Two-photon excitation microscopy

Chemical Analysis

Volumn 137, Issue , 1996, Pages 253-272

  Piston, David W ^a  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 1842615970     PISSN: 00692883     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Agard, D. A., Hiraoka, Y., Shaw, P., and Sedat, J. W. (1989). Fluorescence microscopy in three dimensions. In Methods in Cell Biology, Vol. 30 (D. L. Taylor and Y.-L. Wang, Eds.), pp. 353-378. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
2. Bennett, B. D., Ying, G., Jetton, T., Magnuson, M. A., and Piston, D. W. (1995). Dynamics and distribution of glucose-induced NAD(P)H via two-photon excitation microscopy Biophys. J. 68, A290. (Abstract.)
3. Bighouse, R. (1991). Measurement of the two-photon absorption spectra of several fluorescent dyes. Master's Thesis in Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
4. Birge, R. R. (1986). Two-photon spectroscopy of protein-bound chromophores. Acc. Chem. Res. 19, 138-146.
5. Bliton, C., Lechleiter, J., and Clapham, D. E. (1993). Optical modifications enabling simultaneous confocal imaging with dyes excited by ultraviolet- and visible-wavelength light. J. Microsc. (Oxford). 169, 15-26.
6. Carrington, W., Fogarty, K. E., and Fay, F. S. (1990). Three-dimensional imaging on confocal and wide-field microscopes. In Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy (J. Pawley Ed.). Chapter 14. Plenum, New York.
7. Chance, B., and Thorell, B. (1959). Localization and kinetics of reduced pyridine nucleotide in living cells by microfluorometry. J. Biol. Chem. 234, 3044-3050.
8. Corrie, J. E. T. and Trentham, D. R. (1993). Caged Nucleotides and Neurotransmitters in Bioorganic Photochemistry (H. Morrison, Ed.). Vol. 2. Wiley, New York.
9. Curley, P. F., Ferguson, A. I., White, J. G., and Amos, W. B. (1992). Application of a femtosecond self-sustaining model-locked Ti:Sapphire laser to the field of laser scanning confocal microscopy. Opt. Quantum Electron 24, 851-855.
10. Denk, W. (1994) Two-photon scanning photochemical microscopy: Mapping ligandgated ion channel distributions. Proc. Nat Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 6629- 6633.
11. Denk, W., Piston, D. W., and Webb, W. W. (1994). Two-photon molecular excitation in laser scanning microscopy. In Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. (J. Pawley, Ed.), 2nd Ed., Chapter 28. Plenum, New York.
12. Denk, W., Strickler, J. H., and Webb, W. W. (1990). Two photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. Science 248, 73-76.
13. Eng, J., Lynch, R. M., and Balaban, R. S. (1989). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of isolated cardiac myocytes. Biophys. J. 55, 621-630.
14. Fork, R. L., Martinez, O. E., and Gordon, J. P. (1984). Negative dispersion using pairs of prisms. Opt. Lett. 9, 150.
15. Friedrich, D. M. (1982). Two-photon molecular spectroscopy. J. Chem. Educ. 59, 472.
16. Friedrich, D. M., and McClain, W. M. (1980). Two-photon molecular electronic spectroscopy. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 31, 559-577.
17. Göppert-Mayer, M. (1931). Über Elementarake mit zwei Quantensprungen. Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) [5] 9, 273-294.
18. Grynkiewicz, G., Poenie, M., and Tsien, R. Y. (1985). A new generation of indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties. J. Biol. Chem. 260, 3440-3450.
19. Guild, J. B., Piston, D. W., Sandison, D. R., and Webb, W. W. (1993). Fluorescence decay time imaging of rat basophillic leukemia cells by two-photon excitation microscopy. Biophys. J. 64, A110.
20. Hell, S., and Stelzer, E. H. K. (1992). Fundamental improvement of resolution with a 4Pi-confocal fluorescence microscope using two-photon excitation. Opt. Commun. 93, 277-282.
21. Hell, S., Reiner, G., Gremer, C., and Stelzer, H. K. (1993). Aberrations in confocal fluorescence microscopy induced by mismatches in refractive index. J. Microsc. (Oxford) 169, 391.
22. Hellwarth, R., and Christiansen, P. (1974). Nonlinear optical microscopy examination of structure in polycrostalline ZnSc. Opt. Commun. 12, 318-321.
23. 2+]. Phys. Rev. Lett, 7, 229-231.
24. Kennedy, S. M., and Lytle, F. E. (1986) p-bis(o-Methylstyryl)benzene as a power-sequared sensor for two-photon absorption measurements. Anal. Chem. 58, 2643-2653.
25. Kliger, S. (1983). Ultrasensitive Laser Spectroscopy. Academic Press, New York.
26. Ling, H., and Lee, S. (1984). Focusing of electromagnetic waves through a dielectric interface. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 1, 965-973.
27. Liu, Y., Cheng, D. K., Sonek, G. J., Berns, M. W., and Tromberg, B. J. (1994). Microfluorometric technique for the determination of localized heating in organic particles Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 919-921.
28. Malcolm, G. P. A., Curley, P. F., and Ferguson, S. I. (1990). Additive-pulse modelocking of a diode-plumped Nd-YLF Laser. Opt. Lett. 15, 1305-1307.
29. Masters, B. R., Kriete, A., and Kukulies, J. (1993) Ultraviolet confocal fluorescence Microscopy of the in vitro cornea: Redox metabolic imaging. Appl. Opt. 32, 592-596.
