Migration as the second-best option: Local power and off-farm employment

China Quarterly

Volumn , Issue 181, 2005, Pages 22-45

  Guang, Lei ^a,b   Zheng, Lu ^b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENTREPRENEUR; MIGRATION; OFF-FARM EMPLOYMENT; RURAL ECONOMY;

ASIA; CHINA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; FAR EAST; WORLD;

EID: 17444426697     PISSN: 03057410     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0305741005000020     Document Type: Article

References (78)

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12. In this study, a local non-farmer is someone who lives in a rural household but has local off-farm employment, while a migrant refers to someone who is from a rural area, has agricultural hukou but works in a city.
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28. see also Elizabeth Croll and Ping Huang, "Migration for and against agriculture in eight Chinese villages," The China Quarterly, Vol. 149 (1997), p. 144.
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44. Ibid. p. 57.
45. Zhao, "Leaving the countryside."
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57. Rozelle et al., "Leaving China's farms," p. 374.
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59. Hare, "The determinants of job location and its effect," p. 565.
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63. Meng, Labour Market Reform;
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73. Murphy, How Migrant Labour Is Changing Rural China, p. 68.
74. A complete description of the sample design and fieldwork procedures are available in the project's codebook in Donald Treiman (ed.), Life Histories and Social Change in Contemporary China: Codebook (Los Angeles: UCLA Institute for Social Science Research, 1998).
75. Johnson, "Family strategies and economic transformation."
76. For an indictment of the harsh working conditions and low wages facing China's migrant workers in the cities, see Anita Chan, China's Workers under Assault (Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 2001)
77. Walder, "Markets and income inequality in rural China," p. 233.
78. V.I. Lenin, The Development of Capitalism in Russia (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1964), p. 186.