Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll waters of the equatorial Pacific: Community and taxon-specific rate assessments from pigment and flow cytometric analyses

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volumn 108, Issue 12, 2003, Pages

  Landry, Michael R ^a   Brown, Susan L ^a   Neveux, Jacques ^b   Dupouy, Cécile ^c   Blanchot, Jean ^d   Christensen, Stephanie ^a   Bidigare, Robert R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

^b Laboratoire d Océanographie Microbienne   (France)

^c CNRS   (France)

^d STATION BIOLOGIQUE   (France)

Author keywords

Grazing; Growth; HNLC; Pigments; Protozoa

Indexed keywords

FLOW CYTOMETRY; GRAZING; GROWTH RATE; PHYTOPLANKTON; PIGMENT; ZOOPLANKTON;

PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (EQUATORIAL);

EID: 1842661111     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000jc000744     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Andersen, R. A., D. Potter, R. R. Bidigare, M. Latasa, K. Rowan, and C. J. O'Kelly, Characterization and phylogenetic position of the enigmatic golden alga Phaeothamnion confervicola: Ultrastructure, pigment composition and partial SSU rDNA sequence, J. Phycol., 34, 286-298, 1998.
2. André, J. M., C. Navarette, J. Blanchot, and M.-H. Radenac, Picophytoplankton dynamics in the equatorial Pacific: Growth and grazing rates from cytometric counts, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 3369-3380, 1999.
3. Bidigare, R. R., Analysis of algal chlorophylls and carotenoids, in Marine Particles: Analysis and Characterization, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 63, edited by D. C. Hurd and D. W. Spencer, pp. 119-123, AGU, Washington, D.C., 1991.
4. Bidigare, R. R., and M. E. Ondrusek, Spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton pigment distributions in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 43, 809-833, 1996.
5. Binder, B. J., S. W. Chisholm, R. J. Olson, S. L. Frankel, and A. Z. Worden, Dynamics of picophytoplankton, ultraphytoplankton and bacteria in the central equatorial Pacific, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 43, 907-931, 1996.
6. Blain, S., P. Treguer, and M. Rodier, Stocks and fluxes of biogenic silica in the western oligotrophic equatorial Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 3357-3368, 1999.
7. Blanchot, J., and M. Rodier, Picophytoplankton abundance and biomass in the western tropical Pacific Ocean during the 1992 El Niño year: Results from flow cytometry, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 43, 877-895, 1996.
8. Brown, S. L., M. R. Landry, J. Neveux, and C. Dupouy, Microbial community abundance and biomass along a 180° transect in the equatorial Pacific during an El Niño-Southern Oscillation cold phase, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 8139, doi:10.1029/2001JC000817, in press, 2003.
9. Brzezinski, M. A., The Si:C ratio of marine diatoms: Interspecific variability and the effect of some environmental variables, J. Phycol., 21, 347-357, 1985.
10. Burkill, P. H., E. S. Edwards, A. W. S. John, and M. A. Sleigh, Microzooplankton and their herbivorous activity in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 40, 479-493, 1993.
11. Calbet, A., and M. R. Landry, Mesozooplankton influences on the microbial food web: Direct and indirect trophic interactions in the oligotrohic open-ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 44, 1370-1380, 1999.
12. Champalbert, G., J. Neveux, R. Gaudy, and R. Le Borgne, Diel variations of copepod feeding and grazing impact in the high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll zone of the equatorial Pacific Ocean (0°; 3°S, 180°), J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 8145, doi:10.1029/2001JC000810, in press, 2003.
13. Coale, K. H., et al., A massive phytoplankton bloom induced by an ecosystem scale iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, Nature, 383, 495-501, 1996.
14. Cullen, J. J., M. R. Lewis, C. O. Davis, and R. T. Barber, Photosynthetic characteristics and estimated growth rates indicate grazing is the proximate control of primary production in the equatorial Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 639-654, 1992.
15. DuRand, M. D., Phytoplankton growth and diel variations in beam attenuation through individual cell analysis, Ph.D. diss., 267 pp., Mass. Inst. of Technol./Woods Hole Oceanogr. Inst., Woods Hole, Mass., 1995.
16. DuRand, M. D., and R. J. Olson, Contributions of phytoplankton light scattering and cell concentration changes to diel variations in beam attenuation in the equatorial Pacific from flow cytometric measurements of pico-, ultra- and nanoplankton, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 43, 891-906, 1996.
17. Eldin, G., and M. Rodier, Ocean physics and nutrient fields along 180° during an El Niño-Southern Oscillation cold phase, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 8137, doi:10.1029/2000JC000746, in press, 2003.
