Landowners and their estates in the forest of Arden in the fifteenth century

Agricultural History Review

Volumn 45, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 18-33

  Watkins, Andrew ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 1842661660     PISSN: 00021490     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (172)

1. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
2. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
3. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
4. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
5. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
6. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
7. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
8. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
9. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
10. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
11. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
12. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
13. J M W Bean, The Estates of the Percy Family, 1416-1537, 1958, pp 17, 26-7; C C Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, 1980, pp 164-72; R H Hilton, The Economic Development of some Leicestershire Estates in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, 1947, pp 85-8; J A Raftis, Ramsey Abbey, Toronto, 1957, pp 292-5; E Searle, Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu 1066-1538, Toronto, 1974, pp 324-37; J Hatcher, Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300-1500, 1970, pp 148-71; J M W Bean, 'Landlords' in E Miller, ed, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, III, 1348-1500 [hereafter Ag Hist III], 1991, pp 568-74; F R H Du Boulay, 'A rentier economy in the Later Middle Ages: the archbishopric of Canterbury', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XVI, 1963-4, pp 427-38; B J Harris, 'Landlords and tenants in England in the later Middle Ages', Past and Present, XLIII, 1969, pp 146-7; C C Dyer, Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages, 1989, pp 27-48; RAL Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, 1943, pp 12-3; C Rawcliffe, The Staffords, Earls of Stafford and Dukes of Buckingham, 1394-1521, 1978, pp 10, 53, 107, 715, 133; R H Britnell, The Commercialisation of English Society 1000-1500, 1993, pp 197-8.
14. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
15. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
16. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
17. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
18. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
19. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
20. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
21. M M Postan, 'Medieval agrarian society in its prime-England,' in M M Postan, ed, Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I, 2nd ed, 1966, pp 595-6; Hilton, Leicestershire Estates, p 121; C C Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', Midl Hist, I, 1972, pp 1-14; A D Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', AHR, XXXVII, 1989, pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'Society and economy in the northern part of the forest of Arden, Warwickshire, 1350-1540', unpublished PhD thesis, Birmingham University, 1989, pp 124-68; C Carpenter, Locality and Polity, 1992, pp 153-95; C Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry and their estates' in M Jones, ed, Gentry and Lesser Nobility in Later Medieval Europe, Gloucester, 1986, pp 36-60; Ag Hist III, pp 23-4, 575-6.
22. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
23. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
24. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
25. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
26. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
27. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
28. L Toulmin Smith, ed, Leland's Itinery in England and Wales, 1908, p 47. For the fifteenth-century economy of the Arden see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-14; C C Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XXVII, 1981, passim; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-23; A D Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden in the later Middle Ages', Midl Hist, XVIII, I993' PP 19-32; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 124-299; A D Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey in the late 1490S', Warwickshire Hist, IX, 1994, pp 87-104.
29. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 127-31, 140-45; Queen's College, Oxford, Warwickshire Mss No 7; Nottingham University Manuscripts Department [hereafter NUMD], MiM 167, MiM 175, MiD 4227; Birmingham Reference Library [hereafter BRL], Norton Mss 53; Staffordshire Record Office [hereafter SRO], D 641/1/2/269; Shakespeare's Birthplace Trust Record Office [hereafter SBT], DR 37/107/1; NUMD, MiL 5; SBT, BRT 1/3/180. For social structure of the Arden see R H Hilton, Social Structure of Rural Warwickshire in the Middle Ages, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, IX, 1950. For rising families see Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 30-1; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-9; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 265-93.
30. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 127-31, 140-45; Queen's College, Oxford, Warwickshire Mss No 7; Nottingham University Manuscripts Department [hereafter NUMD], MiM 167, MiM 175, MiD 4227; Birmingham Reference Library [hereafter BRL], Norton Mss 53; Staffordshire Record Office [hereafter SRO], D 641/1/2/269; Shakespeare's Birthplace Trust Record Office [hereafter SBT], DR 37/107/1; NUMD, MiL 5; SBT, BRT 1/3/180. For social structure of the Arden see R H Hilton, Social Structure of Rural Warwickshire in the Middle Ages, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, IX, 1950. For rising families see Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 30-1; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-9; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 265-93.
31. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 127-31, 140-45; Queen's College, Oxford, Warwickshire Mss No 7; Nottingham University Manuscripts Department [hereafter NUMD], MiM 167, MiM 175, MiD 4227; Birmingham Reference Library [hereafter BRL], Norton Mss 53; Staffordshire Record Office [hereafter SRO], D 641/1/2/269; Shakespeare's Birthplace Trust Record Office [hereafter SBT], DR 37/107/1; NUMD, MiL 5; SBT, BRT 1/3/180. For social structure of the Arden see R H Hilton, Social Structure of Rural Warwickshire in the Middle Ages, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, IX, 1950. For rising families see Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 30-1; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-9; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 265-93.
32. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 127-31, 140-45; Queen's College, Oxford, Warwickshire Mss No 7; Nottingham University Manuscripts Department [hereafter NUMD], MiM 167, MiM 175, MiD 4227; Birmingham Reference Library [hereafter BRL], Norton Mss 53; Staffordshire Record Office [hereafter SRO], D 641/1/2/269; Shakespeare's Birthplace Trust Record Office [hereafter SBT], DR 37/107/1; NUMD, MiL 5; SBT, BRT 1/3/180. For social structure of the Arden see R H Hilton, Social Structure of Rural Warwickshire in the Middle Ages, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, IX, 1950. For rising families see Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 30-1; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-9; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 265-93.
33. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 127-31, 140-45; Queen's College, Oxford, Warwickshire Mss No 7; Nottingham University Manuscripts Department [hereafter NUMD], MiM 167, MiM 175, MiD 4227; Birmingham Reference Library [hereafter BRL], Norton Mss 53; Staffordshire Record Office [hereafter SRO], D 641/1/2/269; Shakespeare's Birthplace Trust Record Office [hereafter SBT], DR 37/107/1; NUMD, MiL 5; SBT, BRT 1/3/180. For social structure of the Arden see R H Hilton, Social Structure of Rural Warwickshire in the Middle Ages, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, IX, 1950. For rising families see Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 30-1; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 17-9; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 265-93.
34. Warwick County Record Office [hereafter WCRO], CR 130/C150-C153, CR 136/c143; NUMD, MiM 162; Public Record Office [hereafter PRO], SC 6/1040/8-11; British Library [hereafter BL], Add Rolls 49752-4, 49757, 495759, 49764. The Freville estates at Lea Marston had already been put to farm by 1377: NUMD, MiM 165.
35. NUMD, MiM 162; BL, Add Ch 48034, 48035, 48044/6, 48057, 84874, 84875, 49154; SBT, DR 37/73.
36. For home farms on estates in the fifteenth century see Ag Hist III, pp 23-4: Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9. For those in Warwickshire see Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-80; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 4-5; NUMD, MiM 131/33, MiD 4462; Bodleian Library [hereafter Bod Lib], Ms Trinity 84, p 22, 50, 98, 108 ; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-7.
37. For home farms on estates in the fifteenth century see Ag Hist III, pp 23-4: Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9. For those in Warwickshire see Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-80; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 4-5; NUMD, MiM 131/33, MiD 4462; Bodleian Library [hereafter Bod Lib], Ms Trinity 84, p 22, 50, 98, 108 ; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-7.
38. For home farms on estates in the fifteenth century see Ag Hist III, pp 23-4: Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9. For those in Warwickshire see Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-80; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 4-5; NUMD, MiM 131/33, MiD 4462; Bodleian Library [hereafter Bod Lib], Ms Trinity 84, p 22, 50, 98, 108 ; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-7.
39. For home farms on estates in the fifteenth century see Ag Hist III, pp 23-4: Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9. For those in Warwickshire see Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-80; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 4-5; NUMD, MiM 131/33, MiD 4462; Bodleian Library [hereafter Bod Lib], Ms Trinity 84, p 22, 50, 98, 108 ; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-7.
40. For home farms on estates in the fifteenth century see Ag Hist III, pp 23-4: Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9. For those in Warwickshire see Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-80; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 4-5; NUMD, MiM 131/33, MiD 4462; Bodleian Library [hereafter Bod Lib], Ms Trinity 84, p 22, 50, 98, 108 ; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-7.
41. For home farms on estates in the fifteenth century see Ag Hist III, pp 23-4: Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9. For those in Warwickshire see Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-80; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 4-5; NUMD, MiM 131/33, MiD 4462; Bodleian Library [hereafter Bod Lib], Ms Trinity 84, p 22, 50, 98, 108 ; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-7.
42. PRO, SC 6/1258/7; Victoria County History of Warwickshire [hereafter VCH], IV, p 184; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', p 51. The topography of the priory estate in Maxstoke has been reconstructed using evidence drawn from the cartulary: Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 2, 20, 33, 39, 50, 52, 83, 99, 100, 102, 107, 109, 134; J R Holliday, 'Maxstoke Priory', Trans Birmingham Arch Soc, V, 1878, pp 64-80; SBT, DR 671/30-1 (Survey of Lord Leigh's lands at Maxstoke, 1776).
43. PRO, SC 6/1258/7; Victoria County History of Warwickshire [hereafter VCH], IV, p 184; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', p 51. The topography of the priory estate in Maxstoke has been reconstructed using evidence drawn from the cartulary: Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 2, 20, 33, 39, 50, 52, 83, 99, 100, 102, 107, 109, 134; J R Holliday, 'Maxstoke Priory', Trans Birmingham Arch Soc, V, 1878, pp 64-80; SBT, DR 671/30-1 (Survey of Lord Leigh's lands at Maxstoke, 1776).
44. PRO, SC 6/1258/7; Victoria County History of Warwickshire [hereafter VCH], IV, p 184; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', p 51. The topography of the priory estate in Maxstoke has been reconstructed using evidence drawn from the cartulary: Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 2, 20, 33, 39, 50, 52, 83, 99, 100, 102, 107, 109, 134; J R Holliday, 'Maxstoke Priory', Trans Birmingham Arch Soc, V, 1878, pp 64-80; SBT, DR 671/30-1 (Survey of Lord Leigh's lands at Maxstoke, 1776).
