National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference statement: Breast cancer screening for women ages 40-49, January 21-23, 1997

Journal of the National Cancer Institute

Volumn 89, Issue 14, 1997, Pages 1015-1026

  Hall, Bill ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER SCREENING; FEMALE; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMAN; MAMMOGRAPHY; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS;

EID: 1842301667     PISSN: 00278874     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jnci/89.14.1015     Document Type: Review

References (94)

1. Alexander FE, Anderson TJ, Brown HK, Forrest AP, Hepburn W, Kirkpatrick AE, et al. The Edinburgh randomised trial of breast cancer screening: results after 10 years of follow-up. Br J Cancer 1994;70:542-8.
2. American College of Radiology. Breast imaging reporting and data system. 2nd ed. Reston (VA): American College of Radiology, 1995.
3. Andersson I, Aspegren K, Janzon L, Landberg T, Lindholm K, Linell F, et al. Mammographic screening and mortality from breast cancer: the Malmö mammographic screening trial. BMJ 1988;297:943-8.
4. Baines CJ. Women and breast cancer: is it really possible for the public to be well informed? [editorial]. Can Med Assoc J 1992;146:2147-8.
5. Baines CJ, Miller AB, Bassett AA. Physical examination. Its role as a single screening modality in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study. Cancer 1989;63:1816-22.
6. Beemsterboer PM, Warmerdam PG, Boer R, de Koning HJ. Radiation risk of mammography related to benefit in screening programmes: a favourable balance? Unpublished manuscript.
7. Bjurstam N, Bjorneld L. Mammography screening in women aged 40-49 years at entry: results of the randomized, controlled trial in Gothenburg, Sweden. Presented at 26th National Conference on Breast Cancer, 1994 May 10; Palm Desert (CA).
8. Black WC, Nease RF Jr, Tosteson AN. Perceptions of breast cancer risk and screening effectiveness in women younger than 50 years of age. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:720-31.
9. Black WC, Welch HG. Advances in diagnostic imaging and overestimations of disease prevalence and the benefits of therapy. N Engl J Med 1993;328: 1237-43.
10. Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical methods in cancer research. Volume II - The design and analysis of cohort studies. IARC Sci Publ 1987;82:1-406.
11. Brown ML, Houn F, Sickles EA, Kessler LG. Screening mammography in community practice: positive predictive value of abnormal findings and yield of follow-up diagnostic procedures. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165: 1373-7.
12. Brown ML, Kessler LG, Rueter FG. Is the supply of mammography machines outstripping need and demand? An economic analysis. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:547-52.
13. Bull AR, Campbell MJ. Assessment of the psychological impact of a breast screening programme. Br J Radiol 1991;64:510-5.
14. Byrne C, Smart CR, Cherk C, Hartmann WH. Survival advantage differences by age. Evaluation of the extended follow-up of the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project. Cancer 1994;74(1 Suppl):301-10.
15. Cady B. Is axillary node dissection necessary in routine management of breast cancer? No. In: DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, editors. Important advances in oncology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:251-65.
16. Cady B, Stone MD, Schuler JG, Thakur R, Wanner MA, Lavin PT. The new era in breast cancer. Invasion, size, and nodal involvement dramatically decreasing as a result of mammographic screening. Arch Surg 1996;131:301-8.
17. Cady B, Stone MD, Wayne J. New therapeutic possibilities in primary invasive breast cancer. Ann Surg 1993;218:338-47.
18. Campbell HS, McBean M, Mandin H, Bryant H. Teaching medical students how to perform a clinical breast examination. Acad Med 1994;69:993-5.
19. Campbell HS, Fletcher SW, Pilgrim CA, Morgan TM, Lin S. Improving physicians' and nurses' clinical breast examination: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Prev Med 1991;7:1-8.
20. Chen HH, Duffy SW, Tabar L. A Markov chain method to estimate the tumor rate from preclinical to clinical phase, sensitivity and positive predictive value for mammography in breast cancer screening. The Statistician 1996; 45:307-17.
21. Cole P, Morrison AS. Basic issues in population screening for cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1980;64:1263-72.
22. Committee and Collaborators, Falun Meeting. Report of the meeting on mammographic screening for breast cancer in women aged 40-49, Falun, Sweden, March 1996. Int J Cancer. In press.
23. Cox B. Benefit of mammography screening in women ages 40-49 years. Current evidence from randomized controlled trials [letter]. Cancer 1996;78:572-3.