18. Eppley, R. W., F. M. H. Reid, and J. D. H. Strickland, Estimates of phytoplankton crop size, growth rate, and primary production, in The Ecology of the Plankton off La Jolla California in the Period April Through September, 1967, edited by J. D. H. Strickland, Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr., 17, 33-42, 1970.
19. Fitzwater, S. E., G. A. Knauer, and J. H. Martin, Metal contamination and its effect on primary production measurements, Limnol. Oceanogr., 27, 544-551, 1982.
20. Frost, B. W., and N. C. Franzen, Grazing and iron limitation in the control of phytoplankton stock and nutrient concentration: A chemostat analogue of the Pacific equatorial upwelling zone, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 83, 291-303, 1992.
21. Garrison, D. L., et al., Microbial food web structure in the Arabian Sea: A JGOFS study, U.S., Deep Sea Res., Part II, 47, 1387-1422, 2000.
22. Hiscock, M. R., J. Marra, W. O. Smith Jr., R. Goericke, C. I. Measures, S. Vink, R. J. Olson, H. M. Sosik, and R. T. Barber, Primary productivity and its regulation in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 50, 533-558, 2003.
23. Jeffrey, S. W., and M. Vesk, Introduction to marine phytoplankton and their pigment signatures, Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography: Guidelines to Modern Methods, edited by S. W. Jeffrey, R. C. F. Mantoura, and S. W. Wright, pp. 37-82, UNESCO Publ., Paris, 1997.
24. Klein, B., W. W. C. Gieskes, and G. C. Kraay, Digestion of chlorophylls and carotenoids by the marine protozoan Oxyrrhis marina studied by h.p.l.c. analysis of algal pigments, J. Plankton Res., 8, 827-836, 1986.
25. Landry, M. R., Estimating rates of growth and grazing of phytoplankton by dilution, in Handbook of Methods in Aquatic Microbial Ecology, edited by P. K. Kemp et al., pp. 715-722, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 1993.
26. Landry, M. R., and R. P. Hassett, Estimating the grazing impact of marine micro-zooplankton, Mar. Biol., 67, 283-288, 1982.
27. Landry, M. R., and D. L. Kirchman, Microbial community structure and variability in the tropical Pacific, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 49, 2669-2693, 2002.
28. Landry, M. R., J. Constantinou, and J. Kirshtein, Microzooplankton grazing in the central equatorial Pacific during February and August, 1992, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 42, 657-671, 1995a.
29. Landry, M. R., J. Kirshtein, and J. Constantinou, A refined dilution technique for measuring the community grazing impact of microzooplankton, with experimental tests in the central equatorial Pacific, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 120, 53-63, 1995b.
30. Landry, M. R., et al., Iron and grazing constraints on primary production in the central equatorial Pacific: An EqPac synthesis, Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 405-418, 1997.
31. Landry, M. R., S. L. Brown, L. Campbell, J. Constantinou, and H. Liu, Spatial patterns in phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in the Arabian Sea during monsoon forcing, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 45, 2353-2368, 1998.
32. Landry, M. R., M. E. Ondrusek, S. J. Tanner, S. L. Brown, J. Constantinou, R. R. Bidigare, K. H. Coale, and S. Fitzwater, Biological response to iron fertilization in the eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). I. Microplankton community abundances and biomass, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 201, 27-42, 2000a.
33. Landry, M. R., J. Constantinou, M. Latasa, S. L. Brown, R. R. Bidigare, and M. E. Ondrusek, Biological response to iron fertilization in the eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 201, 57-72, 2000b.
34. Latasa, M., and R. R. Bidigare, A comparison of phytoplankton populations of the Arabian Sea during the spring intermonsoon and southwest monsoon of 1995 as described by HPLC-analyzed pigments, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 45, 2133-217O, 1998.
35. Latasa, M., R. R. Bidigare, M. E. Ondrusek, and M. C. Kennicutt II, HPLC analysis of algal pigments: A comparison exercise among laboratories and recommendations for improved analytical performance, Mar. Chem., 51, 3115-3124, 1996.
36. Latasa, M., M. R. Landry, L. Schlüter, and R. R. Bidigare, Pigment-specific growth and grazing rates of phytoplankton in the central equatorial Pacific, Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 289-298, 1997.
37. Laws, E. A., M. R. Landry, R. T. Barber, L. Campbell, M.-L. Dickson, and J. Marra, Carbon cycling in primary production bottle incubations: Inferences from grazing experiments and photosynthetic studies using 14C and 18O in the Arabian Sea, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 47, 1339-1352, 2000.
38. Le Borgne, R., and M. R. Landry, EBENE: A JGOFS investigation of plankton variability and trophic interactions in the equatorial Pacific (180°), J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 8136, doi:10.1029/2001JC001252, in press, 2003.
39. Le Bouteiller, A., J. Blanchot, and J. Neveux, Primary production, new production, and growth rate in the equatorial Pacific: Changes from mesotrophic to oligotrophic regime, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 8141, doi:10.1029/2000JC000914, in press, 2003.
