메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 152, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 709-719

Simultaneous sodium lauryl sulphate testing improves the diagnostic validity of allergic patch tests. Results from a prospective multicentre study of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (Deutsche Kontaktallergie- Gruppe, DKG)

Author keywords

Contact allergy; Detergent; False negative patch test reaction; False positive patch test reaction; Irritation; Patch test reaction

Indexed keywords

1,3 DIPHENYLGUANIDINE; AMERCHOL L 101; BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE; BENZOYL PEROXIDE; COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE; CONTACT ALLERGEN; DODECYL SULFATE SODIUM; GALLIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GALLIC ACID OCTYL ESTER; GUANIDINE DERIVATIVE; PHENYLMERCURIC ACETATE; PROPYLENE GLYCOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 17644374147     PISSN: 00070963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06465.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (67)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0001048501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch testing
    • (Rycroft KJG, Menné T, Frosch PJ et al., eds), 3rd edn. Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Wahlberg JE. Patch testing. In: Textbook of Contact Dermatitis (Rycroft KJG, Menné T, Frosch PJ et al., eds), 3rd edn. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2001; 435-68.
    • (2001) Textbook of Contact Dermatitis , pp. 435-468
    • Wahlberg, J.E.1
  • 2
    • 0026637534 scopus 로고
    • How to better understand the angry back syndrome
    • Pasche-Koo F, Hauser C. How to better understand the angry back syndrome. Dermatology 1992; 184:237-40.
    • (1992) Dermatology , vol.184 , pp. 237-240
    • Pasche-Koo, F.1    Hauser, C.2
  • 3
    • 0022580869 scopus 로고
    • Excited skin syndrome (angry back)
    • Bruynzeel DP, Maibach HI. Excited skin syndrome (angry back). Arch Dermatol 1986; 122:323-8.
    • (1986) Arch Dermatol , vol.122 , pp. 323-328
    • Bruynzeel, D.P.1    Maibach, H.I.2
  • 4
    • 0029762235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic patterns of allergic patch test reactions to 10 European standard allergens. An analysis of data recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK)
    • Brasch J, Geier J, Gefeiler O. Dynamic patterns of allergic patch test reactions to 10 European standard allergens. An analysis of data recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). Contact Dermatitis 1996; 35:17-22.
    • (1996) Contact Dermatitis , vol.35 , pp. 17-22
    • Brasch, J.1    Geier, J.2    Gefeiler, O.3
  • 5
    • 0028451718 scopus 로고
    • Is allergic contact dermatitis being over-looked?
    • del Savio B, Sherertz EF. Is allergic contact dermatitis being over-looked? Arch Fam Med 1994; 3:537-43.
    • (1994) Arch Fam Med , vol.3 , pp. 537-543
    • Savio, B.1    Sherertz, E.F.2
  • 6
    • 0032836751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoughts on sensitizers in a standard patch test series
    • The European Society of Contact Dermatitis
    • Bruze M, Conde-Salazar L, Goossens A et al. Thoughts on sensitizers in a standard patch test series. The European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1999; 41:241-50.
    • (1999) Contact Dermatitis , vol.41 , pp. 241-250
    • Bruze, M.1    Conde-Salazar, L.2    Goossens, A.3
  • 7
    • 0020622820 scopus 로고
    • Allergic reactions, 'spillover' reactions, and T-cell subsets
    • Bruynzeel DP, Nieboer C, Boorsma DM et al. Allergic reactions, 'spillover' reactions, and T-cell subsets. Arch Dermatol Res 1983; 275:80-5.
    • (1983) Arch Dermatol Res , vol.275 , pp. 80-85
    • Bruynzeel, D.P.1    Nieboer, C.2    Boorsma, D.M.3
  • 8
    • 0037319196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch testing with the irritant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is useful in interpreting weak reactions to contact allergens as allergic or irritant
    • Geier J, Uter W, Pirker C et al. Patch testing with the irritant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is useful in interpreting weak reactions to contact allergens as allergic or irritant. Contact Dermatitis 2003; 48:99-107.