24. Curpen BN, Sickles EA, Sollitto RA, Ominsky SH, Galvin HB, Frankel SD. The comparative value of mammographic screening for women 40-49 years old versus women 50-64 years old. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;164:1099-103.
25. de Koning HJ. Current controversies in cancer. Is mass screening for breast cancer cost-effective? Eur J Cancer 1996:32A:1835-44.
26. de Koning HJ, Boer R, Warmerdam PG, Beemsterboer PM, van der Maas PJ. Quantitative interpretation of age-specific mortality reductions from the Swedish breast cancer-screening trials. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1217-23.
27. Duffy SW, Chen HH. Parameters of screening practice and outcome variation among programmes. Proceedings of the Falun Conference, 1996.
28. Eckhardt S, Badellino F, Murphy GP. UICC meeting on breast-cancer screening in pre-menopausal women in developed countries. Geneva. 29 September-1 October 1993. Int J Cancer 1994;56:1-5.
29. Elwood JM, Cox B, Richardson AK. The effectiveness of breast cancer screening by mammography in younger women [published errata appear in Online J Curr Clin Trials 1993. Doc No. 34 and 1994: Doc No. 121]. Online J Curr Clin Trials 1993; Doc No. 32.
30. Ernster VL. Epidemiology and natural history of ductal carcinoma in situ. In: Silverstein MJ, editor. Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. In press.
31. Ernster VL, Barclay J, Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Henderson C. Incidence of and treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. JAMA 1996;275:913-8.
32. Feig SA. Estimation of currently attainable benefit from mammographic screening of women aged 40-49 years. Cancer 1995;75:2412-9.
33. Feig SA. Assessment of radiation risk from screening mammography [editorial]. Cancer 1996;77:818-22.
34. Feig SA. Determination of mammographic screening intervals with surrogate measures for women aged 40-49 years [editorial]. Radiology 1994;193: 311-4.
35. Feig SA, Dodd GD, Hendrick RE. Mammography risks and benefits. In: Radiation protection in medicine. Proceedings of the Twenty-eighth Annual Meeting of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Proceedings No. 14. Bethesda (MD): National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 1993:240-53.
36. Fletcher SW, Black W, Harris R, Rimer BK, Shapiro S. Report of the International Workshop on Screening for Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993; 85:1644-56.
37. Frisell J, Eklund G, Hellstrom L, Lidbrink E, Rutqvist LE, Somell A. Randomized study of mammography screening - preliminary report on mortality in the Stockholm trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1991;18:49-56.
38. Frisell J, Glas U, Hellstrom L, Somell A. Randomized mammographic screening for breast cancer in Stockholm. Design, first rounds results and comparisons. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1986;8:45-54.
39. Frisell J, von Rosen A, Wiege M, Nilsson B, Goldman S. Interval cancer and survival in a randomized breast cancer screening trial in Stockholm. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1992;24:11-6.
40. Glasziou PP, Woodward AJ, Mahon CM. Mammographic screening trials for women aged under 50. A quality assessment and meta-analysis. Med J Aust 1995;162:625-9.
41. Gustafsson L. QUEST. A program system for statistical and epidemiological data analysis. Umeå, Sweden: Umeå University, January 1990.
42. Hakama M. Breast cancer screening with mammography [letter]. Lancet 1993; 341:1531.
43. Harris R, Leininger L. Clinical strategies for breast cancer screening: weighing and using the evidence. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:539-47.
44. Hellman S. Karnofsky Memorial Lecture. Natural history of small breast cancers. J Clin Oncol 1994;12:2229-34.
45. Henson RM, Wyatt SW, Lee NC. The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program: a comprehensive public health response to two major health issues for women. J Public Health Management Practice 1996;2:36-47.
46. House Committee on Government Operations. Misused science: the National Cancer Institute's elimination of mammography guidelines for women in their forties. Union Calendar No. 480. House Report 103-863. October 20, 1994.
47. Hutchison GB, Shapiro S. Lead time gained by diagnostic screening for breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1968;41:665-81.
48. Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Barclay J, Sickles EA, Eaton A, Ernster V. Positive predictive value of screening mammography by age and family history of breast cancer. JAMA 1993;270:2444-50.
49. Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Barclay J, Sickles EA, Ernster V. Effect of age, breast density, and family history on the sensitivity of first screening mammography. JAMA 1996;276:33-8.
50. Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Rubin SM, Sandrock C, Ernster VL. Efficacy of screening mammography. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1995;273:149-54.
51. Kopans DB. Mammography screening and the controversy concerning women aged 40 to 49. Rad Clin North Am 1995;33:1273-90.
52. Kopans DB, Feig SA. The Canadian National Breast Screening Study: a critical review. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1993;161:755-60.
53. Kopans DB, Halpern E, Hulka CA. Statistical power in breast cancer screening trials and mortality reduction among women 40-49 years of age with particular emphasis on the National Breast Screening Study of Canada. Cancer 1994;74:1196-203.
54. Kopans DB, Moore RH, McCarthy KA, Hall DA, Hulka CA, Whitman GJ, et al. The positive predictive value of breast biopsy performed as a result of mammography: there is no abrupt change at age 50 years. Radiology 1996; 200:357-60.
55. Lachin JM. Introduction to sample size determination and power analysis for clinical trials. Controlled Clin Trials 1981;2:93-113.
56. Larsson LG, Nystrom L, Wall S, Rutqvist L, Andersson I, Bjurstam N, et al. The Swedish randomised mammography screening trials: analysis of their effect on the breast cancer related excess mortality. J Med Screen 1996;3: 129-32.
57. Lein BC, Alex WR, Zebey DM, Pezzi CM. Results of needle localized breast biopsy in women under age 50. Am J Surg 1996;171:356-9.
58. Lerman C, Ross E, Boyce A, Gorchov P, McLaughlin R, Rimer BK, et al. The impact of mailed psychoeducational materials to women with abnormal mammograms. Am J Public Health 1992;82:729-30.
59. Lerman C, Track B, Rimer BK, Boyce A, Jepson C, Engstrom PF. Psychological and behavioral implications of abnormal mammograms. Ann Intern Med 1991;114:657-61.
60. Lidbrink E. Elfving J, Frisell J, Jonsson E. Neglected aspects of false positive findings of mammography in breast cancer screening: analysis of false positive cases from the Stockholm trial. BMJ 1996;312:273-6.
61. May DS, Jamison PM, Lee NC. Results from the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, October 1 1991-September 30, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994;43:530-4.
62. McCarthy BD, Yood MU, Boohaker EA, Ward RE, Rebner M, Johnson CC. Inadequate follow-up of abnormal mammograms. Am J Prev Med 1996;12: 282-8.
63. Mettler FA, Upton AC, Kelsey CA, Ashby RN, Rosenberg RD, Linver MN. Benefits versus risks from mammography: a critical reassessment. Cancer 1996;77:903-9.
64. Miller AB, Baines CJ, To T, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Screening Study: 1. Breast cancer detection and death rates among women aged 40 to 49 years [published erratum appears in Can Med Assoc J 1993;148:718]. Can Med Assoc J 1992;147:1459-76.
65. Miller AB, Howe GR, Sherman GJ, Lindsay JP, Yaffe MJ, Dinner PJ, et al. Mortality from breast cancer after irradiation during fluoroscopic examinations in patients being treated for tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 1989;321: 1285-9.
66. Moher D, Dulberg CS, Wells GA. Statistical power, sample size, and their reporting in randomized controlled trials. JAMA 1994;272:122-4.
67. Morrison AS. Screening in chronic disease. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
68. Nielsen M, Thomsen JL, Primdahl S, Dyreborg U, Andersen JA. Breast cancer and atypia among young and middle-aged women: a study of 110 medico-legal autopsies. Br J Cancer 1987;56:814-9.
69. Skrabanek P. Breast cancer screening with mammography [letter]. Lancet 1993; 341:1531-2.
70. Nystrom L, Larsson LG, Rutqvist LE, Lindgren A, Lindqvist M, Ryden S, et al. Determination of cause of death among breast cancer cases in the Swedish randomized mammography screening trials. A comparison between official statistics and validation by an endpoint committee. Acta Oncol 1995;34:145-52.
71. Nystrom L, Larsson LG, Wall S, Rutqvist LE, Andersson I, Bjurstam N, et al. The overview of the Swedish randomised mammography trials: total mortality pattern and the representivity of the study cohort. J Med Screen 1996; 3:85-7.
72. Nystrom L, Rutqvist LE, Wall S, Lindgren A, Lindqvist M, Ryden S, et al. Breast cancer screening with mammography: overview of Swedish randomised trials [published erratum appears in Lancet 1993;342:1372]. Lancet 1993;341:973-8.