30. McClain, W. M. (1971). Excited state symmetry assignment through polarized two-photon absorption studies of fluids. J. Chem. Phys. 55, 2789.
31. Minta, A., Kao, J. P. Y., and Tsien, R. Y. (1989). Fluorescent indicators for cytosolic calcium based on rhodamine and fluorescein chromophores. J. Biol. Chem. 264, 8171-8178.
32. Nakamura, K. (1993). Three-dimensional imaging characteristics of laser scan fluorescence microscopy: Two-photon excitaton vs, single-photon excitation. Optik 93, 39-45.
33. Niggli, E., Piston, D. W., Kirby, M. S., Cheng, H., Sandison, D. R., Webb, W. W., and Lederer, W. J. (1994). A confocal laser scanning microscope designed for indicators with ultraviolet excitation wavelengths. Am. J. Physiol. 266, C303-C310.
34. Piston, D. W., Sandison, D. R., and Webb, W. W. (1992). Time-resolved fluorescence imaging and background rejection by two-photon excitation in laser scanning microscopy. Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1640, 379-390.
35. Piston, D. W., Summers, R. G., and Webb, W. W. (1993). Observation of nuclear division in living sea urchin embryos by two-photon fluorescence microcsopy. Biophys. J. 64, A110.
36. Piston, D. W., Kirby, M. S., Cheng, H., Lederer, W. J., and Webb, W.W. (1994). Two-photon-excitation fluorescence imaging of three dimensional calcium-ion activity. Appl. Opt.33, 662-669.
37. Piston, D. W., Masters, B. R., and Webb, W. W. (1995). Three-dimensionally resolved NAD(P)H cellular metabolic redox imaging of the in situ cornea with two-photon excitation laser scanning microscopy. J. Microscopy. (Oxford) 178, 20-27.
38. Rehms, A. A., and Callis, P. R. (1993). Two-photon fluorescence excitation spectra of aromatic amino acids. Chem. Phys. Lett. 208, 276-282.
39. Ridsdale, J. A., and Webb, W. W. (1993). The viability of cultured cells under two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Biophys. J. 63, A109.
40. Sandison, D. R., and Webb, W. W. (1994). Background rejection and signal-to-noise optimization in the Confocal and alternative fluorescence microscopes. Appl. Opt. 33, 603-615.
41. Sandison, D. R., Wells, K. S., Strickler, J., and Webb, W.W. (1994). Quantitative fluorescence imaging in laser scanning confocal microscopy. In Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy (J. Pawley, Ed.). 2nd ed., Chapter 3. Plenum, New York.
42. Sheppard, C. J. R. (1988). Aberrations in high aperture conventional and confocal imaging systems. Appl. Opt. 21, 4782-4786.
43. Sheppard, C. J. R., and Gu, M. (1990). Image formation in two photon fluorescence microscopy. Optik 86, 104-106.
44. Sheppard, C. J. R., and Kompfner, R. (1978). Resonant scanning optical microscope. Appl. Opt. 17, 2879-2884.
45. Silberzan, I., Williams, R. M., and Webb, W. W. (1993). Fluorescence photoactivation by two-photon excitation: Kinetics of uncaging and three dimensional point diffusion measurements. Biophys. J. 64, A109.
46. Spence, E. E., Kean, P. N., and Sibbett, W. (1991). 60-fsec pulse generation from a self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. Opt. Lett 16, 42.
47. Stelzer, E. H. K., Hell, S., and Lindek, S. (1994). Nonlinear absorption extends confocal fluorescence microscopy into the ultra-violet regime and confines the illumination volume. Opt. Commun. 104, 223.
48. Strickler, J. H., and Webb, W. W. (1991). Three dimensional optical data storage in refractive media by two-photon point excitation. Opt. Lett. 16, 1780-1782.
49. Summers, R. G., Morrill, J. B., Lieth, A., Marko, M., Piston, D. W., and Stonbreaker, A. T. (1993). A stereometric analysis of karyokinesis, cytokinesis and cell arrangements during and following fourth cleavage period in the sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus. Deve., Growh Differ. 35, 41-57.
50. Ulfhake, B., Carlsson, K., Mossberg, K., Arvidsson, U., and Helm, P. J. (1991). Imaging of fluorescent neurons labeled with fluoro-gold and fluorescent axon terminals labeled with AMCA (7-amino-4-methylcoumarine-3-acetic acid) conjugated antiserum using a UV-laser confocal scanning microscope. J. Neurosci. Methods 40, 39-48.
51. Valdemanis, J. A., Fork, R. L., and Gordon, J. P. (1985). Generation of optical pulses as short as 27 femtoseconds directly from a laser balancing self-phase modulation, group-velocity dispersion, saturable absorption, and saturable gain. Opt. Lett. 10, 112.
52. Visser, T. D., and Wiersma, S. H. (1991). Spherical aberration and the electromagnetic field in high-aperture systems. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 8, 1404-1410.
53. Visser, T. D., Oud, J. L., and Brakenhoff, G. J. (1992). Refractive index and axial distance measurements in 3-D microscopy. Optik 90, 17-19.
54. White, J. B., Amos, W. B., and Fordham, M. (1987). An evaluation of confocal versus conventional imaging of biological structures by fluorescence light microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 105, 41-48.
55. Wilson, T., and Sheppard, C. (1984). Theory and Practice of Scanning Optical Microscopy. Academic Press, New York.