8
    • 0002678103 scopus 로고
    • From communicative competence to communicative language pedagogy
    • J. Richards & R. Schmidt (Eds.), London: Longman
    • Canale, M. (1983). From communicative competence to communicative language pedagogy. In J. Richards & R. Schmidt (Eds.), Language and communication (pp. 2-27). London: Longman.
    • (1983) Language and Communication , pp. 2-27
    • Canale, M.1
  • 9
    • 77957216140 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing
    • Canale, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics, 1, 1-47.
    • (1980) Applied Linguistics , vol.1 , pp. 1-47
    • Canale, M.1    Swain, M.2
  • 10
    • 0002805098 scopus 로고
    • Teachers' knowledge and learning to teach
    • W. R. Houston (Ed.), New York: Macmillan
    • Carter, K. (1990). Teachers' knowledge and learning to teach. In W. R. Houston (Ed.), Handbook of research on teacher education (pp. 291-310). New York: Macmillan.
    • (1990) Handbook of Research on Teacher Education , pp. 291-310
    • Carter, K.1
  • 11
    • 84981641831 scopus 로고
    • Grammar pedagogy in second and foreign language teaching
    • Celce-Murcia, M. (1991). Grammar pedagogy in second and foreign language teaching. TESOL Quarterly, 25, 439-480.
    • (1991) TESOL Quarterly , vol.25 , pp. 439-480
    • Celce-Murcia, M.1
  • 12
    • 84933481088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct approaches in L2 instruction: A turning point in communicative language teaching?
    • Celce-Murcia, M., Dornyei, Z., & Thurrell, S. (1997). Direct approaches in L2 instruction: A turning point in communicative language teaching? TESOL Quarterly, 31, 141-152.
    • (1997) TESOL Quarterly , vol.31 , pp. 141-152
    • Celce-Murcia, M.1    Dornyei, Z.2    Thurrell, S.3
  • 13
    • 0002763398 scopus 로고
    • Teachers' thought processes
    • M. Wittrock (Ed.), New York: Macmillan
    • Clark, C. M., & Peterson, P. L. (1986). Teachers' thought processes. In M. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (3rd ed., pp. 255-296). New York: Macmillan.
    • (1986) Handbook of Research on Teaching 3rd Ed. , pp. 255-296
    • Clark, C.M.1    Peterson, P.L.2
  • 14
    • 33748815513 scopus 로고
    • Some experiences with primary school German in Melbourne - A first report
    • Clyne, M. (1977). Some experiences with primary school German in Melbourne - A first report. Babel, 75 (2), 3-9.
    • (1977) Babel , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 3-9
    • Clyne, M.1
  • 16
    • 33748815133 scopus 로고
    • Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Printing Service
    • Committee on the Teaching of Migrant Languages in Schools (CTMLS). (1976). Report of the Committee on the Teaching of Migrant Languages in Schools. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Printing Service.
    • (1976) Report of the Committee on the Teaching of Migrant Languages in Schools
  • 17
    • 84963473498 scopus 로고
    • Why case studies? Reflections on Hord's and Hall's three images
    • Donmoyer, R. (1987). Why case studies? Reflections on Hord's and Hall's three images. Curriculum Inquiry, 17, 91-102.
    • (1987) Curriculum Inquiry , vol.17 , pp. 91-102
    • Donmoyer, R.1
  • 19
    • 53249150242 scopus 로고
    • Research on teachers' knowledge: The evolution of a discourse
    • Elbaz, F. (1991). Research on teachers' knowledge: The evolution of a discourse. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 23, 1-19.
    • (1991) Journal of Curriculum Studies , vol.23 , pp. 1-19
    • Elbaz, F.1
  • 20
    • 8744230557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication: Reflections and implications
    • D. M. Byrd & D. J. McIntyre (Eds.), Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, Inc.
    • Floden, R. E. (1997). Communication: Reflections and implications. In D. M. Byrd & D. J. McIntyre (Eds.), Research on the education of our nation's teachers (pp. 277-284). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, Inc.
    • (1997) Research on the Education of Our Nation's Teachers , pp. 277-284
    • Floden, R.E.1
  • 21
    • 0030306605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preservice elementary teachers' view of pedagogical and mathematical content knowledge
    • Foss, D. H., & Kleinsasser, R. C. (1996). Preservice elementary teachers' view of pedagogical and mathematical content knowledge. Teaching & Teacher Education, 12 (4), 429-442.
