Cadaver dissection and the limits of simulation

Journal of Clinical Ethics

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 350-362

  Warnick, Bryan R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CADAVER; COMPUTER PROGRAM; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DISSECTION; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL SCHOOL; REVIEW; ANATOMY; ARTICLE; COMPUTER INTERFACE; DEATH AND EUTHANASIA; EDUCATION; ETHICS; HUMAN; MEDICAL STUDENT; METHODOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; TEACHING;

DEATH AND EUTHANASIA;

ANATOMY; CADAVER; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DISSECTION; EDUCATION, MEDICAL, UNDERGRADUATE; EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT; HUMANS; STUDENTS, MEDICAL; TEACHING; USER-COMPUTER INTERFACE;

EID: 17244379955     PISSN: 10467890     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. See J.B. Zirkel and P.A. Zirkel, "Technological Alternatives to Actual Dissection in Anatomy Instruction: A Review of the Research," Educational Technology 37 (1997): 52-6; D.G. Dewhurst et al., "Comparison of a Computer Simulation Program and a Traditional Laboratory Practical Class for Teaching the Principles of Intestinal Absorption," Advances in Physiology Education 12 (1994): S95-S104; R.A. Novelline, "Evaluation of a Computer-Based Program for Teaching Cardiac Anatomy," Investigative Radiology 29, no. 2 (1994): 248-52.
2. See J.B. Zirkel and P.A. Zirkel, "Technological Alternatives to Actual Dissection in Anatomy Instruction: A Review of the Research," Educational Technology 37 (1997): 52-6; D.G. Dewhurst et al., "Comparison of a Computer Simulation Program and a Traditional Laboratory Practical Class for Teaching the Principles of Intestinal Absorption," Advances in Physiology Education 12 (1994): S95-S104; R.A. Novelline, "Evaluation of a Computer-Based Program for Teaching Cardiac Anatomy," Investigative Radiology 29, no. 2 (1994): 248-52.
3. See J.B. Zirkel and P.A. Zirkel, "Technological Alternatives to Actual Dissection in Anatomy Instruction: A Review of the Research," Educational Technology 37 (1997): 52-6; D.G. Dewhurst et al., "Comparison of a Computer Simulation Program and a Traditional Laboratory Practical Class for Teaching the Principles of Intestinal Absorption," Advances in Physiology Education 12 (1994): S95-S104; R.A. Novelline, "Evaluation of a Computer-Based Program for Teaching Cardiac Anatomy," Investigative Radiology 29, no. 2 (1994): 248-52.
4. P. Finkelstein and L. Mathers, "Post-traumatic Stress Among Medical Students in the Anatomy Dissection Laboratory," Clinical Anatomy 3 (1990): 219-26.
5. R. Charlton et al., "The Effects of Cadaver Dissection on the Social Attitudes of Medical Undergraduates," Medical Education 28 (1994): 290-5; N. Gustavson, "The Effect of Human Dissection on First-Year Students and Implications for the Doctor-Patient Relationship," Journal of Medical Education 63, no. 1 (1988): 62-4.
6. R. Charlton et al., "The Effects of Cadaver Dissection on the Social Attitudes of Medical Undergraduates," Medical Education 28 (1994): 290-5; N. Gustavson, "The Effect of Human Dissection on First-Year Students and Implications for the Doctor-Patient Relationship," Journal of Medical Education 63, no. 1 (1988): 62-4.
7. M. Mars and M. McLean, "Students' Perceptions of a Multimedia Computer-Aided Instruction Resource in Histology," South Africa Medical Journal 86, no. 9 (1996): 1098-102; R.J. Walsh and R.C. Bohn, "Computer-Assisted Instructions: A Role in Teaching Human Gross Anatomy," Medical Education 24, no. 6 (1990): 499-506.
