Jewish-christian relations in Aleppo as background for the jewish response to the events of October 1850

International Journal of Middle East Studies

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 77-96

  Harel, Yaron ^a  

^a BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 18144395486     PISSN: 00207438     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0020743800065570     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Several sources and studies describe the chain of events. See, for instance, E. Barker, Syria and Egypt under the Last Five Sultans of Turkey (London, 1876), 287-96; Kämil al-Ghazzï, Nähr al-dhahab fi tarikh Halab (Aleppo, 1926), 3:366-82; Bülus Qarali, Ahamm hawädith Halab (Egypt, n.d.), 79 ff.; Mohammad Räghib al-Tabbäkh, Iläm al-mubalä bi-tarikh Halab al-shahbä (Aleppo, 1924), 3:438-440; "The Diary of Naüm Bakhkhäsh," in Al-Ab Firdinan Tütal al-Yasuï, Wathäiq tarikhiyya an Halab (Beirut, 1962), 3:140-43; M. Maoz, Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine 1840-1860 (Oxford, 1968), 102-7.
2. Several sources and studies describe the chain of events. See, for instance, E. Barker, Syria and Egypt under the Last Five Sultans of Turkey (London, 1876), 287-96; Kämil al-Ghazzï, Nähr al-dhahab fi tarikh Halab (Aleppo, 1926), 3:366-82; Bülus Qarali, Ahamm hawädith Halab (Egypt, n.d.), 79 ff.; Mohammad Räghib al-Tabbäkh, Iläm al-mubalä bi-tarikh Halab al-shahbä (Aleppo, 1924), 3:438-440; "The Diary of Naüm Bakhkhäsh," in Al-Ab Firdinan Tütal al-Yasuï, Wathäiq tarikhiyya an Halab (Beirut, 1962), 3:140-43; M. Maoz, Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine 1840-1860 (Oxford, 1968), 102-7.
3. Several sources and studies describe the chain of events. See, for instance, E. Barker, Syria and Egypt under the Last Five Sultans of Turkey (London, 1876), 287-96; Kämil al-Ghazzï, Nähr al-dhahab fi tarikh Halab (Aleppo, 1926), 3:366-82; Bülus Qarali, Ahamm hawädith Halab (Egypt, n.d.), 79 ff.; Mohammad Räghib al-Tabbäkh, Iläm al-mubalä bi-tarikh Halab al-shahbä (Aleppo, 1924), 3:438-440; "The Diary of Naüm Bakhkhäsh," in Al-Ab Firdinan Tütal al-Yasuï, Wathäiq tarikhiyya an Halab (Beirut, 1962), 3:140-43; M. Maoz, Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine 1840-1860 (Oxford, 1968), 102-7.
4. Several sources and studies describe the chain of events. See, for instance, E. Barker, Syria and Egypt under the Last Five Sultans of Turkey (London, 1876), 287-96; Kämil al-Ghazzï, Nähr al-dhahab fi tarikh Halab (Aleppo, 1926), 3:366-82; Bülus Qarali, Ahamm hawädith Halab (Egypt, n.d.), 79 ff.; Mohammad Räghib al-Tabbäkh, Iläm al-mubalä bi-tarikh Halab al-shahbä (Aleppo, 1924), 3:438-440; "The Diary of Naüm Bakhkhäsh," in Al-Ab Firdinan Tütal al-Yasuï, Wathäiq tarikhiyya an Halab (Beirut, 1962), 3:140-43; M. Maoz, Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine 1840-1860 (Oxford, 1968), 102-7.
5. Several sources and studies describe the chain of events. See, for instance, E. Barker, Syria and Egypt under the Last Five Sultans of Turkey (London, 1876), 287-96; Kämil al-Ghazzï, Nähr al-dhahab fi tarikh Halab (Aleppo, 1926), 3:366-82; Bülus Qarali, Ahamm hawädith Halab (Egypt, n.d.), 79 ff.; Mohammad Räghib al-Tabbäkh, Iläm al-mubalä bi-tarikh Halab al-shahbä (Aleppo, 1924), 3:438-440; "The Diary of Naüm Bakhkhäsh," in Al-Ab Firdinan Tütal al-Yasuï, Wathäiq tarikhiyya an Halab (Beirut, 1962), 3:140-43; M. Maoz, Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine 1840-1860 (Oxford, 1968), 102-7.
6. Several sources and studies describe the chain of events. See, for instance, E. Barker, Syria and Egypt under the Last Five Sultans of Turkey (London, 1876), 287-96; Kämil al-Ghazzï, Nähr al-dhahab fi tarikh Halab (Aleppo, 1926), 3:366-82; Bülus Qarali, Ahamm hawädith Halab (Egypt, n.d.), 79 ff.; Mohammad Räghib al-Tabbäkh, Iläm al-mubalä bi-tarikh Halab al-shahbä (Aleppo, 1924), 3:438-440; "The Diary of Naüm Bakhkhäsh," in Al-Ab Firdinan Tütal al-Yasuï, Wathäiq tarikhiyya an Halab (Beirut, 1962), 3:140-43; M. Maoz, Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine 1840-1860 (Oxford, 1968), 102-7.
7. The most recent study in this field is Bruce Masters, "The 1850 Events in Aleppo: An Aftershock of Syria's Incorporation into the Capitalist World System," International Journal of Middle East Studies 22 (1990): 3-20.
8. This theory was recently discussed at length in Reşat Kasaba, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy - The Nineteenth Century (Albany, 1988). See also Ilkay Sunar, "State and Economy in the Ottoman Empire," in The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy, ed. Huri Islamoǧlu Inan (Cambridge, 1987), 63-87. See also in the same volume, Immanuel Wallerstein, Hale Decdeli, and Reşat Kasaba, "The Incorporation of the Ottoman Empire into the World Economy," 88-97. On the European economic influence on the economy of the Ottoman Empire in detail, see Şevket Pamuk, The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820-1913 (Cambridge, 1987).
