Experimental observation of nanojets formed by heating PbO-coated Pb clusters

Physical Review Letters

Volumn 94, Issue 9, 2005, Pages

  Song, Fengqi ^a   Han, Min ^a   Liu, Minda ^a   Chen, Bang ^a   Wan, Jianguo ^a   Wang, Guanghou ^a  

^a NANJING UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COATED CLUSTERS; JET FORMATION; NANOJETS; VOLUME EXPANSION;

COATINGS; FLUIDICS; HEATING; JETS; LEAD COMPOUNDS; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; ORIFICES; RAMAN SCATTERING; SPECTROMETERS; THERMAL EFFECTS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ULTRAHIGH VACUUM;

NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS;

EID: 18244400435     PISSN: 00319007     EISSN: 10797114     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.093401     Document Type: Article

References (10)

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6. Selected area electron diffraction of the films show that Pb in the core has a structure of fee which is normally believed to be Roman inactive. And all of the Raman peaks that appear in our experiments correspond to those of lead oxide assigned by D. M. Adams and D. C. Stevens, as reported in J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 1977, 1096 (1977).
7. AS mean the intensity of Stokes and anti-Stokes peak, respectively. We have compared the calculated temperature with the one given by the thermocouple in the Raman spectrometer. The temperature modification from the 15 mW-laser heating is determined to be about 40 °C. We can also judge the melting point of the Pb clusters by the sudden increase in pressure after correction from laser heating effect. The increase point is at about 120 °C and the correction is 40 °C. We can see that the melting point of the clusters in the selected domain is at about 160 °C.
8. As shown in Fig. 2(c), the tangent stress can be generated in order to create balance with the inner expansion. The stress will induce the Raman peaks' broadening. Debdulal Roy and T. W. Clyne, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/mmc/ research/diamondfilm/diamond/diamond_results.html.
9. M. Wautelet, J. Phys. D 24, 343 (1991).
10. 8 Pa, the same order as in the theoretical simulation. Furthermore, the pressure will continue to increase because the liquid core will continue to expand with the increase of the heating temperature. (For the free bulk liquid lead the temperature increase of 100 °C will generate 0.3% of the volume increase.) Given the same thickness, the oxide shell will be broken from the same expansion. It is evident that with the same pressure, the larger cluster will generate a larger expansion. Therefore the size of the smallest broken cluster will present the pressure reached at the temperature.