Identification of Chlamydia pneumoniae in intracranial and extracranial arteries in patients with stroke and in controls: Combined immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction analyses

Human Pathology

Volumn 36, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 395-402

  Wohlschlaeger, Jeremias ^a   Wimmer, Martin L J ^b   Nägler, Dorit K ^c   Haberl, Roman ^b   Weis, Serge ^d,e,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DUISBURG ESSEN   (Germany)

^b City Hospital Munich Harlaching   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^d OTTO VON GUERICKE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^e UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^f Stanley Medical Research Institute   (United States)

Author keywords

Chlamydia pneumoniae; Immunohistochemistry; Intracranial arteries; Nested PCR; Stroke patients

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL ANTIGEN; BACTERIAL DNA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; BASILAR ARTERY; BRAIN ARTERY; CAROTID ARTERY; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CORONARY ARTERY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MALE; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; STROKE;

EID: 17844379723     PISSN: 00468177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2005.02.003     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. K.J. Mattila, V.V. Valtonen, M.S. Nieminen, and S. Asikainen Role of infection as a risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and stroke Clin Infect Dis 26 1998 719 734
2. P.J. Lindsberg, and A.J. Gray Inflammation and infections as risk factors for ischemic stroke Stroke 34 2003 2518 2532
3. D.H. Thom, S.P. Wang, J.T. Grayston, D.S. Siscovick, D.K. Stewart, and R.A. Kronmal Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR antibody and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease Arterioscler Thromb 11 1991 547 551
4. J.T. Grayston, L.A. Campbell, C.C. Kuo, C.H. Mordhorst, P. Saikku, and D.H. Thom A new respiratory tract pathogen: Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR J Infect Dis 161 1990 618 625
5. M. Leinonen Pathogenetic mechanisms and epidemiology of Chlamydia pneumoniae Eur Heart J 14 Suppl. K 1993 57 61
6. P. Saikku, M. Leinonen, K. Mattila, M.R. Ekman, M.S. Nieminen, and P.H. Mäkela Serological evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with chronic coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction Lancet 2 1988 983 986
7. E. Linnanmäki, M. Leinonen, K. Mattila, E.S. Nieminen, V. Valtonen, and P. Saikku Presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae specific antibodies in circulating immunocomplexes in coronary heart disease Circulation 87 1993 130 134
8. M.A. Mendall, D. Carrington, D. Strachnan, P. Patel, N. Molineaux, and J. Levi Chlamydia pneumoniae: risk factors for seropositivity and association with coronary heart disease J Infect Dis 30 1995 121 128
9. C.C. Kuo, J.T. Grayston, L.A. Campbell, Y.A. Goo, R.W. Wissler, and E.P. Benditt Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) in coronary arteries of young adults (15-34 years) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92 1995 3397 4000
10. M.L.J. Wimmer, R. Sandmann-Strupp, P. Saikku, and R.L. Haberl Association of chlamydial infection with cerebrovascular disease Stroke 27 1996 2207 2210
11. M.S. Elkind, I.F. Lin, J.T. Grayston, and R.L. Sacco Chlamydia pneumoniae and the risk of first ischemic stroke: the Northern Manhattan stroke study Stroke 31 2000 1521 1525
12. B. Fagerberg, J. Gnarpe, H. Gnarpe, S. Agewall, and J. Wikstrand Chlamydia pneumoniae but not cytomegalovirus antibodies are associated with future risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease: a prospective study in middle-aged to elderly men with treated hypertension Stroke 30 1999 299 305
13. D.H. Thom, J.T. Grayston, D.S. Sisckovic, S.P. Wang, N.S. Weiss, and J.R. Daling Association of prior infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease JAMA 268 1992 68 72
14. P. Patel, M.A. Mendall, D. Carrington, D.P. Strachnan, E. Leatham, and M. Molineaux Association of Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors BMJ 311 1995 711 714
15. L.A. Campbell, E.R. O'Brien, A.L. Cappuccio, C.C. Kuo, S.P. Wang, and D. Stewart Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae TWAR in human coronary atherectomy tissues J Infect Dis 172 1995 585 588
16. C.C. Kuo, A. Shor, L.A. Campbell, H. Fukushi, D.L. Patton, and J.T. Grayston Demonstration of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries J Infect Dis 167 1993 841 849
17. J.B. Muhlestein, E.H. Hammond, J.F. Carlquist, E. Radicke, M.J. Thomson, and L.A. Karagounis Increased incidence of Chlamydia species within coronary arteries of patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic versus other forms of cardiovascular disease J Am Coll Cardiol 27 1996 1555 1561
18. L.A. Jackson, L.A. Campbell, R.A. Schmidt, C.C. Kuo, A.L. Cappucio, and M.J. Lee Specificity of detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in cardiovascular atheroma-evaluation of the innocent bystander hypothesis Am J Pathol 150 1997 1785 1790
19. P.J. Cook, D. Honeybourne, G.Y. Lip, D.G. Beevers, R. Wise, and P. Davies Chlamydia pneumoniae antibody titers are significantly associated with acute stroke and transient cerebral ischemia: the West Birmingham Stroke Project Stroke 29 1998 404 410
20. M.L.J. Wimmer, H.M. Thomas, A. Hartinger, and R.L. Haberl Chlamydia pneumoniae serology differs in stroke subtypes Stroke 30 1999 252