    • (1996) Teaching & Teacher Education , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 429-442
    • Foss, D.H.1    Kleinsasser, R.C.2
  • 22
    • 33747948106 scopus 로고
    • Communicative competence and beliefs about language among graduate teaching assistants in French
    • Fox, C. A. (1993). Communicative competence and beliefs about language among graduate teaching assistants in French. Modern Language Journal, 77, 313-324.
    • (1993) Modern Language Journal , vol.77 , pp. 313-324
    • Fox, C.A.1
  • 23
    • 38248998910 scopus 로고
    • Renaming experience/reconstructing practice: Developing new understandings of teaching
    • Freeman, D. (1993). Renaming experience/reconstructing practice: Developing new understandings of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 9 (5/6), 485-497.
    • (1993) Teaching and Teacher Education , vol.9 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 485-497
    • Freeman, D.1
  • 26
    • 84980221467 scopus 로고
    • Using FLES history to plan for the present and future
    • Heining-Boynton, A. L. (1990). Using FLES history to plan for the present and future. Foreign Language Annals, 23, 503-509.
    • (1990) Foreign Language Annals , vol.23 , pp. 503-509
    • Heining-Boynton, A.L.1
  • 29
    • 0010151931 scopus 로고
    • Competence and performance in linguistic theory
    • R. Huxley & E. Ingram (Eds.), London: Academic Press
    • Hymes, D. (1971). Competence and performance in linguistic theory. In R. Huxley & E. Ingram (Eds.), Language acquisition: Models and methods (pp. 3-28). London: Academic Press.
    • (1971) Language Acquisition: Models and Methods , pp. 3-28
    • Hymes, D.1
  • 30
    • 38149148180 scopus 로고
    • The emerging beliefs and instructional practices of preservice English as a second language teachers
    • Johnson, K. E. (1994). The emerging beliefs and instructional practices of preservice English as a second language teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 10, 439-452.
    • (1994) Teaching and Teacher Education , vol.10 , pp. 439-452
    • Johnson, K.E.1
  • 31
    • 84937274195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using attitude scales to investigate teachers' attitudes to the communicative approach
    • Karavas-Doukas, E. (1996). Using attitude scales to investigate teachers' attitudes to the communicative approach. ELT Journal, 50, 187-198.
    • (1996) ELT Journal , vol.50 , pp. 187-198
    • Karavas-Doukas, E.1
  • 32
    • 33748818211 scopus 로고
    • A report on Japanese language teaching in secondary schools in Queensland, Australia
    • Kawagoe, N. (1989). A report on Japanese language teaching in secondary schools in Queensland, Australia. Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, 67, 118-127.
    • (1989) Journal of Japanese Language Teaching , vol.67 , pp. 118-127
    • Kawagoe, N.1
  • 33
    • 65349158098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between theory and practice: Back to the classics
    • Kessels, J. P. A., & Korthagen, F. A. J. (1996). The relationship between theory and practice: Back to the classics. Educational Researcher, 25 (3), 17-22.
    • (1996) Educational Researcher , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 17-22
    • Kessels, J.P.A.1    Korthagen, F.A.J.2
  • 34
    • 84933481378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A discourse approach to the study of language educators' coherence systems
    • Kinginger, C. (1997). A discourse approach to the study of language educators' coherence systems. Modern Language Journal, 81, 6-14.
    • (1997) Modern Language Journal , vol.81 , pp. 6-14
    • Kinginger, C.1
  • 35
    • 38249002548 scopus 로고
    • A tale of two technical cultures: Foreign language teaching
    • Kleinsasser, R. C. (1993). A tale of two technical cultures: Foreign language teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 9, 373-383.
    • (1993) Teaching and Teacher Education , vol.9 , pp. 373-383
    • Kleinsasser, R.C.1
  • 36
    • 33748845395 scopus 로고
    • First Australian seminar on Japanese language teaching
    • Koide, F. (1976). First Australian seminar on Japanese language teaching. Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, 30, 13-37.
    • (1976) Journal of Japanese Language Teaching , vol.30 , pp. 13-37
    • Koide, F.1
  • 38
    • 33747943268 scopus 로고
    • Macrostrategies for the second/foreign language teacher
    • Kumaravadivelu, B. (1992). Macrostrategies for the second/foreign language teacher. Modern Language Journal, 76, 41-49.
