Belief in a just world and social perception: Evidence for automatic activation

Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 145, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 35-48

  Murray, John D ^a   Spadafore, Jo Ann ^a   McIntosh, William D ^a  

^a GEORGIA SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Automaticity; Beliefs; Just world; Processing

Indexed keywords

AFFECT; ARTICLE; AUTOMATISM; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LINGUISTICS; MALE; PERCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; RAPE; SOCIAL JUSTICE;

AFFECT; AUTOMATISM; CULTURE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; QUESTIONNAIRES; RAPE; SOCIAL JUSTICE; SOCIAL PERCEPTION; VOCABULARY;

EID: 17844401237     PISSN: 00224545     EISSN: 19401183     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3200/SOCP.145.1.35-48     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Anderson, K. B., Cooper, H., & Okanura, L. (1997). Individual differences and attitudes toward rape: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 295-315.
2. Bargh, J. A. (1997). The automaticity of everyday life. In R. S. Wyer, Jr. (Ed.), Advances in social cognition (Vol. 10, pp. 1-61). Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
3. Bargh, J. A., & Chartrand, T. L. (1999). The unbearable automaticity of being. American Psychologist, 54, 462-479.
4. Bargh, J. A., Chen, M., & Burrows, L. (1996). Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effect of trait construct and stereotype activation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 230-244.
5. Bargh, J. A., & Pietromonaco, P. (1982). Automatic information processing and social perception: The influence of trait information presented outside of conscious awareness on impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 437-449.
6. Biskner, J. A. (1995). Automatic processing of stereotypes in African-Americans and Caucasians. Unpublished master’s thesis, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro.
7. Devine, P. G. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 5-18.
8. Fiske, S. T., & Neuberg, S. L. (1990). A continuum of impression formation, from category-based to individuating processes: Influences of information and motivation on attention and interpretation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 23, pp. 1-74). New York: Academic Press.
9. Ford, T. E., & Thompson, E. P. (2000). Preconscious and postconscious processes underlying construct accessibility effects: An extended search model. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4, 317-336.
10. Furnham, A., & Proctor, E. (1989). Belief in a just world: Review and critique of the individual difference literature. British Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 365-384.
11. Gilbert, D. T., & Hixon, J. G. (1991). The trouble of thinking: Activation and application of stereotypic beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 509-517.
12. Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108, 814-834.
13. Kleinke, C. L., & Meyer, C. (1990). Evaluation of rape victims by men and women with high and low belief in a just world. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 14, 343-353.
14. Lambert, A. J., & Raichle, K. (2000). The role of political ideology in mediating judgments of blame in rape victims and their assailants: A test of the just world, personal responsibility, and legitimization hypotheses. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 853-863.
15. Lepore, L., & Brown, R. (1997). Category and stereotype activation: Is prejudice inevitable? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 275-287.
16. Lerner, M. J., & Simmons, C. H. (1966). The observer’s reaction to the “innocent victim”: Compassion or rejection? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 203-210.
17. Macrae, C. N., Bodenhausen, G. V., & Milne, A. B. (1995). The dissection of selection in person perception: Inhibitory processes in social stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 397-407.
18. Macrae, C. N., Milne, A. B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (1994). Stereotypes as energy-saving devices: A peek inside the cognitive toolbox. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 37-47.
19. Moskowitz, G. B., Gollwitzer, P. M., Wasel, W., & Schaal, B. (1999). Preconscious control of stereotype activation through chronic egalitarian goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 167-184.
20. Parish, T. S., Bryant, W. T., & Shirazi, A. (1976). The personal attribute inventory. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 42, 715-720.
21. Parish, T. S., & Eads, G. (1977). The personal attribute inventory as a self-concept measure. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 37, 1063-1067.
22. Parish, T. S., Eads, G., & Adams, D. (1977). The personal attribute inventory as a selfconcept scale: A preliminary report. Psychological Reports, 41, 1141-1142.
23. Rubin, Z., & Peplau, L. A. (1973). Belief in a just world and reactions to another’s lot: A study of participants in the national draft lottery. Journal of Social Issues, 29, 73-93.
24. Rubin, Z., & Peplau, L. A. (1975). Who believes in a just world? Journal of Social Issues, 31, 65-89.
25. Sinclair, L., & Kunda, Z. (1999). Reactions to a Black professional: Motivated inhibition and activation of conflicting stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 885-904.
26. Spencer, S. J., Fein, S., Wolfe, C. T., Fong, C., & Dunn, M. A. (1998). Automatic activation of stereotypes: The role of self-image threat. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1139-1152.
27. Spencer, S. J., Josephs, R. A., & Steele, C. M. (1993). Low self-esteem: The uphill struggle for self-integrity. In R. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem and the puzzle of low selfregard (pp. 21-36). New York: Plenum.
28. Steele, C. M. (1988). The psychology of self-affirmation: Sustaining the integrity of the self. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 261-302). New York: Academic Press.
29. Tesser, A. (1988). Toward a self-evaluation maintenance model of social behavior. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 181-227). New York: Academic Press.
30. Tesser, A., & Cornell, D. P. (1991). On the confluence of self processes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 501-526.
31. Winter, L., & Uleman, J. S. (1984). When are social judgments made? Evidence for the spontaneousness of trait inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 237-252.