    • (2003) Contact Dermatitis , vol.48 , pp. 99-107
    • Geier, J.1    Uter, W.2    Pirker, C.3
  • 9
    • 6644227200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch testing with sodium lauryl sulfate: Benefits and drawbacks in research and practice
    • Löffler H, Effendy I, Happle R. Patch testing with sodium lauryl sulfate: benefits and drawbacks in research and practice. Hautarzt 1999; 50:769-78.
    • (1999) Hautarzt , vol.50 , pp. 769-778
    • Löffler, H.1    Effendy, I.2    Happle, R.3
  • 10
    • 0034774055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leitlinien der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft (DDG) zur durchführung von epikutantests mit kontaktallergenen
    • Schnuch A, Aberer W, Agathos M et al. Leitlinien der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft (DDG) zur Durchführung von Epikutantests mit Kontaktallergenen. Hautarzt 2001; 52:864-6.
    • (2001) Hautarzt , vol.52 , pp. 864-866
    • Schnuch, A.1    Aberer, W.2    Agathos, M.3
  • 11
    • 0030862101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on sodium lauryl Sulfate (SLS) exposure testing
    • Tupker RA, Willis C, Berardesca E et al. Guidelines on sodium lauryl Sulfate (SLS) exposure testing. Contact Dermatitis 1997; 37:53-69.
    • (1997) Contact Dermatitis , vol.37 , pp. 53-69
    • Tupker, R.A.1    Willis, C.2    Berardesca, E.3
  • 12
    • 0031778392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of contact dermatitis
    • The Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) in Germany
    • Uter W, Schnuch A, Geier J et al. Epidemiology of contact dermatitis. The Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) in Germany. Eur J Dermatol 1998; 8:36-40.
    • (1998) Eur J Dermatol , vol.8 , pp. 36-40
    • Uter, W.1    Schnuch, A.2    Geier, J.3
  • 13
    • 0041659343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The positivity ratio-another parameter to assess the diagnostic quality of a patch test preparation
    • Geier J, Uter W, Lessmann H et al. The positivity ratio-another parameter to assess the diagnostic quality of a patch test preparation. Contact Dermatitis 2003; 48:280-2.
    • (2003) Contact Dermatitis , vol.48 , pp. 280-282
    • Geier, J.1    Uter, W.2    Lessmann, H.3
  • 14
    • 0026764893 scopus 로고
    • The reaction index: A parameter to assess the quality of patch test preparations
    • Brasch J, Henseler T. The reaction index: a parameter to assess the quality of patch test preparations. Contact Dermatitis 1992; 27:203-4.
    • (1992) Contact Dermatitis , vol.27 , pp. 203-204
    • Brasch, J.1    Henseler, T.2
  • 15
    • 0029609689 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of patch test results by use of the reaction index. An analysis of data recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK)
    • Brasch J, Geier J, Henseler T. Evaluation of patch test results by use of the reaction index. An analysis of data recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). Contact Dermatitis 1995; 33:375-80.
    • (1995) Contact Dermatitis , vol.33 , pp. 375-380
    • Brasch, J.1    Geier, J.2    Henseler, T.3
  • 16
    • 9844254488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National rates and regional differences in sensitization to allergens of the standard series. Population-adjusted frequencies of sensitization (PAFS) in 40,000 patients from a multicenter study (IVDK)
    • Schnuch A, Geier J, Uter W et al. National rates and regional differences in sensitization to allergens of the standard series. Population-adjusted frequencies of sensitization (PAFS) in 40,000 patients from a multicenter study (IVDK). Contact Dermatitis 1997; 37:200-9.
    • (1997) Contact Dermatitis , vol.37 , pp. 200-209
    • Schnuch, A.1    Geier, J.2    Uter, W.3
  • 17
    • 11144257045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MOAHLFA index of irritant sodium lauryl sulfate reactions-first results of a multicentre study on routine SLS patch testing
    • Uter W, Geier J, Becker D et al. The MOAHLFA index of irritant sodium lauryl sulfate reactions-first results of a multicentre study on routine SLS patch testing. Contact Dermatitis 2004; 51:259-62.
