"Barebacking": Intentional condomless anal sex in HIV-risk contexts. Reasons for and against it

Journal of Homosexuality

Volumn 47, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 1-16

  Carballo Diéguez, Alex ^a,c   Bauermeister, José ^b  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^c NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bareback; Barebacking; Condoms; Gay men; HIV transmission risk; Homosexual; Unprotected anal sex

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONDOM; DECISION MAKING; HOMOSEXUALITY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFECTION RISK; MALE; RESPONSIBILITY; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SOCIAL ASPECT; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; ATTITUDE; CONDOMS; HIV INFECTIONS; HOMOSEXUALITY, MALE; HUMANS; INTERNET; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK-TAKING; SAFE SEX; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 17944391018     PISSN: 00918369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1300/J082v47n01_01     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Barebacking: Sex without a net. (1998, March) [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.mbay.net/~wes/monterey/tpmar98/tpmar98._barebacking. html
2. Birnbaum, M.H. (2000). Psychological Experiments on the Internet. Academic Press, London, 317 pages.
3. Bull, C. (1999, April 13). The backlash. The Advocate, pp. 46-47.
4. Carballo-Diéguez, A., Stein, Z., Sáez, H., Dolezal, C., Nieves-Rosa, L.E., Díaz, F. (2000). Frequent use of lubricants for anal sex among men who have sex with men: The prevention potential of a microbicidal gel. American Journal of Public Health, 90, 1117-1121.
5. Clark, M. (2001, February 5). Gay men of the world, give up the Russian roulette. New Statesman, 14 (642), pp. 32-33.
6. Cloud, J. (2001, June 11). AIDS at 20. Time, p. 83.
7. Condon, L. (2001. March). Cruising for safe sex, The Advocate, 833, pp. 37-38.
8. Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, Intention and Behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.
9. Fishbein, M., Chan, D.K.S., O'Reilly, K., Schnell, D., Wood, R., Becker, C., & Cohn, D. (1993). Factors influencing gay men's attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions with respect to preforming sexual behaviors. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 23(6), 417-438.
10. Gackenbach, J. (1998). Psychology and the Internet. Academic Press, London, 369 pages.
11. Gauthier, D.K., Forsyth, C.J. (1999). Bareback sex, bug chasers, and the gift of death. Deviant Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 20, 85-100.
12. Gendin, S. (1997, June). Skin-on-skin sex-Been there, done that, want more [Electronic version]. POZ Magazine. Retrieved on June 18, 2001: from http://sqzm14.ust.hk/files/bare.txt
13. Goodroad, B.K., Kirsey, K.M., & Butensky, E. (2000). Bareback sex and gay men: An HIV prevention failure. Journal of Associated Nurses AIDS Care, 11(6), 29-36.
14. Gross, M., Celum, C.L., Tabet, S.R., Kelly, C.W., Coletti, A.S., Chesney, M.A. (1999). Acceptability of a bioadhesive nonoxynol-9 gel delivered by an applicator as a rectal microbicide. Sexual Transmitted Diseases, 26(10), 572-578.
15. Harpaz, B.J. (1999, January 31). Unprotected sex, diseases up among gay men: Many view AIDS differently now that drugs lengthen lives. Detroit News, p. A6.
16. Hawkes, C. (2000). The cost of complacency. Maclean's, 31(113), 46-47.
17. Halkitis, P. (2000). Sexual Dealing-Negotiating and decision making for HIV+ gay men. Body Positive, 13 (6). Retrieved on July 3, 2001, from: http://www.thebody. com/bp/jun00/dealing.html
18. Kirby, D. (1999. April). Risky business: Barebacking celebrates unprotected sex and raises difficult issues about AIDS prevention. The Advocate, 783, p. 40.
19. Lenius, S. (1999, May 6). Barebacking: Stop the madness. It's not chic, it's not rebellious: it's suicide [Electronic version]. Lavender Magazine, 102(4). Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.lavendermagazine.com/102/ 102_out_56.html
20. Main, D. (n.d.). Buck barebacking with reality [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://content.gay.com/channels/health/whole_body/wb_9.html
21. Mallinger, M.S. (1998, April 6). About anal sex, barebacking: slogans aren't enough [online]. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on June 5, 2001, from: http://gaytoday. badpuppy.com/garchive/viewpoint/040698vi.htm
22. Mansergh G., Marks G., Colfax G.N., Guzman R., Rader M., Buchbinder S. (2002). Barebacking in a diverse sample of men who have sex with men. AIDS, 16(4). 653-659.
