Different effect of dioptric defocus vs. light scatter on the Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG)

Documenta Ophthalmologica

Volumn 108, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 99-106

  Bach, Michael ^a   Mathieu, Marcel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Blur; Defocus; Light scatter; Optics; Pattern electroretinogram

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY; EVOKED VISUAL RESPONSE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LIGHT REFRACTION; LIGHT SCATTERING; NORMAL HUMAN; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RETINA; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; STEADY STATE; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL STIMULATION;

EID: 1842638638     PISSN: 00124486     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/B:DOOP.0000018415.00285.56     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Groneberg A, Teping C. Topodiagnostik von Sehstörungen durch Ableitung retinaler und kortikaler Antworten auf Umkehr-Kontrastmuster. Ber Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges 1980; 77: 409-15.
2. Maffei L, Fiorentini A. Electroretinographic responses to alternating gratings before and after section of the optic nerve. Science 1981; 211: 953-4.
3. Harrison JM, O'Connor PS, Young RSL, Kincaid M, Bentley R. The pattern ERG in man following surgical resection of the optic nerve. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1987; 28: 492-9.
4. Hess RF, Baker CL. Human pattern-evoked electroretinogram. J Neurophysiol 1984; 51: 939-51.
5. Zrenner E. Physiological basis of the pattern electroretinogram. Progr Retin Res 1989; 9: 427-64.
6. Bach M, Gerling J, Geiger K. Optic atrophy reduces the pattern-electroretinogram for both fine and coarse stimulus patterns. Clin Vision Sci 1992; 7: 327-33.
7. Wanger P, Persson HE. Pattern-reversal electroretinograms in ocular hypertension. Doc Ophthalmol 1985; 61: 27-31.
8. Papst N, Bopp M, Schnaudigel OE. The pattern evoked electroretinogram associated with elevated intraocular pressure. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1984; 222: 34-7.
9. Porciatti V, Falsini B, Brunori S, Colotto A, Moretti G. Pattern electroretinogram as a function of spatial frequency in ocular hypertension and early glaucoma. Doc Ophthalmol 1987; 65: 349-55.
10. Bach M, Hiss P, Röver J. Check-size specific changes of pattern electroretinogram in patients with early open-angle glaucoma. Doc Ophthalmol 1988; 69: 315-22.
11. Price MJ, Drance SM, Price M, Schulzer M, Douglas GR, Tansley B. The pattern electroretinogram and visual-evoked potential in glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1988; 226: 542-7.
12. Trick GL, Bicklerbluth M, Cooper DG, Kolker AE, Nesher R. Pattern reversal electroretinogram (PRERG) abnormalities in ccular hypertension - Correlation with glaucoma risk factors. Curr Eye Res 1988; 7: 201-6.
13. Weinstein GW, Arden GB, Hitchings RA, Ryan S, Calthorpe CM, Odom V. The pattern electroretinogram (PERG) in ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1988; 106: 923-8.
14. Bach M, Speidel-Fiaux A. Pattern electroretinogram in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Doc Ophthalmol 1989; 73: 173-81.
15. Korth M, Horn F, Storck B, Jonas J. The pattern-evoked electroretinogram (PERG): Age-related alterations and changes in glaucoma. Graefes Arch clin exp Ophthal 1989; 227: 123-30.
16. Garway-Heath DF, Holder GE, Fitzke FW, Hitchings RA. Relationship between electrophysiological, psychophysical, and anatomical measurements in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002; 43: 2213-20.
17. Parisi V, Manni G, Centofanti M, Gandolfi SA, Olzi D, Bucci MG. Correlation between optical coherence tomography, pattern electroretinogram, and visual evoked potentials in open-angle glaucoma patients. Ophthalmology 2001; 108: 905-12.
18. Bach M. Electrophysiological approaches for early detection of glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2001; 11 Suppl 2: S41-9.
19. Pfeiffer N, Tillmon B, Bach M. Predictive value of the Pattern-Electroretinogram in high-risk ocular hypertension. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1993; 34: 1710-5.
20. Maddess T, James AC, Goldberg I, Wine S, Dobinson J. Comparing a parallel PERG, automated perimetry, and frequency-doubling thresholds. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; 41: 3827-32.
21. Bayer AU, Maag KP, Erb C. Detection of optic neuropathy in glaucomatous eyes with normal standard visual fields using a test battery of short-wavelength automated perimetry and pattern electroretinography. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 1350-61.
22. Unsoeld AS, Walter S, Meyer J, Funk J, Bach M. Pattern ERG as early risk indicator in ocular hypertension - an 9-year prospective study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001; 42: S146 (780).
23. Holder GE. Significance of abnormal pattern electroretinography in anterior visual pathway dysfunction. Br J Ophthalmol 1987; 71: 166-71.