    • (2004) Contact Dermatitis , vol.51 , pp. 259-262
    • Uter, W.1    Geier, J.2    Becker, D.3
  • 18
    • 0035171245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irritant patch testing with sodium lauryl sulphate: Interrelation between concentration and exposure time
    • Aramaki J, Löffler C, Kawana S et al. Irritant patch testing with sodium lauryl sulphate: interrelation between concentration and exposure time. Br J Dermatol 2001; 145:704-8.
    • (2001) Br J Dermatol , vol.145 , pp. 704-708
    • Aramaki, J.1    Löffler, C.2    Kawana, S.3
  • 19
    • 0021869338 scopus 로고
    • The influence of low concentrations of irritants on skin barrier function as determined by water vapour loss
    • van der Valk PG, Nater JP, Bleumink E. The influence of low concentrations of irritants on skin barrier function as determined by water vapour loss. Derm Beruf Umwelt 1985; 33:89-91.
    • (1985) Derm Beruf Umwelt , vol.33 , pp. 89-91
    • Van Der Valk, P.G.1    Nater, J.P.2    Bleumink, E.3
  • 20
    • 10744223152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of climatic conditions on the irritant patch test with sodium lauryl sulphate
    • Löffler H, Happle R. Influence of climatic conditions on the irritant patch test with sodium lauryl sulphate. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 2003; 83:338-41.
    • (2003) Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) , vol.83 , pp. 338-341
    • Löffler, H.1    Happle, R.2
  • 21
    • 0024440382 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of skin resistance to irritants
    • Agner T, Serup J. Seasonal variation of skin resistance to irritants. Br J Dermatol 1989; 121:323-8.
    • (1989) Br J Dermatol , vol.121 , pp. 323-328
    • Agner, T.1    Serup, J.2
  • 22
    • 0029164801 scopus 로고
    • Irritant susceptibility and weal and flare reactions to bioactive agents in atopic dermatitis. II. Influence of season
    • Tupker RA, Coenraads PJ, Fidler V et al. Irritant susceptibility and weal and flare reactions to bioactive agents in atopic dermatitis. II. Influence of season. Br J Dermatol 1995; 133:365-70.
    • (1995) Br J Dermatol , vol.133 , pp. 365-370
    • Tupker, R.A.1    Coenraads, P.J.2    Fidler, V.3
  • 23
    • 0029855942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual, ethnic and seasonal variability in irritant susceptibility of skin: The implications for a predictive human patch test
    • Basketter DA, Griffiths HA, Wang XM et al. Individual, ethnic and seasonal variability in irritant susceptibility of skin: the implications for a predictive human patch test. Contact Dermatitis 1996; 35:208-13.
    • (1996) Contact Dermatitis , vol.35 , pp. 208-213
    • Basketter, D.A.1    Griffiths, H.A.2    Wang, X.M.3
  • 24
    • 0029120187 scopus 로고
    • Irritant susceptibility and weal and flare reactions to bioactive agents in atopic dermatitis. I. Influence of disease severity
    • Tupker RA, Coenraads PJ, Fidler V et al. Irritant susceptibility and weal and flare reactions to bioactive agents in atopic dermatitis. I. Influence of disease severity. Br J Dermatol 1995; 133:358-64.
    • (1995) Br J Dermatol , vol.133 , pp. 358-364
    • Tupker, R.A.1    Coenraads, P.J.2    Fidler, V.3
  • 25
    • 0026017328 scopus 로고
    • Effect of low-concentration sodium lauryl sulfate on human vulvar and forearm skin: Age-related differences
    • Eisner P, Wilhelm D, Maibach HI. Effect of low-concentration sodium lauryl sulfate on human vulvar and forearm skin: age-related differences. J Reprod Med 1991; 36:77-81.