45. PRO, SC 6/1258/7; Victoria County History of Warwickshire [hereafter VCH], IV, p 184; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', p 51. The topography of the priory estate in Maxstoke has been reconstructed using evidence drawn from the cartulary: Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 2, 20, 33, 39, 50, 52, 83, 99, 100, 102, 107, 109, 134; J R Holliday, 'Maxstoke Priory', Trans Birmingham Arch Soc, V, 1878, pp 64-80; SBT, DR 671/30-1 (Survey of Lord Leigh's lands at Maxstoke, 1776).
46. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 8, 14, 24, 33, 39, 52, 62, 72, 99, 100, 107, 110, 125, 128, 134, 139, 213, 219, 225, 227, 228, 232, 239, 259, 263. For the recovery of overgrown lands on other Arden estates see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 5; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 10-11.
47. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 8, 14, 24, 33, 39, 52, 62, 72, 99, 100, 107, 110, 125, 128, 134, 139, 213, 219, 225, 227, 228, 232, 239, 259, 263. For the recovery of overgrown lands on other Arden estates see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 5; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 10-11.
48. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 8, 14, 24, 33, 39, 52, 62, 72, 99, 100, 107, 110, 125, 128, 134, 139, 213, 219, 225, 227, 228, 232, 239, 259, 263. For the recovery of overgrown lands on other Arden estates see: Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 5; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 10-11.
49. Holliday, 'Maxstoke Priory', pp 64-5; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 15, 24, 33, 99, 244, 113, 143.
50. Holliday, 'Maxstoke Priory', pp 64-5; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 15, 24, 33, 99, 244, 113, 143.
51. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 129, 132, 134; SBT, DR 37/114.
52. SBT, DR 37/114; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 129.
53. SBT, DR 37/73; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 95-7; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 96-7; Dyer, Lords and Peasants, p 215; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, p 172.
54. SBT, DR 37/73; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 95-7; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 96-7; Dyer, Lords and Peasants, p 215; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, p 172.
55. SBT, DR 37/73; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 95-7; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 96-7; Dyer, Lords and Peasants, p 215; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, p 172.
56. SBT, DR 37/73; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 95-7; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 96-7; Dyer, Lords and Peasants, p 215; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, p 172.
57. WCRO, CR 136/0152; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 15-6; SRO, D 641/1/2/269-276; BRL, DV2 168236; PRO, SC 6/1040/15; Maxstoke Castle, Fetherstone-Dilke Mss (I am greatly indebted to Captain C B Fethertsone-Dilke for making this document available to me); Rawcliffe, The Staffords, pp 69-70.
58. WCRO, CR 136/0152; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', pp 15-6; SRO, D 641/1/2/269-276; BRL, DV2 168236; PRO, SC 6/1040/15; Maxstoke Castle, Fetherstone-Dilke Mss (I am greatly indebted to Captain C B Fethertsone-Dilke for making this document available to me); Rawcliffe, The Staffords, pp 69-70.
59. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 20; WCRO, CR 1886/484-88, DR 895/8/11-20; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 22; SBT, DR 37/107/1-29, DR 37/108/30-52; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', PP 13-5; C D Ross, 'The household accounts of Elizabeth Berkeley, countess of Warwick, 1420-1', Trans Bristol and Gloucestershire Arch Soc, XXXIV, 1951, p 90; K B McFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, 1973, p 194.
60. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 20; WCRO, CR 1886/484-88, DR 895/8/11-20; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 22; SBT, DR 37/107/1-29, DR 37/108/30-52; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', PP 13-5; C D Ross, 'The household accounts of Elizabeth Berkeley, countess of Warwick, 1420-1', Trans Bristol and Gloucestershire Arch Soc, XXXIV, 1951, p 90; K B McFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, 1973, p 194.
61. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 20; WCRO, CR 1886/484-88, DR 895/8/11-20; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 22; SBT, DR 37/107/1-29, DR 37/108/30-52; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', PP 13-5; C D Ross, 'The household accounts of Elizabeth Berkeley, countess of Warwick, 1420-1', Trans Bristol and Gloucestershire Arch Soc, XXXIV, 1951, p 90; K B McFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, 1973, p 194.
62. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 20; WCRO, CR 1886/484-88, DR 895/8/11-20; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 22; SBT, DR 37/107/1-29, DR 37/108/30-52; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', PP 13-5; C D Ross, 'The household accounts of Elizabeth Berkeley, countess of Warwick, 1420-1', Trans Bristol and Gloucestershire Arch Soc, XXXIV, 1951, p 90; K B McFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, 1973, p 194.
63. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 20; WCRO, CR 1886/484-88, DR 895/8/11-20; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 22; SBT, DR 37/107/1-29, DR 37/108/30-52; Watkins, 'Cattle grazing in the forest of Arden', PP 13-5; C D Ross, 'The household accounts of Elizabeth Berkeley, countess of Warwick, 1420-1', Trans Bristol and Gloucestershire Arch Soc, XXXIV, 1951, p 90; K B McFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, 1973, p 194.
