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E.J. Park, Z. Jeknic, A. Sakamoto, J. DeNoma, R. Yuwansiri, N. Murata, and T.H.H. Chen Genetic engineering of glycinebetaine synthesis in tomato protects seeds, plants, and flowers from chilling damage Plant J 40 2004 474 487 The authors transform tomato with a plastid-targeted version of the Arthrobacter globiformis choline oxidase (CO), which converts choline to glycinebetaine. Up to 86% of the total GB content of leaves was found in the plastids. Levels of GB of as little as 0.1 mmol/g fresh weight protected plants from chilling stress, perhaps because hydrogen peroxide is a product of the CO reaction and might induce additional protective mechanisms.
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Phytochemistry
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Willits, M.G.1
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G.Y. Jung, and G. Stephanopoulos A functional protein chip for pathway optimization and in vitro metabolic engineering Science 304 2004 428 431 The authors show that it is possible to immobilize functionally active enzymes on chips or in microwells, with their quantities being determined by the level of initially bound capture DNA complementary to the RNA portion of the expressed mRNA-protein fusion. This allows rapid testing of pathway function in vivo using cloned genes for which the relative kinetic parameters, or even functional identity, have yet to be determined. The concept is validated by optimizing a five-reaction pathway. This approach has potential for in vitro combinatorial expression of novel plant natural product pathways.
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Science
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Jung, G.Y.1
Stephanopoulos, G.2
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