    • (1991) J Reprod Med , vol.36 , pp. 77-81
    • Eisner, P.1    Wilhelm, D.2    Maibach, H.I.3
  • 26
    • 0028674549 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of skin barrier creams (IV): The repetitive irritation test (RIT) with a set of 4 standard Irritants
    • Frosch PJ, Kurte A. Efficacy of skin barrier creams (IV): the repetitive irritation test (RIT) with a set of 4 standard Irritants. Contact Dermatitis 1994; 31:161-8.
    • (1994) Contact Dermatitis , vol.31 , pp. 161-168
    • Frosch, P.J.1    Kurte, A.2
  • 27
    • 0025991476 scopus 로고
    • Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate-induced skin irritation on in vivo percutaneous penetration of four drugs
    • Wilhelm KP, Surber C, Maibach HI. Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate-induced skin irritation on in vivo percutaneous penetration of four drugs. J Invest Dermatol 1991; 97:927-32.
    • (1991) J Invest Dermatol , vol.97 , pp. 927-932
    • Wilhelm, K.P.1    Surber, C.2    Maibach, H.I.3
  • 28
    • 0023883718 scopus 로고
    • Exogenous and endogenous factors in skin irritation
    • Lammintausta K, Maibach HI. Exogenous and endogenous factors in skin irritation. Int J Dermatol 1988; 27:213-22.
    • (1988) Int J Dermatol , vol.27 , pp. 213-222
    • Lammintausta, K.1    Maibach, H.I.2
  • 29
    • 0036656754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effects of irritants and allergens. Synergistic effects of nickel and sodium lauryl sulfate in nickel-sensitized individuals
    • Agner T, Johansen JD, Overgaard L et al. Combined effects of irritants and allergens. Synergistic effects of nickel and sodium lauryl sulfate in nickel-sensitized individuals. Contact Dermatitis 2002; 47:21-6.
    • (2002) Contact Dermatitis , vol.47 , pp. 21-26
    • Agner, T.1    Johansen, J.D.2    Overgaard, L.3
  • 30
    • 3042761641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Augmentation of skin response by exposure to a combination of allergens and irritants-a review
    • Pedersen LK, Johansen JD, Held E et al. Augmentation of skin response by exposure to a combination of allergens and irritants-a review. Contact Dermatitis 2004; 50:265-73.
    • (2004) Contact Dermatitis , vol.50 , pp. 265-273
    • Pedersen, L.K.1    Johansen, J.D.2    Held, E.3
  • 31
    • 1842855268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of a detergent on skin response to methyldibromo glutaronitrile in sensitized individuals
    • Pedersen LK, Haslund P, Johansen JD et al. Influence of a detergent on skin response to methyldibromo glutaronitrile in sensitized individuals. Contact Dermatitis 2004; 50:1-5.
    • (2004) Contact Dermatitis , vol.50 , pp. 1-5
    • Pedersen, L.K.1    Haslund, P.2    Johansen, J.D.3
  • 32
    • 0033816211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An immunohistochemical analysis of cytokine expression in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis
    • Ulfgren AK, Klareskog L, Lindberg M. An immunohistochemical analysis of cytokine expression in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Acta Derm Fenereol (Stockh) 2000; 80:167-70.
    • (2000) Acta Derm Fenereol (Stockh) , vol.80 , pp. 167-170
    • Ulfgren, A.K.1    Klareskog, L.2    Lindberg, M.3
  • 33
    • 0029129621 scopus 로고
    • In vivo cytokine profiles in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis
    • Hoefakker S, Caubo M, van 't Erve EH et al. In vivo cytokine profiles in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1995; 33:258-66.
    • (1995) Contact Dermatitis , vol.33 , pp. 258-266
    • Hoefakker, S.1    Caubo, M.2    Van 'T Erve, E.H.3
  • 34
    • 0030038958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-treatment of nickel test areas with sodium lauryl sulfate detects nickel sensitivity in subjects reacting negatively to routinely performed patch tests
    • Seidenari S, Motolese A, Belletti B. Pre-treatment of nickel test areas with sodium lauryl sulfate detects nickel sensitivity in subjects reacting negatively to routinely performed patch tests. Contact Dermatitis 1996; 34:88-92.