64. SBT, DR 37/73; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp II, 105, 127, 136, 137, 142; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5.
65. SBT, DR 37/73; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp II, 105, 127, 136, 137, 142; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5.
66. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 6-10; SBT, DR 37/114; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, CR 1886/484, 486, 488.
67. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 6-10; SBT, DR 37/114; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, CR 1886/484, 486, 488.
68. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 6; WCRO, CR 136/C150-C152, C154; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i-iii); WCRO, CR 1886/484.
69. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 98, 109, 133-4; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, MR 1. The calculations of acreage sown is based upon information on yields given in J Z Titow, Winchester Yields, 1972, p 13; W O Ault, Open-Field Farming in Medieval England, 1972, pp 20, 38; BMS Campbell, 'Agricultural progress in medieval England: some evidence from eastern Norfolk', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXVI, 1983, p 30; D Oschinsky, Walter of Henley, 1971, pp 323-5.
70. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 98, 109, 133-4; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, MR 1. The calculations of acreage sown is based upon information on yields given in J Z Titow, Winchester Yields, 1972, p 13; W O Ault, Open-Field Farming in Medieval England, 1972, pp 20, 38; BMS Campbell, 'Agricultural progress in medieval England: some evidence from eastern Norfolk', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXVI, 1983, p 30; D Oschinsky, Walter of Henley, 1971, pp 323-5.
71. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 98, 109, 133-4; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, MR 1. The calculations of acreage sown is based upon information on yields given in J Z Titow, Winchester Yields, 1972, p 13; W O Ault, Open-Field Farming in Medieval England, 1972, pp 20, 38; BMS Campbell, 'Agricultural progress in medieval England: some evidence from eastern Norfolk', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXVI, 1983, p 30; D Oschinsky, Walter of Henley, 1971, pp 323-5.
72. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 98, 109, 133-4; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, MR 1. The calculations of acreage sown is based upon information on yields given in J Z Titow, Winchester Yields, 1972, p 13; W O Ault, Open-Field Farming in Medieval England, 1972, pp 20, 38; BMS Campbell, 'Agricultural progress in medieval England: some evidence from eastern Norfolk', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXVI, 1983, p 30; D Oschinsky, Walter of Henley, 1971, pp 323-5.
73. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 98, 109, 133-4; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, MR 1. The calculations of acreage sown is based upon information on yields given in J Z Titow, Winchester Yields, 1972, p 13; W O Ault, Open-Field Farming in Medieval England, 1972, pp 20, 38; BMS Campbell, 'Agricultural progress in medieval England: some evidence from eastern Norfolk', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXVI, 1983, p 30; D Oschinsky, Walter of Henley, 1971, pp 323-5.
74. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 98, 109, 133-4; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; WCRO, MR 1. The calculations of acreage sown is based upon information on yields given in J Z Titow, Winchester Yields, 1972, p 13; W O Ault, Open-Field Farming in Medieval England, 1972, pp 20, 38; BMS Campbell, 'Agricultural progress in medieval England: some evidence from eastern Norfolk', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXVI, 1983, p 30; D Oschinsky, Walter of Henley, 1971, pp 323-5.
75. Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 94-5; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 11, 127, 137, 134-6, 105.
76. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 11, 127, 137, 134-6, 105.
77. v; SBT, DR 37/74, DR 3/805.
78. For a discussion of seignorial gardens see J Harvey, 'Vegetables in the Middle Ages', Garden Hist, XII, 1984, pp 89-99; C C Dyer, 'Jardins et vergers en Angleterre au moyen âge', in Jardins et vergers au moyen âge, Centre Culturel de l'Abbaye de Flaran, 9e journées internationales d'histoire, 1987, pp 145-64; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 245-89; T J Hunt and I Keil, 'Two medieval gardens', Proc Somersetshire Arch and Nat Hist Soc, CIV, 1959-62, pp 91-101.
79. For a discussion of seignorial gardens see J Harvey, 'Vegetables in the Middle Ages', Garden Hist, XII, 1984, pp 89-99; C C Dyer, 'Jardins et vergers en Angleterre au moyen âge', in Jardins et vergers au moyen âge, Centre Culturel de l'Abbaye de Flaran, 9e journées internationales d'histoire, 1987, pp 145-64; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 245-89; T J Hunt and I Keil, 'Two medieval gardens', Proc Somersetshire Arch and Nat Hist Soc, CIV, 1959-62, pp 91-101.
80. For a discussion of seignorial gardens see J Harvey, 'Vegetables in the Middle Ages', Garden Hist, XII, 1984, pp 89-99; C C Dyer, 'Jardins et vergers en Angleterre au moyen âge', in Jardins et vergers au moyen âge, Centre Culturel de l'Abbaye de Flaran, 9e journées internationales d'histoire, 1987, pp 145-64; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 245-89; T J Hunt and I Keil, 'Two medieval gardens', Proc Somersetshire Arch and Nat Hist Soc, CIV, 1959-62, pp 91-101.