9. This theory was recently discussed at length in Reşat Kasaba, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy - The Nineteenth Century (Albany, 1988). See also Ilkay Sunar, "State and Economy in the Ottoman Empire," in The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy, ed. Huri Islamoǧlu Inan (Cambridge, 1987), 63-87. See also in the same volume, Immanuel Wallerstein, Hale Decdeli, and Reşat Kasaba, "The Incorporation of the Ottoman Empire into the World Economy," 88-97. On the European economic influence on the economy of the Ottoman Empire in detail, see Şevket Pamuk, The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820-1913 (Cambridge, 1987).
10. This theory was recently discussed at length in Reşat Kasaba, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy - The Nineteenth Century (Albany, 1988). See also Ilkay Sunar, "State and Economy in the Ottoman Empire," in The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy, ed. Huri Islamoǧlu Inan (Cambridge, 1987), 63-87. See also in the same volume, Immanuel Wallerstein, Hale Decdeli, and Reşat Kasaba, "The Incorporation of the Ottoman Empire into the World Economy," 88-97. On the European economic influence on the economy of the Ottoman Empire in detail, see Şevket Pamuk, The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820-1913 (Cambridge, 1987).
11. This theory was recently discussed at length in Reşat Kasaba, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy - The Nineteenth Century (Albany, 1988). See also Ilkay Sunar, "State and Economy in the Ottoman Empire," in The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy, ed. Huri Islamoǧlu Inan (Cambridge, 1987), 63-87. See also in the same volume, Immanuel Wallerstein, Hale Decdeli, and Reşat Kasaba, "The Incorporation of the Ottoman Empire into the World Economy," 88-97. On the European economic influence on the economy of the Ottoman Empire in detail, see Şevket Pamuk, The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820-1913 (Cambridge, 1987).
12. Masters, "Events," 5.
13. M. Labaton, "Nokhah ha-Shulhan" (Responsa) (Izmir, 5622/1862), 28. About the literature written by the rabbis of Aleppo in the 19th century, see Y. Harel, Sifrei Evets: The Rabbinic Literature of the Scholars of Aleppo (Jerusalem, 1997). It is also puzzling that the Syrian Muslim sources throughout the 19th century generally make no reference to Jews. For attempts to explain this, see A. Almaleh, "Mekorot Hadashim al Gedulatam ve-Hashpaatam ha-Medinit veha-Khalkhalit shel ha-Sarim le-mishpahat Farhi be-Suria," in Zikhron Yosef, ed. A. Almaleh (Jerusalem, 5708/1948), 40-51; Y. M. Landau and M. Maoz, "Yehudim ve-lo Yehudim ba-Mitzraim uve-Suria ba-Mea ha-Tesha Esre," Peamim 8 (1981): 4-13.
14. M. Labaton, "Nokhah ha-Shulhan" (Responsa) (Izmir, 5622/1862), 28. About the literature written by the rabbis of Aleppo in the 19th century, see Y. Harel, Sifrei Evets: The Rabbinic Literature of the Scholars of Aleppo (Jerusalem, 1997). It is also puzzling that the Syrian Muslim sources throughout the 19th century generally make no reference to Jews. For attempts to explain this, see A. Almaleh, "Mekorot Hadashim al Gedulatam ve-Hashpaatam ha-Medinit veha-Khalkhalit shel ha-Sarim le-mishpahat Farhi be-Suria," in Zikhron Yosef, ed. A. Almaleh (Jerusalem, 5708/1948), 40-51; Y. M. Landau and M. Maoz, "Yehudim ve-lo Yehudim ba-Mitzraim uve-Suria ba-Mea ha-Tesha Esre," Peamim 8 (1981): 4-13.
15. M. Labaton, "Nokhah ha-Shulhan" (Responsa) (Izmir, 5622/1862), 28. About the literature written by the rabbis of Aleppo in the 19th century, see Y. Harel, Sifrei Evets: The Rabbinic Literature of the Scholars of Aleppo (Jerusalem, 1997). It is also puzzling that the Syrian Muslim sources throughout the 19th century generally make no reference to Jews. For attempts to explain this, see A. Almaleh, "Mekorot Hadashim al Gedulatam ve-Hashpaatam ha-Medinit veha-Khalkhalit shel ha-Sarim le-mishpahat Farhi be-Suria," in Zikhron Yosef, ed. A. Almaleh (Jerusalem, 5708/1948), 40-51; Y. M. Landau and M. Maoz, "Yehudim ve-lo Yehudim ba-Mitzraim uve-Suria ba-Mea ha-Tesha Esre," Peamim 8 (1981): 4-13.
16. M. Labaton, "Nokhah ha-Shulhan" (Responsa) (Izmir, 5622/1862), 28. About the literature written by the rabbis of Aleppo in the 19th century, see Y. Harel, Sifrei Evets: The Rabbinic Literature of the Scholars of Aleppo (Jerusalem, 1997). It is also puzzling that the Syrian Muslim sources throughout the 19th century generally make no reference to Jews. For attempts to explain this, see A. Almaleh, "Mekorot Hadashim al Gedulatam ve-Hashpaatam ha-Medinit veha-Khalkhalit shel ha-Sarim le-mishpahat Farhi be-Suria," in Zikhron Yosef, ed. A. Almaleh (Jerusalem, 5708/1948), 40-51; Y. M. Landau and M. Maoz, "Yehudim ve-lo Yehudim ba-Mitzraim uve-Suria ba-Mea ha-Tesha Esre," Peamim 8 (1981): 4-13.