    • (1996) Contact Dermatitis , vol.34 , pp. 88-92
    • Seidenari, S.1    Motolese, A.2    Belletti, B.3
  • 35
    • 10744232781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allergy and irritation: An adverse association in patients with atopic eczema
    • Löffler H, Steffes A, Happle R et al. Allergy and irritation: an adverse association in patients with atopic eczema. Acta Derm Venereol (Stocka) 2003; 83:328-31.
    • (2003) Acta Derm Venereol (Stocka) , vol.83 , pp. 328-331
    • Löffler, H.1    Steffes, A.2    Happle, R.3
  • 36
    • 0141648320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathomechanisms of the elicitation phase of allergic contact dermatitis
    • Riemann H, Schwarz T, Grabbe S. Pathomechanisms of the elicitation phase of allergic contact dermatitis. JDDG 2003; 1:613-19.
    • (2003) JDDG , vol.1 , pp. 613-619
    • Riemann, H.1    Schwarz, T.2    Grabbe, S.3
  • 37
    • 0029781101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissection of antigenic and irritative effects of epicutaneously applied haptens in mice: Evidence that not the antigenic component but nonspecific proinflammatory effects of haptens determine the concentration-dependent elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis
    • Grabbe S, Steinert M, Mahnte K et al. Dissection of antigenic and irritative effects of epicutaneously applied haptens in mice: evidence that not the antigenic component but nonspecific proinflammatory effects of haptens determine the concentration-dependent elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis. J Clin Invest 1996; 98:1158-64.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.98 , pp. 1158-1164
    • Grabbe, S.1    Steinert, M.2    Mahnte, K.3
  • 38
    • 0021150994 scopus 로고
    • Reduced skin threshold to irritation in the presence of allergic contact dermatitis in the guinea pig
    • Ariette JP, Fritzler MJ. Reduced skin threshold to irritation in the presence of allergic contact dermatitis in the guinea pig. Contact Dermatitis 1984; 11:31-3.
    • (1984) Contact Dermatitis , vol.11 , pp. 31-33
    • Ariette, J.P.1    Fritzler, M.J.2
  • 39
    • 0030047860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allergic and irritant patch test reactions and atopic disease
    • Klas PA, Corey G, Storrs FJ et al. Allergic and irritant patch test reactions and atopic disease. Contact Dermatitis 1996; 34:121-4.
    • (1996) Contact Dermatitis , vol.34 , pp. 121-124
    • Klas, P.A.1    Corey, G.2    Storrs, F.J.3
  • 40
    • 0035150686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Another look at seasonal variation in patch test results. A multifactorial analysis of surveillance data of the IVDK
    • Information Network of Departments of Dermatology
    • Uter W, Geier J, Land M et al. Another look at seasonal variation in patch test results. A multifactorial analysis of surveillance data of the IVDK. Information Network of Departments of Dermatology. Contact Dermatitis 2001; 44:146-52.
    • (2001) Contact Dermatitis , vol.44 , pp. 146-152
    • Uter, W.1    Geier, J.2    Land, M.3
  • 41
    • 0029923389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal influence on patch test results in central Europe
    • Kranke B, Aberer W. Seasonal influence on patch test results in central Europe. Contact Dermatitis 1996; 34:215-16.
    • (1996) Contact Dermatitis , vol.34 , pp. 215-216
    • Kranke, B.1    Aberer, W.2
  • 43
    • 0024153557 scopus 로고
    • Chronic, irritant contact dermatitis: Mechanisms, variables, and differentiation from other forms of contact dermatitis
    • Dahl MV. Chronic, irritant contact dermatitis: mechanisms, variables, and differentiation from other forms of contact dermatitis. Adv Dermatol 1988; 3:261-75.