81. For a discussion of seignorial gardens see J Harvey, 'Vegetables in the Middle Ages', Garden Hist, XII, 1984, pp 89-99; C C Dyer, 'Jardins et vergers en Angleterre au moyen âge', in Jardins et vergers au moyen âge, Centre Culturel de l'Abbaye de Flaran, 9e journées internationales d'histoire, 1987, pp 145-64; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 245-89; T J Hunt and I Keil, 'Two medieval gardens', Proc Somersetshire Arch and Nat Hist Soc, CIV, 1959-62, pp 91-101.
82. v, MiA 15, fo 1, MiA 18 fo 4.
83. v, MiA 15, fo 1, MiA 18 fo 4.
84. v, MiA 15, fo 1, MiA 18 fo 4.
85. For a general discussion of the woodland economy of the area and its impact on the seignorial economy see Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', pp 19-25.
86. BRL, A 433, A 519, A 589, A 629, A 635; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 12, 14, 29, 121; BL, Add Rolls 49755, 49757, 49758, 49760, 49763, 49764; SBT DR 37/107/1-2, 13, 22, 24, DR 37/108/31, 32, 34; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 9; SRO, 26/D53/1/125; NUMD, MiM 139-142; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 14, 20, 29, 102, 115, 118, 121; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 97-9.
87. BRL, A 433, A 519, A 589, A 629, A 635; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 12, 14, 29, 121; BL, Add Rolls 49755, 49757, 49758, 49760, 49763, 49764; SBT DR 37/107/1-2, 13, 22, 24, DR 37/108/31, 32, 34; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 9; SRO, 26/D53/1/125; NUMD, MiM 139-142; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 14, 20, 29, 102, 115, 118, 121; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 97-9.
88. BRL, A 433, A 519, A 589, A 629, A 635; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 12, 14, 29, 121; BL, Add Rolls 49755, 49757, 49758, 49760, 49763, 49764; SBT DR 37/107/1-2, 13, 22, 24, DR 37/108/31, 32, 34; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 9; SRO, 26/D53/1/125; NUMD, MiM 139-142; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 14, 20, 29, 102, 115, 118, 121; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 97-9.
89. BRL, A 433, A 519, A 589, A 629, A 635; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 12, 14, 29, 121; BL, Add Rolls 49755, 49757, 49758, 49760, 49763, 49764; SBT DR 37/107/1-2, 13, 22, 24, DR 37/108/31, 32, 34; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 9; SRO, 26/D53/1/125; NUMD, MiM 139-142; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 14, 20, 29, 102, 115, 118, 121; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 97-9.
90. NUMD, MiM 175, MiM 214; WCRO, CR 1886/484, 487; Coventry Record Office, E 10; SBT, DR 37/107/13.
91. S M Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry m the Fifteenth Century, Derbyshire Record Society, VIII, 1983, pp 21-22; R A Pelham, 'The establishment of the Willoughby ironworks in north Warwickshire in the sixteenth century', Univ Birmingham Hist Jnl, IV, 1953-4, PP 18-29; WCRO, DR(B) 38/3/2, p 29; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 29; VCH, II, pp 219-20; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', p 98; J Hatcher, The History of the British Coal Industry. I: Before 1700, 1993, pp 135-6.
92. S M Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry m the Fifteenth Century, Derbyshire Record Society, VIII, 1983, pp 21-22; R A Pelham, 'The establishment of the Willoughby ironworks in north Warwickshire in the sixteenth century', Univ Birmingham Hist Jnl, IV, 1953-4, PP 18-29; WCRO, DR(B) 38/3/2, p 29; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 29; VCH, II, pp 219-20; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', p 98; J Hatcher, The History of the British Coal Industry. I: Before 1700, 1993, pp 135-6.
93. S M Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry m the Fifteenth Century, Derbyshire Record Society, VIII, 1983, pp 21-22; R A Pelham, 'The establishment of the Willoughby ironworks in north Warwickshire in the sixteenth century', Univ Birmingham Hist Jnl, IV, 1953-4, PP 18-29; WCRO, DR(B) 38/3/2, p 29; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 29; VCH, II, pp 219-20; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', p 98; J Hatcher, The History of the British Coal Industry. I: Before 1700, 1993, pp 135-6.
94. S M Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry m the Fifteenth Century, Derbyshire Record Society, VIII, 1983, pp 21-22; R A Pelham, 'The establishment of the Willoughby ironworks in north Warwickshire in the sixteenth century', Univ Birmingham Hist Jnl, IV, 1953-4, PP 18-29; WCRO, DR(B) 38/3/2, p 29; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 29; VCH, II, pp 219-20; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', p 98; J Hatcher, The History of the British Coal Industry. I: Before 1700, 1993, pp 135-6.
