Timing of follow-up voiding cystourethrogram in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux: Development and application of a clinical algorithm

Pediatrics

Volumn 115, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 426-434

  Thompson, Matthew ^a   Simon, Stephen D ^a   Sharma, Vidya ^a   Alon, Uri S ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY   (United States)

^b CHILDREN S MERCY HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Antibiotic prophylaxis; Vesicoureteral reflux; Vesicoureteral reflux resolution; Voiding cystourethrography

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; COTRIMOXAZOLE;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ALGORITHM; ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; ARTICLE; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; COST; DECISION THEORY; DISEASE SEVERITY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; INFANT; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; LONG TERM CARE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL RECORD; MICTURITION; MICTURITION CYSTOURETHROGRAPHY; PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROBABILITY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SURVIVAL RATE; VALIDATION PROCESS; VESICOURETERAL REFLUX; BLADDER; DECISION TREE; ECONOMICS; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RADIOGRAPHY; SURVIVAL; TIME; URETHRA; URINARY TRACT INFECTION; UROGRAPHY;

ALGORITHMS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS; DECISION TREES; HUMANS; INFANT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TIME FACTORS; URETHRA; URINARY BLADDER; URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS; URINATION; UROGRAPHY; VESICO-URETERAL REFLUX;

EID: 17844365333     PISSN: 00314005     EISSN: 00314005     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2004-0927     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Downs, S. Technical report: urinary tract infections in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 1999;103(4). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/ cgi/content/full/103/4/e54
2. Berrocal T, Gaya F, Arjonilla A, Lonergan GJ. Vesicoureteral reflux: diagnosis and grading with echo-enhanced cystosonography versus voiding cystourethrography. Radiology. 2001;221:359-365
3. Bosio M. Cystosonography with echocontrast: a new imaging modality to detect vesicoureteric reflux in children. Pediatr Radiol. 1998;28:250-255
4. Lohr G, Olbing H, Smellie J, Tamminen-Mobius T. Infection pattern in children with vesicoureteral reflux randomly allocated to operation or long-term antibacterial prophylaxis. The International Reflux Study in Children. J Urol. 1992;148:1650-1652
5. Pattaragarn A, Alon US. Urinary tract infection in childhood. Review of guidelines and recommendations. Minerva Pediatr. 2002;54:401-413
6. Smellie JM, Prescod NP, Shaw PJ, Risdon RA, Bryant TN. Childhood reflux and urinary infection: a follow-up of 10-41 years in 226 adults. Pediatr Nephrol. 1998;12:727-736
7. Smellie JM, Jodal U, Lax H, Mobius TT, Hirche H, Olbing H. Outcome at 10 years of severe vesicoureteric reflux managed medically: Report of the International Reflux Study in Children. J Pediatr. 2001;139:656-663
8. Smellie JM, Barratt TM, Chantler C, et al. Medical versus surgical treatment in children with severe bilateral vesicoureteric reflux and bilateral nephropathy: a randomized trial. Lancet. 2001;357:1329-1333
9. Olbing H, Claesson I, Ebel KD, et al. Renal scars and parenchymal thinning in children with vesicoureteral reflux: a 5-year report of the International Reflux Study in Children (European branch). J Urol. 1992;148:1653-1656
10. Wennerstrom M, Hansson S, Jodal U, Stokland E. Disappearance of vesicoureteral reflux in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1998;152:879-883
11. Jacobson SH, Hansson S, Jakobsson B. Vesico-ureteric reflux: occurrence and long-term risks. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;88(431):22-30
12. Arant BS Jr. Vesicoureteral reflux and evidence-based management. J Pediatr. 2001;139:620-621
13. Tamminen-Mobius T, Brunier E, Ebel KD, et al. Cessation of vesicoureteral reflux for 5 years in infants and children allocated to medical treatment. The International Reflux Study in Children. J Urol. 1992;148:1662-1666
14. Arant BS Jr. Medical management of mild and moderate vesicoureteral reflux: followup studies of infants and young children. A preliminary report of the Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group. J Urol. 1992;148:1683-1687
15. Skoog SJ, Belman AB, Maid M. A nonsurgical approach to the management of primary vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol. 1987;138:941-946
16. Elder JS, Peters CA, Arant BS Jr, et al. Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux Guidelines Panel summary report on the management of primary vesicoureteral reflux in children. J Urol. 1997;157:1846-1851
17. Smellie JM, Tamminen-Mobius T, Olbing H, et al. Five-year study of medical or surgical treatment in children with severe reflux: radiological renal findings. The International Reflux Study in Children. Pediatr Nephrol. 1992;6:223-230