40. Leynaert, A., P. Treguer, C. Lancelot, and M. Rodier, Silicon limitation of biogenic silica production in the equatorial Pacific, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 48, 639-660, 2001.
41. max approach, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 3391-3392, 1999.
42. Miller, C. B., B. W. Frost, P. A. Wheeler, M. R. Landry, N. Welschmeyer, and T. M. Powell, Ecological dynamics in the subarctic Pacific, a possibly iron-limited ecosystem, Limnol. Oceanogr., 36, 1600-1615, 1991.
43. Monger, B. C., and M. R. Landry, Flow cytometric analysis of marine bacteria using Hoechst 33342, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59, 905-911, 1993.
44. Morel, A., Optics of marine particles and marine optics, Particle Analysis in Oceanography, NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G, vol. 27, edited by S. Demers, pp. 144-188, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1991.
45. Morel, F. M., J. G. Rueter, and N. M. Price, Iron nutrition of phytoplankton and its possible importance in the ecology of open ocean regions with high nutrient and low biomass, Oceanography, 4, 56-61, 1991.
46. Neveux, J., and F. Lantoine, Spectrofluorometric assay of chlorophylls and phaeopigments using the least squares approximation technique, Deep Sea Res., Part A, 40, 1747-1765, 1993.
47. Neveux, J., C. Dupouy, J. Blanchot, A. Le Bouteiller, M. R. Landry, and S. L. Brown, Diel dynamics of chlorophylls in high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll waters of the equatorial Pacific (180°): Interactions of growth, grazing, physiological responses, and mixing, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 8140, doi:10.1029/2000JC000747, in press, 2003.
48. Pitchford, J. W., and J. Brindley, Iron limitation, grazing pressure and high nutrient-low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, J. Plankton Res., 21, 525-547, 1999.
49. Price, N. M., B. A. Ahner, and F. M. M. Morel, The equatorial Pacific Ocean: Grazer-controlled phytoplankton populations in an iron-limited ecosystem, Limnol. Oceanogr., 39, 520-534, 1994.
50. Shalapyonok, A., R. J. Olson, and L. S. Shalapyonok, Arabian Sea phytoplankton during southwest and northeast monsoons 1995: Composition, size structure and biomass from individual cell properties measured by flow cytometry, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 48, 1231-1261, 2001.
51. Sherr, B. F., E. B. Sherr, and R. D. Fallon, Use of monodispersed, fluorescently-labeled bacteria to estimate in situ protozoan bacterivory, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53, 958-965, 1987.
52. Sherr, E. B., and B. F. Sherr, Preservation and storage of samples for enumeration of heterotrophic protists, in Handbook of Methods in Aquatic Microbial Ecology, edited by P. K. Kemp et al., pp. 207-212, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 1993.
53. Strathmann, R. R., Estimating the organic carbon content of phytoplankton from cell volume or plasma volume, Limnol. Oceanogr., 12, 411-418, 1967.
54. Strom, S. L., Production of phaeopigments by marine protozoa: Results of laboratory experiments analyzed by HPLC, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 40, 57-80, 1993.
55. Strom, S. L., and N. A. Welschmeyer, Pigment-specific rates of phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in the open subarctic Pacific Ocean, Limnol Oceanogr., 36, 50-63, 1991.
56. Strom, S. L., T. A. Morello, and K. J. Bright, Protozoan size influences algal pigment degradation during grazing, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 164, 189-197, 1998.
57. Takeda, S., Influence of iron availability on nutrient consumption ratio of diatoms in oceanic waters, Nature, 393, 744-777, 1998.
58. Vaulot, D., CYTOPC: Processing software for flow cytometric data, Signal Noise, 2, 8, 1989.
59. Vaulot, D., and D. Marie, Diel variability of photosynthetic picoplankton in the equatorial Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 3297-3310, 1999.
60. Vaulot, D., D. Marie, R. J. Olson, and S. W. Chisholm, Growth of Prochlorococcus, a photosynthetic prokaryote, in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, Science, 268, 1480-1482, 1995.
61. Verity, P. G., D. K. Stoecker, M. E. Sieracki, and J. R. Nelson, Grazing, growth and mortality of microzooplankton during the 1989 North Atlantic spring bloom at 47°N, 18°W, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 40, 1793-1814, 1993.
62. Verity, P. G., D. K. Stoecker, M. E. Sieracki, and J. R. Nelson, Microzooplankton grazing of primary production at 140°W in the equatorial Pacific, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 43, 1227-1255, 1996.
63. Wright, S. W., S. W. Jeffrey, R. F. C. Mantoura, C. A. Llewellyn, T. Bjornland, D. Repeta, and N. Welschmeyer, Improved HPLC method for the analysis of chlorophylls and carotenoids from marine phytoplankton, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser, 77, 183-196, 1991.
64. Yoder, J. A., S. G. Ackelson, R. T. Barber, P. Flament, and W. M. Balch, A line in the sea, Nature, 371, 689-692, 1994.