95. S M Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry m the Fifteenth Century, Derbyshire Record Society, VIII, 1983, pp 21-22; R A Pelham, 'The establishment of the Willoughby ironworks in north Warwickshire in the sixteenth century', Univ Birmingham Hist Jnl, IV, 1953-4, PP 18-29; WCRO, DR(B) 38/3/2, p 29; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 29; VCH, II, pp 219-20; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', p 98; J Hatcher, The History of the British Coal Industry. I: Before 1700, 1993, pp 135-6.
96. S M Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry m the Fifteenth Century, Derbyshire Record Society, VIII, 1983, pp 21-22; R A Pelham, 'The establishment of the Willoughby ironworks in north Warwickshire in the sixteenth century', Univ Birmingham Hist Jnl, IV, 1953-4, PP 18-29; WCRO, DR(B) 38/3/2, p 29; Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', p 29; VCH, II, pp 219-20; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', p 98; J Hatcher, The History of the British Coal Industry. I: Before 1700, 1993, pp 135-6.
97. Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', pp 28-9; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 10; PRO, SC 11/683: Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 98-9.
98. Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', pp 28-9; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 10; PRO, SC 11/683: Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 98-9.
99. Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', pp 28-9; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 10; PRO, SC 11/683: Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 98-9.
100. Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', pp 30-31; NUMD, 5/167/101(iii); SBT, DR 37/73; DR 37/108/31; T H Lloyd, Some Aspects of the Building Industry of Medieval Stratford-upon-Avon, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XIV, 1961, pp 16-22.
101. Watkins, 'The woodland economy of the forest of Arden', pp 30-31; NUMD, 5/167/101(iii); SBT, DR 37/73; DR 37/108/31; T H Lloyd, Some Aspects of the Building Industry of Medieval Stratford-upon-Avon, Dugdale Society Occasional Paper, XIV, 1961, pp 16-22.
102. R H Hilton, The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages, 1975, PP 174-214; Dyer, Standards of Living, p 80; Dyer, 'A small landowner m the fifteenth century', pp 5, 8-10; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 147-8; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 165-6.
103. R H Hilton, The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages, 1975, PP 174-214; Dyer, Standards of Living, p 80; Dyer, 'A small landowner m the fifteenth century', pp 5, 8-10; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 147-8; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 165-6.
104. R H Hilton, The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages, 1975, PP 174-214; Dyer, Standards of Living, p 80; Dyer, 'A small landowner m the fifteenth century', pp 5, 8-10; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 147-8; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 165-6.
105. R H Hilton, The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages, 1975, PP 174-214; Dyer, Standards of Living, p 80; Dyer, 'A small landowner m the fifteenth century', pp 5, 8-10; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 147-8; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 165-6.
106. R H Hilton, The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages, 1975, PP 174-214; Dyer, Standards of Living, p 80; Dyer, 'A small landowner m the fifteenth century', pp 5, 8-10; Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 147-8; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 165-6.
107. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the Forest of Arden', p 165; Hilton, The English Peasantry, pp 174-214; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i and iii).
108. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the Forest of Arden', p 165; Hilton, The English Peasantry, pp 174-214; NUMD, 5/167/101 (i and iii).
109. SRO, D641/1/2/269-279; WCRO, CR 136/C150-C157; BRL, DV 592 437894; NUMD, 5/167/101.
110. Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 93-4;
111. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 6, 8, 15, 22, 24, 26, 33, 40, 72, 99, 106, 119-20, 139, 244, 247.
112. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 119-20; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, p 164; NUMD, 5/167/101(i); Chetham's Library, Mun E 6 to 4: I am indebted to one of my anonymous referees for furnishing me with this reference.
113. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 119-20; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, p 164; NUMD, 5/167/101(i); Chetham's Library, Mun E 6 to 4: I am indebted to one of my anonymous referees for furnishing me with this reference.
114. NUMD, 5/167/101(i); BRL, A 644; NUMD, MiDa 84, 5/169b/15.
115. B K Roberts, 'Medieval fishponds', Amat Hist, VII, 1966, PP 122-23; SBT, DR 3/804; M Aston, ed, Medieval Fish, Fisheries and Fishponds in England, BAR, British Series, 182(1), 1988, p 423; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 24, 33, 41, 100, 107, 219, 225; W B Bickley, ed, Monastic and Other Estates in the County of Warwick, Dugdale Society, II, 1923, p 87; SBT, DR 37/107/22, DR 37/108/37; BRL, DV 329 347939, 329 347943.
116. B K Roberts, 'Medieval fishponds', Amat Hist, VII, 1966, PP 122-23; SBT, DR 3/804; M Aston, ed, Medieval Fish, Fisheries and Fishponds in England, BAR, British Series, 182(1), 1988, p 423; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 24, 33, 41, 100, 107, 219, 225; W B Bickley, ed, Monastic and Other Estates in the County of Warwick, Dugdale Society, II, 1923, p 87; SBT, DR 37/107/22, DR 37/108/37; BRL, DV 329 347939, 329 347943.