73. van Oortmarssen GJ, Habbema JD, van der Mass PJ, de Koning HJ, Collette HJ, Verbeek AL, et al. A model for breast cancer screening. Cancer 1990;66: 1601-12.
74. Reese-Coulbourne J, National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Yaker A, executive director, Share, New York; Wiener B, director, Women's Cancer Resource Center, Minneapolis, MN; and the newsletters of Breast Cancer Action, San Francisco, and the Women's Community Cancer Project, Cambridge, MA.
75. Roberts MM, Alexander FE, Anderson TJ, Chetty U, Donnan PT, Forrest P, et al. Edinburgh trial of screening for breast cancer: mortality at seven years. Lancet 1990;335:241-6.
76. Roberts MM, Alexander FE, Anderson TJ, Forrest AP, Hepburn W, Huggins A, et al. The Edinburgh randomised trial of screening for breast cancer: description of method. Br J Cancer 1984;50:1-6.
77. Rutqvist LE. Summary of the characteristics of the Swedish trials. Proceedings of the Falun Conference, 1996.
78. Shapiro S, Venet W, Strax P, et al. Current results of the breast cancer screening randomized trial: the Health Insurance Plan (HIP) of greater New York study. In: Day N, Miller A, editors. Screening for breast cancer. Toronto: Hans Huber, 1988.
79. Shapiro S, Venet W, Strax P, Venet L. Periodic screening for breast cancer: the Health Insurance Plan project and its sequelae, 1963-1986. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.
80. Shapiro S, Venet W, Strax P, et al. Selection, follow-up, and analysis in the Health Insurance Plan study: a randomized trial with breast cancer screening. In: Garfinkel L, Ochs O, Mushinski M, editors. Selection, follow-up, and analysis in prospective studies: a workshop. NIH Publ No. 85-2713; National Cancer Institute Monograph 67. Washington (DC): DHHS, PHS, 1985.
81. Shapiro S, Venet W, Strax P, Venet L, Roeser R. Ten-to fourteen-year effect of screening on breast cancer mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst 1982;69:349-55.
82. Sickles EA, Kopans DB. Deficiencies in the analysis of breast cancer screening data [editorial]. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:1621-4.
83. Smart CR, Hendrick RE, Rutledge JH 3rd, Smith RA. Benefit of mammography screening in women ages 40-49 years. Current evidence from randomized controlled trials. Cancer 1995;75:1619-26.
84. Tabar L, Duffy SW, Chen HH. Re: Quantitative interpretation of age-specific mortality reductions from the Swedish breast cancer screening trials. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:52-5.
85. Tabar L, Duffy SW, Burhenne LW. New Swedish breast cancer detection results for women aged 40-49. Cancer 1993;72:1437-48.
86. Tabar L, Fagerberg G, Chen HH, Duffy SW, Gad A. Screening for breast cancer in women aged under 50: mode of detection, incidence, fatality, and histology. J Med Screen 1995;2:94-8.
87. Tabar L, Fagerberg G, Duffy SW, Day NE, Gad A, Grontoft O. Update of the Swedish two-county program of mammographic screening for breast cancer. Radiol Clin North Am 1992;30:187-210.
88. Tabar L, Fagerberg G, Chen HH, Duffy SW, Gad A. Tumour development, histology and grade of breast cancers: prognosis and progression. Int J Cancer 1996;66:413-9.
89. Tabar L, Fagerberg G, Chen HH, Duffy SW, Smart CR, Gad A, et al. Efficacy of breast cancer screening by age. New results from the Swedish Two-County Trial. Cancer 1995;75:2507-17.
90. Tarone RE. The excess of patients with advanced breast cancer in young women screened with mammography in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study. Cancer 1995;75:997-1003.
91. Thurfjell EL, Lindgren JA. Breast cancer survival rates with mammographic screening: similar favorable survival rates for women younger and those older than 50 years. Radiology 1996;201:421-6.
92. Thurfjell EL, Lindgren JA. Population-based mammography screening in Swedish clinical practice: prevalence and incidence screening in Uppsala county. Radiology 1994;193:351-7.
93. Wald N, Chamberlain F, Hackshaw A. Report of the European Society for Mastology: Breast Cancer Screening Evaluation Committee (1993). Breast 1993;2:209-16.
94. Walter SD, Day NE. Estimation of the duration of the pre-clinical state using screening data. Am J Epidemiol 1983;118:865-86.