21. A. Meijer, P.J.M. Roholl, S.K. Gielis-Proper, and J.M. Ossewaarde Chlamydia pneumoniae antigens, rather than viable bacteria, persist in atherosclerotic lesions J Clin Pathol 53 2000 911 916
22. J. Syrjänen, V. Valtonen, M. Iivanainen, M. Kaste, and J.K. Huttunen Preceding infection as an important risk factor for ischemic brain infarction in young and middle-aged men Br J Med 296 1988 1156 1160
23. J. Syrjänen Central nervous system complications with bacteriemia Scand J Infect Dis 52 1989 285 296
24. A.J. Grau, F. Buggle, S. Heindl, C. Steichen-Wiehn, T. Banerjee, and M. Maiwald Recent infection as a risk factor for cerebrovascular ischemia Stroke 26 1995 373 379
25. J.G. Madre, J.L. Garcia, R.C. Gonzalez, J.M. Montero, E.B. Paniagua, and J.R. Escribano Association between seropositivity to Chlamydia pneumoniae and acute ischemic stroke Eur J Neurol 9 2002 303 306
26. B. Tarnacka, G. Gromadzka, and A. Czlonkowska Increased circulating immune complexes in acute stroke: the triggering role of Chlamydia pneumoniae and cytomegalovirus Stroke 33 2002 936 940
27. P.U. Heuschmann, D. Neureiter, M. Gesslein, B. Craiovan, M. Maass, and G. Faller Association between infection with Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae and risk of ischemic stroke subtypes. Results from a population-based case-control study Stroke 32 2001 2253 2258
28. J. Ngeh, S. Gupta, C. Goodbourn, B. Panayiotou, and G. McElligott Chlamydia pneumoniae in elderly patients with stroke (C-PEPS): a case-control study on the seroprevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae in elderly patients with acute cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovasc Dis 15 2003 11 16
29. A. Anzini, A. Cassone, M. Rasura, A. Ciervo, M. Beccia, and F. Di Lisi Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in young stroke patients: a case-control study Eur J Neurol 11 2004 321 327
30. D. Sander, K. Winbeck, J. Klingelhöfer, T. Etgen, and B. Conrad Progression of early carotid atherosclerosis is only temporarily reduced after antibiotic treatment of Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity Circulation 109 2004 101 1015
31. G. Ong, B.J. Thomas, A.O. Mansfield, B.R. Davidson, and D. Taylor-Robinson Detection and widespread distribution of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the vascular system and its possible implication J Clin Pathol 49 1996 102 106
32. P. Apfalter, W. Barousch, M. Nehr, B. Willinger, M. Rotter, and A.M. Hirschl No evidence of involvement of Chlamydia pneumoniae in severe cerebrovascular atherosclerosis by means of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction Stroke 35 2004 2024 2028
33. A. Vink, M. Poppen, A.H. Schoneveld, P.J. Roholl, D.P. de Kleijn, and C. Borst Distribution of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the human arterial system and its relation to the local amount of atherosclerosis within the individual Circulation 103 2001 1613 1617
34. V.Y. Hoymans, J.M. Bosmans, D. Ursi, W. Martinet, F.L. Wuyts, and E. Van Marck Immunostaining assays for detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic arteries indicate cross-reactions with non-chlamydial plaque constituents J Clin Microbiol 42 2004 3219 3224
35. R. Labiche, D. Koziol, T.C. Quinn, C. Gaydos, S. Azhar, and G. Ketron Presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae in human symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaque Stroke 32 2001 855 860
36. R. Ross Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis R.W. Colman J. Hirsh V.J. Marder E.W. Salzman Hemostasis and thrombosis: basic principles and clinical practice 1994 JB Lippincott Company Philadelphia 861 869
37. M.A.J. Gimbrone, M.P. Bevilacqua, and M.I. Cybulsky Endothelial-dependent mechanisms of leukocyte adhesion in inflammation and atherosclerosis Ann N Y Acad Sci 598 1990 77 84
38. J.M. Munro Endothelial-leucocyte adhesive interactions in inflammatory diseases Eur Heart J 14 Suppl. K 1993 72 77
39. P. Vallance, J. Collier, and K. Bhagat Infection, inflammation, and infarction: does acute endothelial dysfunction provide a link? Lancet 349 1997 1391 1392
40. B.K. Coombes, and J.B. Mahony Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of human endothelial cells induces proliferation of smooth muscle cells via an endothelial cell-derived soluble factor Infect Immun 67 1999 1909 2915
41. K. Brand, C.L. Banka, N. Mackman, R.A. Terkeltaub, S.-T. Fan, and L.K. Curtiss Oxidized LDL enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced tissue factor expression in human adherent monocytes Arterioscler Thromb 14 1994 790 797
42. K. Bachmaier, N. Neu, L.M. de La Maza, S. Pal, A. Hessel, and J.M. Penninger Chlamydia infections and heart disease linked through antigenic mimicry Science 283 1999 1335 1339
43. M. Mayr, B. Metzler, S. Kiechl, J. Willeit, G. Schett, and Q. Xu Endothelial cytotoxicity mediated by serum antibodies to heat shock proteins of Escherichia coli and Chlamydia pneumoniae immune response to heat shock proteins as a possible link between infection and atherosclerosis Circulation 99 1999 1560 1566
44. H. Fei, J.A. Berliner, F. Parhami, and T.A. Drake Regulation of endothelial cell tissue factor expression by minimally oxidized LDL and lipopolysaccharide Arterioscler Thromb 13 1993 1711 1717
45. R.H. Fryer, E.P. Schwobe, M.L. Woods, and G.M. Rodgers Chlamydia species infect human vascular endothelial cells and induce procoagulant activity J Investig Med 45 1997 168 174