8. M. Mars and M. McLean, "Students' Perceptions of a Multimedia Computer-Aided Instruction Resource in Histology," South Africa Medical Journal 86, no. 9 (1996): 1098-102; R.J. Walsh and R.C. Bohn, "Computer-Assisted Instructions: A Role in Teaching Human Gross Anatomy," Medical Education 24, no. 6 (1990): 499-506.
9. S.E. Chia et al., "Medical Students' Exposure to Formaldehyde in a Gross Anatomy Dissection Laboratory," Journal of the American College of Physicians 41, no. 3 (1992): 115-9.
10. D.R. Cahill and R.J. Leonard, "The Role of Computers and Dissection in Teaching Anatomy: A Comment," Clinical Anatomy 10 (1997): 140-1.
11. P.C. Amadio, "Reaffirming the Importance of Dissection," Clinical Anatomy 9 (1996): 136-37, p. 136.
12. I b i d.
13. R. Price, A Whole New Life (New York: Atheneum, 1994), 145.
14. L. Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilych (New York: Bantam, 1981), 104.
15. D.J. Baxter, The Least of These My Brethren: A Doctor's Story of Hope and Miracles in an Inner-City AIDS Ward (San Diego, Calif.: Harcourt Brace, 1997), 57.
16. S.E. Weeks, E.E. Harris, and W.G. Kinzey, "Human Gross Anatomy: A Crucial Time to Encourage Respect and Compassion in Students," Clinical Anatomy 8, no. 1 (1995): 69-79, p. 69.
17. S. Mahler, "Anatomy Lessons," Western Journal of Medicine 163 (1995): 175-6.
18. K. M. Dixon, "Death and Remembrance: Addressing the Costs of Learning Anatomy through the Memorialization of Donors," The Journal of Clinical Ethics 10, no. 4 (Winter 1999): 300-8.
19. Ibid., 304.
20. Ibid., 307.
21. Ibid., 306.
22. Plato, "Meno," in Plato: Complete Worses, ed. J.M. Cooper (Indianapolis, Ind.: Hackett, 1997), 870-97. See especially lines 80 a-b.
23. C.S. Peirce, "The Fixation of Belief," in The Essential Peirce: Selected Philosophical Writings, vol. 1 (Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1992), 106-23.
24. Dixon, "Death and Remembrance," see note 14 above, p. 306.
25. A. Feenberg, Questioning Technology (New York: Routledge, 1999), 203.
26. C.A. Bowers, Let Them Eat Data: How Computers Affect Education, Cultural Diversity, and the Prospects of Ecological Sustainability (Athens, Ga.: The University of Georgia Press, 2000), 54.
27. Dixon, see note 14 above, p. 303.
28. Bowers, see note 22 above, p. 34.
29. T.H. Murray, "Gifts of the Body and the Needs of Strangers," Hastings Center Report 17 (1987): 30-8.
30. Dixon, see note 14 above, p. 304.
31. B.R. Warnick and D. Waddington, "The Gathering: An Ethical and Educational Criterion for Educational Technology," Educational Technology 44, no. 5 (September-October 2004): 24-32.
32. A. Rosner, "Plastic Surgery: Fake Bodies that Look, Feel, and Smell Real," Wired (June 2002): 36.
33. A. Borgmann, Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life (Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1984).
34. Ibid., 188.
35. M. Heidegger, "The Thing," in Poetry, Language, and Thought, ed. A. Hofsadter (New York: Harper and Row, 1971), 173.
36. H. Dreyfus, "Highway Bridges and Feasts: Heidegger and Borgmann on How to Affirm Technology," from the After Post-Modernism Conference, 1997, http://www.focusing.org/dreyfus.html.
37. Heidegger, see note 31 above, p. 149.
38. I b i d.
39. Dreyfus, see note 32 above.
40. See S.L. Bertman and S.C. Marks, "Humanities in Medical Education: Rationale and Resources for the Dissection Laboratory," Medical Education 19 (1985): 374-81; Dixon, see note 14 above; and Weeks et. al., see note 12 above.