117. B K Roberts, 'Medieval fishponds', Amat Hist, VII, 1966, PP 122-23; SBT, DR 3/804; M Aston, ed, Medieval Fish, Fisheries and Fishponds in England, BAR, British Series, 182(1), 1988, p 423; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 24, 33, 41, 100, 107, 219, 225; W B Bickley, ed, Monastic and Other Estates in the County of
118. B K Roberts, 'Medieval fishponds', Amat Hist, VII, 1966, PP 122-23; SBT, DR 3/804; M Aston, ed, Medieval Fish, Fisheries and Fishponds in England, BAR, British Series, 182(1), 1988, p 423; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 24, 33, 41, 100, 107, 219, 225; W B Bickley, ed, Monastic and Other Estates in the County of Warwick, Dugdale Society, II, 1923, p 87; SBT, DR 37/107/22, DR 37/108/37; BRL, DV 329 347939, 329 347943.
119. Hilton, The English Peasantry p 192;
120. v.
121. SRO, 0641/1/2/269-279; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 5; WCRO, CR 1886/487; NUMD, 5/107/101 (i-iii); SBT, DR 37/73; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity, pp 2, 8, 15, 20, 24, 62, 72, 99, too, 107, 110, 125, 128, 134, 213, 219, 227, 228, 232, 239, 259, 263.
122. SRO, 0641/1/2/269-279; Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', p 5; WCRO, CR 1886/487; NUMD, 5/107/101 (i-iii); SBT, DR 37/73; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity, pp 2, 8, 15, 20, 24, 62, 72, 99, too, 107, 110, 125, 128, 134, 213, 219, 227, 228, 232, 239, 259, 263.
123. SBT, DR 37/73; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 96-7; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 89, 113; SBT, DR 3/801; WCRO, CR 1886/484 and 488.
124. SBT, DR 37/73; Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 96-7; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 89, 113; SBT, DR 3/801; WCRO, CR 1886/484 and 488.
125. v; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 61, 134, 208, 224, 229, 232, 263; SBT, DR 37/114; WCRO, CR 136/c159; SRO, D 641/1/3/4.
126. v; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 61, 134, 208, 224, 229, 232, 263; SBT, DR 37/114; WCRO, CR 136/c159; SRO, D 641/1/3/4.
127. Watkins, 'Society and economy in the forest of Arden', pp 50-1; SBT, DR 37/73;
128. Dyer, Standards of Living, pp 68-9;
129. R H Britnell, Minor landlords in England and medieval agrarian capitalism', Past and Present, LXXXIX, 1980, pp 3-10;
130. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 1-13;
131. C Richmond, John Hopton, 1981, pp 32-95;
132. Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 87-104;
133. Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 129-31; NUMD, 5/167/101(iii).
134. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 5-6; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 33, 39, 52, 100, 139; NUMD, 5/167/101(ii); Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 10-1, 14.
135. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 5-6; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 33, 39, 52, 100, 139; NUMD, 5/167/101(ii); Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 10-1, 14.
136. Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 5-6; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 33, 39, 52, 100, 139; NUMD, 5/167/101(ii); Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 10-1, 14.
137. 43Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 3-12; PRO, SC 11/683; NUMD, 5/167/101(i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 87-101; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 109, 136.
138. 43Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 3-12; PRO, SC 11/683; NUMD, 5/167/101(i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 87-101; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 109, 136.
139. 43Dyer, 'A small landowner in the fifteenth century', pp 3-12; PRO, SC 11/683; NUMD, 5/167/101(i-iii); Watkins, 'Merevale Abbey', pp 87-101; Bod Lib, Ms Trinity 84, pp 109, 136.
140. M Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England in the fifteenth century', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XL, 1987, pp 523-36; Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry, pp 12-28; Ag Hist III, p 24.
141. M Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England in the fifteenth century', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XL, 1987, pp 523-36; Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry, pp 12-28; Ag Hist III, p 24.
142. M Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England in the fifteenth century', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XL, 1987, pp 523-36; Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry, pp 12-28; Ag Hist III, p 24.
143. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 13-22; Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry', pp 40-50; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-88; C Phythian-Adams, Desolation of a City, 1979, p 21; PRO, SC 6/1058/4-5.
144. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 13-22; Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry', pp 40-50; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-88; C Phythian-Adams, Desolation of a City, 1979, p 21; PRO, SC 6/1058/4-5.
145. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 13-22; Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry', pp 40-50; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-88; C Phythian-Adams, Desolation of a City, 1979, p 21; PRO, SC 6/1058/4-5.
146. Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c 1520, pp 4, 13-22; Carpenter, 'The fifteenth-century English gentry', pp 40-50; Carpenter, Locality and Polity, pp 176-88; C Phythian-Adams, Desolation of a City, 1979, p 21; PRO, SC 6/1058/4-5.
147. A H Kenny, ed, The Sibton Abbey Estates: Selected Documents 1325-1509, Suffolk Record Society, II, 1960, pp 35-9; E W Ives, The Common Lawyers of Pre-Reformation England, 1983, pp 345-53; Household Book of Dame Alice de Bryene, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, 1931, pp 116-34; Richmond, John Hopton, pp 32-95; C Richmond, 'The Sulyard papers: the records of a small family archive', in D Williams, ed, England in the Fifteenth Century, Woodbridge, 1986, pp 203-4; Ag Hist III, pp 281-3.