    • (1992) Modern Language Journal , vol.76 , pp. 41-49
    • Kumaravadivelu, B.1
  • 39
    • 4043149062 scopus 로고
    • Maximizing learning potential in the communicative classroom
    • Kumaravadivelu, B. (1993). Maximizing learning potential in the communicative classroom. ELT Journal, 47, 12-21.
    • (1993) ELT Journal , vol.47 , pp. 12-21
    • Kumaravadivelu, B.1
  • 40
    • 84982757679 scopus 로고
    • The postmethod condition: (E)merging strategies for second/foreign language teaching
    • Kumaravadivelu, B. (1994). The postmethod condition: (E)merging strategies for second/foreign language teaching. TESOL Quarterly, 28, 27-48.
    • (1994) TESOL Quarterly , vol.28 , pp. 27-48
    • Kumaravadivelu, B.1
  • 41
    • 0005170980 scopus 로고
    • The consequences of INSET
    • Lamb, M. (1995). The consequences of INSET. ELT Journal, 49, 72-80.
    • (1995) ELT Journal , vol.49 , pp. 72-80
    • Lamb, M.1
  • 42
    • 33748189948 scopus 로고
    • The problem of articulation
    • T. V. Higgs (Ed.), Skokie, IL: National Textbook Company
    • Lange, D. L. (1982). The problem of articulation. In T. V. Higgs (Ed.), Curriculum, competence and the foreign language teacher (pp. 113-137). Skokie, IL: National Textbook Company.
    • (1982) Curriculum, Competence and the Foreign Language Teacher , pp. 113-137
    • Lange, D.L.1
  • 45
    • 0009301544 scopus 로고
    • Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Printing Services
    • Lo Bianco, J. (1987). National policy on languages. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Printing Services.
    • (1987) National Policy on Languages
    • Lo Bianco, J.1
  • 46
    • 8744287242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unfinished work: Reflections on Schoolteacher
    • A. Hargreaves, A. Lieberman, M. Fullen, & D. Hopkins (Eds.), Netherlands, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic
    • Lortie, D. C. (1998). Unfinished work: Reflections on Schoolteacher. In A. Hargreaves, A. Lieberman, M. Fullen, & D. Hopkins (Eds.), International handbook of educational change (pp. 145-162). Netherlands, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
    • (1998) International Handbook of Educational Change , pp. 145-162
    • Lortie, D.C.1
  • 47
    • 84973746114 scopus 로고
    • Why triangulate?
    • Mathison, S. (1988). Why triangulate? Educational Researcher, 17 (12), 13-17.
    • (1988) Educational Researcher , vol.17 , Issue.12 , pp. 13-17
    • Mathison, S.1
  • 49
    • 84948039278 scopus 로고
    • The role of beliefs in the practice teaching
    • Nespor, J. (1987). The role of beliefs in the practice teaching. Curriculum Studies, 19, 317-328.
    • (1987) Curriculum Studies , vol.19 , pp. 317-328
    • Nespor, J.1
  • 50
    • 33748831869 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of foreign user situations and the teaching of Japanese: A summary
    • Neustupny, J. V. (1981). The analysis of foreign user situations and the teaching of Japanese: A summary. Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, 45, 105-106.
    • (1981) Journal of Japanese Language Teaching , vol.45 , pp. 105-106
    • Neustupny, J.V.1
  • 51
    • 0002357288 scopus 로고
    • Communicative language teaching: Making it work
    • Nunan, D. (1987). Communicative language teaching: Making it work. ELT Journal, 41, 136-145.
    • (1987) ELT Journal , vol.41 , pp. 136-145
    • Nunan, D.1
  • 52
    • 33748829463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a method course for preservice teachers on beliefs on language learning
    • Okazaki, H. (1996). Effects of a method course for preservice teachers on beliefs on language learning. Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, 89, 25-38.
    • (1996) Journal of Japanese Language Teaching , vol.89 , pp. 25-38
    • Okazaki, H.1
  • 53
    • 84964146442 scopus 로고
    • Teachers' beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct
    • Pajares, M. F. (1992). Teachers' beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of Educational Research, 62, 307-332.