18. Nielsen JB, Frokiaer J, Rehling M. Jorgensen TM, Djurhuus JC. A 14-year follow-up of conservative treatment for vesico-ureteric reflux. BJU Int. 2000;86:502-507
19. Smellie JM. Commentary: management of children with severe vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol. 1992;148:1676-1678
20. Smellie JM. Reflections on 30 years of treating children with urinary tract infections. J Urol. 1991;146:665-668
21. Panaretto KS, Knight JF, Howman-Giles R, Sureshkumar P, Roy LP. Risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infection in preschool children. J Paediatr Child Health. 1999;35:454-459
22. Jakobsson B, Jacobson SH, Hjalmas K. Vesico-ureteric reflux and other risk factors for renal damage: identification of high- and low-risk children. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;88(431):31-39
23. Jodal U, Lindberg U. Guidelines for management of children with urinary tract infection and vesico-ureteric reflux. Recommendations from a Swedish state-of-the-art conference. Swedish Medical Research Council. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;88(431):87-89
24. Elder JS. Guidelines for consideration for surgical repair of vesicoureteral reflux. Curr Opin Urol. 2000;10:579-585
25. Jodal U, Hansson S, Hjalmas K. Medical or surgical management for children with vesico-ureteric reflux? Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;88(431):53-61
26. Elder JS, Snyder HM, Peters C, et al. Variations in practice among urologists and nephrologists treating children with vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol. 1992;148:714-717
27. Elder JS. Vesicoureteral reflux. In: Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB, eds. Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. 16th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Co; 2000:1625-1629
28. Rushton, GH. Vesicoureteral reflux and scarring. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P, eds. Pediatric Nephrology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2004:1027-1048
29. Salmon K, Price M, Pereira JK. Factors associated with young children's long-term recall of an invasive medical procedure: a preliminary investigation. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2002;23:347-352
30. Hellstrom M, Jacobsson B. Diagnosis of vesico-ureteric reflux. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;88(431):3-12
31. Jodal U. Selective approach to diagnostic imaging of children after urinary tract infection. Acta Paedtr. 2000;89:767-768
32. Ogan K, Pohl HG, Carlson D, Belman AB, Rushton HG. Parental preferences in the management of vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol. 2001;166:240-243
33. Goldman M, Rachmiel M, Starinsky R, Mordechay A. Symptomatic urinary tract infections following voiding cystourethrography [abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:453a-454a
34. Stark, H. Urinary tract infections in girls: the cost-effectiveness of currently recommended investigative routines. Pediatr Nephrol. 1997;11:174-177
35. Chambers T. An essay on the consequences of childhood urinary tract infection. Pediatr Nephrol. 1997;11:178-179
36. Nicklasson L, Hojgard S. Cost-analysis of management strategies for children with vesico-ureteric reflux. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;8(431):79-86
37. Foxman B. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. Am J Med. 2002;113(suppl 1A):5s-13s
38. Magiarotti P, Pizzini C, Fanos V. Antibiotic prophylaxis in children with relapsing urinary tract infections: J Chemother. 2000;12:115-123
39. Hellerstein S, Nickell E. Prophylactic antibiotics in children at risk for urinary tract infection. Pediatr Nephrol. 2002;17:506-510
40. Cooper CS, Chung BI, Kirsch AJ, Canning DA, Snyder HM. The outcome of stopping prophylactic antibiotics in older children with vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol. 2000;163:269-273
41. Bitar CN, Steele RW. Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Children. Advances in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Vol 10. St Louis, MO: Mosby; 227-262
42. Bollgren I. Antibacterial prophylaxis in children with urinary tract infection. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999;88(431):48-52
43. Dick PT, Feldman W. Routine diagnostic imaging for childhood urinary tract infections: a systematic overview. J Pediatr. 1996;128:15-22
44. Thompson RH, Chen JJ, Pugach J, Naseer S, Steinhardt GF. Cessation of prophylactic antibiotics for managing persistent vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol. 2001;166:1465-1469
45. Wheeler D, Vimalachandra D, Hodson EM, Roy LP, Smith G, Craig JC. Antibiotics and surgery for vesicoureteric reflux: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88:688-694
46. Kirsch AJ, Perez-Brayfield MR, Scherz HC. Minimally invasive treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with endoscopic injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer: the Children's Hospitals of Atlanta experience. J Urol. 2003;170:211-215
47. Jodal U. Antibiotics and surgery for vesicoureteric reflux: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Pediatr. 2004;144:405-406