    • (1988) Adv Dermatol , vol.3 , pp. 261-275
    • Dahl, M.V.1
  • 44
    • 0024502653 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal influence on patch test results
    • Edman B. Seasonal influence on patch test results. Contact Dermatitis 1989; 20:226.
    • (1989) Contact Dermatitis , vol.20 , pp. 226
    • Edman, B.1
  • 45
    • 0022644388 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal influence on routine patch test results
    • Bruze M. Seasonal influence on routine patch test results. Contact Dermatitis 1986; 14:184.
    • (1986) Contact Dermatitis , vol.14 , pp. 184
    • Bruze, M.1
  • 46
    • 0034862123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of skin susceptibility to irritancy by routine patch testing with sodium lauryl sulfate
    • Löffler H, Pirker C, Aramaki J et al. Evaluation of skin susceptibility to irritancy by routine patch testing with sodium lauryl sulfate. Eur J Dermatol 2001; 11:416-19.
    • (2001) Eur J Dermatol , vol.11 , pp. 416-419
    • Löffler, H.1    Pirker, C.2    Aramaki, J.3
  • 47
    • 0036041993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irritant dermatitis, irritancy and its role in allergic contact dermatitis
    • Smith HR, Basketter DA, McFadden JP. Irritant dermatitis, irritancy and its role in allergic contact dermatitis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2002; 27:138-46.
    • (2002) Clin Exp Dermatol , vol.27 , pp. 138-146
    • Smith, H.R.1    Basketter, D.A.2    McFadden, J.P.3
  • 49
    • 0028933640 scopus 로고
    • Nickel and skin irritants up-regulate tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA in keratinocytes by different but potentially synergistic mechanisms
    • Lisby S, Muller KM, Jongeneel CV et al. Nickel and skin irritants up-regulate tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA in keratinocytes by different but potentially synergistic mechanisms. Int Immunol 1995; 7:343-52.
    • (1995) Int Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 343-352
    • Lisby, S.1    Muller, K.M.2    Jongeneel, C.V.3
  • 50
    • 0026026809 scopus 로고
    • Keratinocytes as initiators of inflammation
    • Barker JN, Mitra RS, Griffiths CE et al. Keratinocytes as initiators of inflammation. Lancet 1991; 337:211-14.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 211-214
    • Barker, J.N.1    Mitra, R.S.2    Griffiths, C.E.3
  • 51
    • 0028124410 scopus 로고
    • Keratinocyte-derived proinflammatory key mediators and cell viability as in vitro parameters of irritancy: A possible alternative to the Draize skin irritation test
    • Muller Decker K, Furstenberger G, Marks F. Keratinocyte-derived proinflammatory key mediators and cell viability as in vitro parameters of irritancy: a possible alternative to the Draize skin irritation test. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1994; 127:99-108.
    • (1994) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.127 , pp. 99-108
    • Muller Decker, K.1    Furstenberger, G.2    Marks, F.3
  • 52
    • 0028885126 scopus 로고
    • In vitro keratinocytes responses to chemical allergens
    • Corsini E, Marinovich M, Galli CL. In vitro keratinocytes responses to chemical allergens. Boll Chim Farm 1995; 134:569-73.
    • (1995) Boll Chim Farm , vol.134 , pp. 569-573
    • Corsini, E.1    Marinovich, M.2    Galli, C.L.3
  • 53
    • 0037066427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The danger model: A renewed sense of self
    • Matzinger P. The danger model: a renewed sense of self. Science 2002; 296:301-5.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 301-305
    • Matzinger, P.1
  • 54
    • 0033984627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irritant thresholds in subjects with colophony allergy
    • Smith HR, Holloway D, Armstrong DK et al. Irritant thresholds in subjects with colophony allergy. Contact Dermatitis 2000; 42:95-7.
    • (2000) Contact Dermatitis , vol.42 , pp. 95-97
    • Smith, H.R.1    Holloway, D.2    Armstrong, D.K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.