    • (1992) Review of Educational Research , vol.62 , pp. 307-332
    • Pajares, M.F.1
  • 56
    • 84973728374 scopus 로고
    • Significant and worthwhile change in teaching practice
    • Richardson, V. (1990). Significant and worthwhile change in teaching practice. Educational Researcher, 19 (7), 10-18.
    • (1990) Educational Researcher , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 10-18
    • Richardson, V.1
  • 57
    • 84965889483 scopus 로고
    • Conducting research on practice
    • Richardson, V. (1994). Conducting research on practice. Educational Researcher, 23 (5), 5-9.
    • (1994) Educational Researcher , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 5-9
    • Richardson, V.1
  • 58
    • 0002606733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach
    • J. Sikula (Ed.), New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan
    • Richardson, V. (1996). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula (Ed.), Handbook of research on teacher education (2nd ed., pp. 102-119). New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan.
    • (1996) Handbook of Research on Teacher Education 2nd Ed. , pp. 102-119
    • Richardson, V.1
  • 61
    • 84981584638 scopus 로고
    • Communicative language teaching: State of the art
    • Savignon, S. J. (1991). Communicative language teaching: State of the art. TESOL Quarterly, 25, 261-277.
    • (1991) TESOL Quarterly , vol.25 , pp. 261-277
    • Savignon, S.J.1
  • 63
    • 0039092117 scopus 로고
    • Savignon, S. J., & Berns, M. S. (Eds.) Reading, MA: Addison Wesley
    • Savignon, S. J., & Berns, M. S. (Eds.). (1984). Initiatives in communicative language teaching. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
    • (1984) Initiatives in Communicative Language Teaching
  • 64
    • 0039092117 scopus 로고
    • Savignon, S.J., & Berns, M. S. (Eds.). Reading, MA: Addison Wesley
    • Savignon, S.J., & Berns, M. S. (Eds.). (1987). Initiatives in communicative language teaching II. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
    • (1987) Initiatives in Communicative Language Teaching II
  • 66
    • 33747910392 scopus 로고
    • Free to communicate
    • G. Jarvis (Ed.), Skokie, IL: National Textbook Company
    • Schulz, R., & Bartz, W. (1975). Free to communicate. In G. Jarvis (Ed.), Perspective: A new freedom (pp. 47-92). Skokie, IL: National Textbook Company.
    • (1975) Perspective: A New Freedom , pp. 47-92
    • Schulz, R.1    Bartz, W.2
  • 67
    • 33749269699 scopus 로고
    • Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Printing Service
    • Senate. (1984). National language policy. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Government Printing Service.
    • (1984) National Language Policy
  • 68
    • 84973848880 scopus 로고
    • Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching
    • Shulman, L. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, 15 (2), 4-14.
    • (1986) Educational Researcher , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 4-14
    • Shulman, L.1
  • 69
    • 0001797108 scopus 로고
    • Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform
    • Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57, 1-22.
    • (1987) Harvard Educational Review , vol.57 , pp. 1-22
    • Shulman, L.1
  • 73
    • 85040245720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some misconceptions about communicative language teaching
    • Thompson, G. (1996). Some misconceptions about communicative language teaching. ELT Journal, 50, 9-15.
    • (1996) ELT Journal , vol.50 , pp. 9-15
    • Thompson, G.1
  • 74
    • 13744254102 scopus 로고
    • Carlton, VIC, Australia: Curriculum Corporation
    • Vale, D., Scarino, A., & McKay, P. (1991). Pocket ALL. Carlton, VIC, Australia: Curriculum Corporation.
    • (1991) Pocket ALL
    • Vale, D.1    Scarino, A.2    McKay, P.3
  • 76
    • 33748845394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How language teaching is constructed
    • VanPatten, B. (Ed.)
    • VanPatten, B. (Ed.). (1997). How language teaching is constructed [special issue]. Modern Language Journal, 81.
    • (1997) Modern Language Journal , vol.81 , Issue.SPEC. ISSUE
  • 77
    • 84992884189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical analysis of the research on learning to teach: Making the case for an ecological perspective on inquiry
    • Wideen, M., Mayer-Smith, J., & Moon, B. (1998). A critical analysis of the research on learning to teach: Making the case for an ecological perspective on inquiry. Review of Educational Research, 68, 130-178.
    • (1998) Review of Educational Research , vol.68 , pp. 130-178
    • Wideen, M.1    Mayer-Smith, J.2    Moon, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.