Determining the sex of human remains through cranial morphology

Journal of Forensic Sciences

Volumn 50, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 493-500

  Rogers, Tracy L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Forensic science; Morphology; Sex determination; Skull

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; CADAVER; CANADA; CHIN; CRANIOFACIAL MORPHOLOGY; FEMALE; FOREHEAD; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MALE; MANDIBLE; MASTOID; MORPHOMETRICS; NOSE; PALATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DETERMINATION; SKULL; STANDARD; ZYGOMA;

EID: 18244400439     PISSN: 00221198     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1520/jfs2003385     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Meadows L, Jantz RL. Estimation of stature from metacarpal lengths. J Forensic Sci 1992:37(1):147-54.
2. Rogers TL. The attribution of ancestry for European and Indian (South Asian) individuals within a forensic context [dissertation]. Burnaby (BC): Simon Fraser University, 2000.
3. Prince DA, Ubelaker D. Application of Lamendin's adult aging technique to a diverse skeletal sample. J Forensic Sci 2002;47(1):107-16.
4. Krogman WM, Işcan MY. The human skeleton in forensic medicine. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas, 1986.
5. Roberts CA. Forensic anthropology 1: the contribution of biological anthropology to forensic contexts. In: Hunter J, Roberts C, Martin A, editors. Studies in crime: an introduction to forensic archaeology. London: Routledge, 1996;101-21.
6. Byers S. Introduction to forensic anthropology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2002.
7. White T. Human osteology (2nd edition). New York: Academic Press, 2000.
8. Burns K. Forensic anthropology training manual. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1999.
9. Bass WM. Human osteology: a laboratory and field manual. Columbia: Missouri Archaeological Society, 1995.
10. Buikstra JE, Ubelaker DH. Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains. Fayetteville: Arkansas Archeological Survey, 1994.
11. Giles E, Elliot O. Sex determination by discriminant function analysis of the crania. Am J Phys Anthropol 1963;21:53-68.
12. Henke W. On the method of Discriminant function analysis for sex determination of the skull. J Forensic Sci 1977;6:95-100.
13. Keen JA. A study of the differences between male and female skulls. Am J Phys Anthropol 1950;8:65-79.
14. Kelley MA. Sex determination with fragmented skeletal remains. J Forensic Sci 1979;24:154-58.
15. Richman EA, Michel ME, Schulter-Ellis FP, Corrunccini RS. Determination of sex by Discriminant function analysis of postcranial skeletal measurements. J Forensic Sci 1979;24:159-63.
16. Kalmey, JK, Rathbun TA. Sex determination by Discriminant function analysis of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. J Forensic Sci 1996;41(5):865-7.
17. Bidmos MA, Asala SA. Discriminant function sexing of the calcaneus of the South African Whites. J Forensic Sci 2003;48(6):1213-8.
18. Introna F, Jr, Di Vella G, Campobasso CP, Dragone M. Sex determination by Discriminant analysis of calcanei measurements. J Forensic Sci 1997;42(4):725-8.
19. Ousley SD, Jantz RL. Fordisc 2.0: personal computer forensic discriminant functions. Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 1996.
20. Buikstra JE, Mielke JH. Demography, diet, and health. In: Gilbert RI, Mielke JH, editors. The analysis of prehistoric diets. Orlando: Academic Press, 1985.
21. Albanese J. A metric method for sex determination using the hipbone and the femur. J Forensic Sci 2003;48(2):263-73.
22. Wanek V. A qualitative analysis for sex determination in humans utilizing posterior and medial aspects of the distal humerus [dissertation]. Portland (OR): Portland State University, 2002.
23. Rogers TL. Sex determination and age estimation: skeletal evidence from St. Thomas' Cemetery Belleville, Ontario [dissertation]. Hamilton (ON): McMaster University, 1991.
24. Rogers T, Saunders S. Accuracy of sex determination using morphological traits of the human pelvis. J Forensic Sci 1994;39(4):1047-56.
25. Rogers T. A visual method of determining the sex of skeletal remains using the distal humerus. J Forensic Sci 1999;44(1):55-9.
26. Graw M, Czarnetzki A, Haffner H. The form of the supraorbital margin as a criterion in identification of sex from the skull: investigations based on modern human skulls. Am J Phys Anthropol 1999;108:91-6.
27. Gülekon IN, Turgut HB. The external occipital protuberance: can it be used as a criterion in the determination of sex? J Forensic Sci 2003;48(3):513-6.
28. Loth SR, Henneberg M. Mandibular ramus flexure is a good indicator of sexual dimorphism. Am J Phys Anthropol 1998;105(1):91-2.
29. Haun SJ. Brief communication: a study of the predictive accuracy of mandibular ramus flexure as a singular morphologic indicator of sex in an archaeological sample. Am J Phys Anthropol 2000;111(3): 429-32.
30. Hill CA. Technical note: evaluating mandibular ramus flexure as a morphological indicator of sex. Am J Phys Anthropol 2000;111(4): 573-7.
31. Walker PL, Drayer FJ, Siefkin SK. Malibu human skeletal remains: a bioarchaeological analysis. Santa Barbara: Department of Anthropology, University of California-Santa Barbara, 1996.
32. Konigsberg L, Hens SM. Use of ordinal categorical variables in skeletal assessment of sex from the cranium. Am J Phys Anthropol 1998;107:97-112.
33. United States Supreme Court in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993).
34. Regina v. Mohan, [1994] S.C.R. File No. 23063.
35. Enlow DH. Handbook of facial growth (2nd edition). Toronto: W.B. Saunders Company, 1982.
36. Humphrey LT. Growth patterns in the modern human skeleton. Am J Phys Anthropol 1998;105(2):57-72.
37. Buschang PH, Baume RM, Nass G. A craniofacial growth maturity gradient for males and females between 4 and 16 years of age. Am J Phys Anthropol 1983;61(3):373-82.
38. Goldstein MS. Changes in dimensions and form of the face and head with age. Am J Phys Anthropol (old series) 1936;22:37-89.
39. Nanda RS. The rates of growth of several facial components measured from serial cephalometric roentgenograms. Am J Ortho 1955;41:658-73.
40. St. Hoyme LE, Işcan MY. Determination of sex and race: accuracy and assumptions. In: Işcan MY, Kennedy KAR, editors. Reconstruction of life from the skeleton. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1989.
41. Baughan B, Demirjian A. Sexual dimorphism in the growth of the cranium. Am J Phys Anthropol 1978;49:383-90.
42. Tallgren A. Neurocranial morphology and ageing-a longitudinal roentgen cephalometric study of adult Finnish women. Am J Phys Anthropol 1974;41:285-94.
43. Meindl RS, Lovejoy CO, Mensforth RP, Don Carlos L. Accuracy and direction of error in the sexing of the skeleton: implications for paleodemography. Am J Phys Anthropol 1985;68:79-85.
44. Weiss KM. On the systematic bias in skeletal sexing. Am J Phys Anthropol 1972;37:239-50.
45. Krogman WM. The skeleton in the forensic medicine. Postgrad Med 1955;17(2):A48-A62.
46. Stewart TD. Sex determination of the skeleton by guess and by measurement. Am J Phys Anthropol 1954;12:385-92.
47. Nichol CR, Turner CG. Intra- and interobserver concordance in classifying dental morphology. Am J Phys Anthropol 1986;69(3):299-315.
48. Rogers TL, Allard TT. Expert testimony and positive identification of human remains through cranial suture patterns. J Forensic Sci 2004; 49(2):203-7.