23. Marks, G., Mansergh, G., Crepaz, N., Murphy, S., Miller, L.C., & Appleby, P.R. (2000). Future HIV prevention options for men who have sex with men: Preferences and intentions regarding a potential topical microbicide for anal intercourse. AIDS and Behavior, 4(3), 279-287.
24. Microbicides (2002). Abstract of the Microbicides 2002 Conference. Antwerp. Belgium.
25. Mirken, B. (1999, May). Barebacking bickering: A rush to judgement hurts us all [Electronic version]. The Guide: Gay Travel, Entertainment, Politics & Sex. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://208.249.122.222
26. National Sex Panic Summit. (1997, November 13). Retrieved on June 21, 2001. from: http://www.managingdesire.org/sexpanic/sexpanicpressrelease.html
27. Odets, W. (1996). Risk appraisals and HIV prevention. Focus, 11, 1-4.
28. Peyser, M., Roberts, E., Frappa, S. (1997, August 29). A deadly dance. Newsweek, 130 (13), 76-78.
29. Pinkerton, S. & Abramson (1992). Is risky sex rationale? Journal of Sex Research, 29, 561-568.
30. Ricks, I. (1999, April). She said, she said: Eleven lesbians sound off on the controversial practice of bareback sex [Electronic version], The Advocate. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.advocate.com/html/stories/0499A/ 0499_backlash.asp
31. Rofes, E. (1999, April 12). Barebacking and the new AIDS hysteria: AIDS leaders defame gay men, misread data, and demand a crisis mentality. Is it any wonder gay men are tuning them out? [Electronic version]. The Stranger. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.managingdesire.org/sexpanic/ rofes499.html
32. Salyer, D. (1999, April). Along the latex highway: Getting real about barebacking [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.thebody.com/ asp/apr99/barebacking.html
33. Scarce, M. (1998, August 21). Back to barebacking [Electronic version]. The New York Blade. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.managingdesire. org/scarcebtb.html
34. Scarce, M. (n.d.). Safer barebacking considerations [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://gaythai.tripod.com/vl/arch56.htm
35. Schindler, P. (1999, February). Hints of an identity crisis are everywhere in New York City's gay and lesbian community-in our politics, in our publications, in our toleration for differences among us, and even some would suggest, in the sex we're having [Electronic version]. The Advocate. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www. advocate.com/html/bigapple/0299_bigapple01. asp
36. Sears, B. (2000, May). Barebacking and HIV disclosure: What's the law? [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.thebody.com/apla/may00/ law.html
37. Sheon, N., Plant, A. (n.d., but presumably 1998). Protease Dis-inhibitors? The gay bareback phenomenon. [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.managingdesire. org/sexpanic/ProteaseDisInhibitors.html
38. Signorile, M. (1997, July). Bareback and reckless [Electronic version]. OUT Magazine. Retrieved on June 21, 2001. from: http://www.signorile.com/col- bareback.html
39. Signorile, M. (1998, April). Sex Panic! and paranoia [Electronic version]. OUT Magazine. Retrieved on June 21, 2001, from: http://www.signorile. com/col-sexpanic.html
40. Signorile, M. (1999, April). Don't fear the fear: When risk taking seems sexy and being HIV-positive looks breezy and fun, maybe it's time to bring fear back into HIV prevention [Electronic version]. The Advocate. Retrieved on June 5, 2001, from: http://www.advocate.com/html/stories/0499A/0499_sig_sex.asp
41. Signorile, M. (2001, June 7). The contradictory faces of Andrew Sullivan: An LGNY Exclusive [Electronic version]. The Newspaper for Lesbian Gay New York, 159. Retrieved on May 31, 2001, from: http://www.lgny.com/feature.html
42. Sowadsky, R. (1999, May). Barebacking in the gay community. [online]. Retrieved on June 5, 2001. from; http://www.thebody.com/sowadsky/barebacking. html
43. Stall, R.D., Hays, R.B., Waldo, C.R., Ekstrand, M., McFarland, W. (2000). The Gay '90s: a review of research in the 1990s on sexual behavior and HIV risk among men who have sex with men. AIDS, 14 Suppl 3:S101-14.
44. Suarez, T., Miller, J. (2001). Negotiating risks in context: A perspective on unprotected anal intercourse and barebacking among men who have sex with men-where do we go from here? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 30(3), 287-300.
45. Sullivan, A. (1996, November 10). When plagues end [Electronic version]. The New York Times. Retrieved on June 21, 2001, from: http://nytimes.qpass.com
46. Vincent, N. (1999, April 13). Between word and deed. The Advocate. p. 88.
47. Wells, M. (2000, March 14). Sex on the edge: How can a man with AIDS defend the practice of having unprotected sex with his gay partners? The Guardian, p. 2-3.