148. A H Kenny, ed, The Sibton Abbey Estates: Selected Documents 1325-1509, Suffolk Record Society, II, 1960, pp 35-9; E W Ives, The Common Lawyers of Pre-Reformation England, 1983, pp 345-53; Household Book of Dame Alice de Bryene, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, 1931, pp 116-34; Richmond, John Hopton, pp 32-95; C Richmond, 'The Sulyard papers: the records of a small family archive', in D Williams, ed, England in the Fifteenth Century, Woodbridge, 1986, pp 203-4; Ag Hist III, pp 281-3.
149. A H Kenny, ed, The Sibton Abbey Estates: Selected Documents 1325-1509, Suffolk Record Society, II, 1960, pp 35-9; E W Ives, The Common Lawyers of Pre-Reformation England, 1983, pp 345-53; Household Book of Dame Alice de Bryene, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, 1931, pp 116-34; Richmond, John Hopton, pp 32-95; C Richmond, 'The Sulyard papers: the records of a small family archive', in D Williams, ed, England in the Fifteenth Century, Woodbridge, 1986, pp 203-4; Ag Hist III, pp 281-3.
150. A H Kenny, ed, The Sibton Abbey Estates: Selected Documents 1325-1509, Suffolk Record Society, II, 1960, pp 35-9; E W Ives, The Common Lawyers of Pre-Reformation England, 1983, pp 345-53; Household Book of Dame Alice de Bryene, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, 1931, pp 116-34; Richmond, John Hopton, pp 32-95; C Richmond, 'The Sulyard papers: the records of a small family archive', in D Williams, ed, England in the Fifteenth Century, Woodbridge, 1986, pp 203-4; Ag Hist III, pp 281-3.
151. A H Kenny, ed, The Sibton Abbey Estates: Selected Documents 1325-1509, Suffolk Record Society, II, 1960, pp 35-9; E W Ives, The Common Lawyers of Pre-Reformation England, 1983, pp 345-53; Household Book of Dame Alice de Bryene, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, 1931, pp 116-34; Richmond, John Hopton, pp 32-95; C Richmond, 'The Sulyard papers: the records of a small family archive', in D Williams, ed, England in the Fifteenth Century, Woodbridge, 1986, pp 203-4; Ag Hist III, pp 281-3.
152. A H Kenny, ed, The Sibton Abbey Estates: Selected Documents 1325-1509, Suffolk Record Society, II, 1960, pp 35-9; E W Ives, The Common Lawyers of Pre-Reformation England, 1983, pp 345-53; Household Book of Dame Alice de Bryene, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, 1931, pp 116-34; Richmond, John Hopton, pp 32-95; C Richmond, 'The Sulyard papers: the records of a small family archive', in D Williams, ed, England in the Fifteenth Century, Woodbridge, 1986, pp 203-4; Ag Hist III, pp 281-3.
153. C M Woolgar, ed, Household Accounts from Medieval England, British Academy Records of Social and Economic History, new ser, XVIII, 1992, part II, pp 455-57, 460, 462-7, 470-1, 550-1;
154. A J Pollard, 'Estate management in the later Middle Ages: the Talbots and Whitchurch, 1383-1526', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 553-66;
155. Hilton, The Economic Development of Leicestershire Estates, pp 79-86;
156. K J Allison, 'Flock management in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XI, 1958, pp 98-112;
157. E Acheson, A Gentry Community, 1992, PP 55-61;
158. Wright, The Derbyshire Gentry, pp 12-28;
159. Ag Hist III, pp 24, 290, 315-22;
160. HPR Finberg, Tavistock Abbey, Newton Abbot, 1969, pp 96-149.
161. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
162. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
163. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
164. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
165. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
166. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
167. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
168. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
169. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
170. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
171. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.
172. D L Farmer, 'Grain yields on the Winchester manors in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXX, 1977, pp 555-66; M J Stephenson, 'Wool yields in the medieval economy', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XLI, 1988, p 371; E Searle and B Ross, eds, The Cellarer's Rolls of Battle Abbey, 1217-1513, Sussex Record Society, LXV, 1967, pp 18-9; P Brandon, 'Cereal yields on the Sussex estates of Battle Abbey in the later Middle Ages', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXV, 1972, pp 411-4; Smith, Canterbury Cathedral Priory, p 200; Mate, 'Pastoral farming in south-east England', pp 523-36; N Saul, Scenes from Provincial Life, 1986, p 133; R A Lomas, 'The priory of Durham and its demesnes in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries', Econ Hist Rev, 2nd ser, XXXI, 1978, p 350; R A Lomas, 'A northern farm at the end of the Middle Ages: Elvenhall Manor, Durham, 1443-4-1513-4', Northern Hist, XVIII, 1972, pp 26-9; J L Drury, 'Early settlement in Stanhope Park, Weardale, c 1406-79', Archaeol Aelina, 5th ser, IV, 1976, pp 141-7; M J Bennett, Community, Class, Careerism, 1983, p 86; Ag Hist III, pp 189-91.