24. Holder GE. Pattern electroretinography (PERG) and an integrated approach to visual pathway diagnosis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2001; 20: 531-61.
25. Drasdo N, Thompson DA, Thompson CM, Edwards L. Complementary components and local variations of the pattern electroretinogram. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1987; 28: 158-62.
26. van den Berg TJ, Boltjes B. The point-spread function of the eye from 0°-100° and the pattern electroretinogram. Doc Ophthalmol 1987; 67: 347-54.
27. Odom JV, Maida TM, Dawson WW. Pattern evoked retinal response (PERR) in human: Effects of spatial frequency, temporal frequency, luminance and defocus. Curr Eye Res 1982; 2: 99-108.
28. Siegel MJ, Marx MS, Bodis-Wollner I, Podos SM. The effect of refractive error on pattern electroretinograms in primates. Curr Eye Res 1986; 5: 183-7.
29. Leipert KP, Gottlob I. Pattern electroretinogram: Effects of miosis, accommodation, and defocus. Doc Ophthalmol 1987; 67: 335-46.
30. Lovasik JV, Konietzny EA. The effect of retinal image quality on steady state pattern ERGs and VEPs. Clin Vision Sci 1989; 4: 41-50.
31. Prager TC, Schweitzer FC, Peacock LW, Garcia CA. The effect of optical defocus on the pattern electroretinogram in normal subjects and patients with Alzheimer's disease. Am J Ophthalmol 1993; 116: 363-9.
32. Ver Hoeve JN, Danilov YP, Kim CB, Spear PD. VEP and PERG acuity in anesthetized young adult rhesus monkeys. Vis Neurosci 1999; 16: 607-17.
33. Marmor MF, Gawande A. Effect of visual blur on contrast sensitivity. Clinical implications. Ophthalmology 1988; 95: 139-43.
34. Bach M, Mathieu M. Pattern-ERG differentially affected by dioptric defocus and light scatter. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997; 38: S573 (#2673).
35. World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 2000; 284: 3043-45.
36. Bach M. The Freiburg Visual Acuity Test - Automatic measurement of visual acuity. Optometry Vision Sci 1996; 73: 49-53.
37. Bach M. Freiburg Visual Acuity & Contrast Test ('FrACT'). 2002; http://www.michaelbach.de/fract.html (08.04.2003).
38. Wesemann W. Visual acuity measured via the Freiburg visual acuity test (FVT), Bailey Lovie chart and Landolt Ring chart. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 2002; 219: 660-7.
39. Lieberman HR, Pentland AP. Microcomputer-based estimation of psychophysical thresholds: The best PEST. Behaviour Research Methods and Instrumtation 1982; 14: 21-5.
40. Bach M, Kommerell G. Determining visual acuity using European normal values: Scientific principles and possibilities for automatic measurement. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1998; 212: 190-5.
41. Bach M, Kommerell G. Determining visual acuity using European normal values: Scientific principles and possibilities for automatic measurement. 1998; http://www.ukl.unifreiburg.de/aug/bach/ops/visus98/index.html (08.04.2003).
42. Walsh G, Charman WN. The effect of defocus on the contrast and phase of the retinal image of a sinusoidal grating. Ophthal Physiol Opt 1989; 9: 398-04.
43. Churman WN. Night myopia and driving. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1996; 16: 474-85.
44. Dawson WW, Trick GL, Litzkow CA. Improved electrode for electroretinography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979; 18: 988-91.
45. Thompson DA, Drasdo N. An improved method for using the DTL fibre in electroretinography. Ophthal Physiol Opt 1987; 7: 315-9.
46. Bach M. Preparation and Montage of DTL-Electrodes. 1998; http://www.ukl.uni-freiburg.de/aug/bach/ops/dtl/index.html (09.02.2001).
47. Bach M. Freiburg Evoked Potentials. 2000; http://www.ukl.uni-freiburg.de/aug/bach/ep2000/ (09.02.2001).
48. Bach M, Meigen T. Do's and don'ts in Fourier analysis of steady-state potentials. Doc Ophthalmol 1999; 99: 69-82.
49. Bach M. Do's and don'ts in Fourier analysis of steady-state potentials. 1999; http://www.ukl.uni-freiburg.de/aug/bach/ops/fou/index.html (08.04.2003).
50. Bach M, Hawlina M, Holder GE, Marmor MF, Meigen T, Vaegan, Miyake Y. Standard for pattern electroretinography. Doc Ophthalmol 2000; 101: 11-8.
51. Harding GF, Odom JV, Spileers W, Spekreijse H. Standard for visual evoked potentials 1995. The International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Vision Res 1996; 36: 3567-72.
52. Chan C, Smith G, Jacobs RJ. Simulating refractive errors: source and observer methods. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1985; 62: 207-16.
53. Thompson D, Drasdo N. The effect of stimulus contrast on the latency and amplitude of the pattern electroretinogram. Vision Res 1989; 29: 309-13.
54. Zapf HR, Bach M. The contrast characteristic of the pattern electroretinogram depends on temporal frequency. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1999; 237: 93-9.
55. Hess R, Woo G. Vision through cataracts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978; 17: 428-35.