Final report on the safety assessment of Potassium Silicate, Sodium Metasilicate, and Sodium Silicate

International Journal of Toxicology

Volumn 24, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2005, Pages 103-117

  Andersen, F Alan ^a  

^a CIR ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALI; BUFFER; CHELATING AGENT; COSMETIC; DETERGENT; DRINKING WATER; INORGANIC COMPOUND; METAL ION; OXIDE; POTASSIUM SILICATE; SILICATE; SILICATE SODIUM; SODIUM; SODIUM METASILICATE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WATER;

AQUEOUS SOLUTION; BACTERIAL CELL; CHEMISTRY; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTAMINATION; CORROSION; DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY; DEVELOPMENT; DISEASE SEVERITY; DOG; DYSPNEA; ESOPHAGUS DISEASE; EYE IRRITATION; EYE TOXICITY; FOOD; GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; GASTROINTESTINAL TOXICITY; GENOTOXICITY; HUMAN; IMMUNOMODULATION; IMMUNOTOXICITY; IN VITRO STUDY; INTOXICATION; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; LARYNX DISORDER; LD 50; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; LUNG TOXICITY; LYMPH NODE; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MOUTH DISEASE; MUTAGENICITY; NEPHROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PATCH TEST; PH; PHARYNX DISEASE; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; POLYMERIZATION; PROGENY; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; RESPIRATION DEPRESSION; REVIEW; SAFETY; SKIN ABRASION; SKIN ABSORPTION; SKIN IRRITATION; SKIN SENSITIZATION; SKIN TOXICITY; SOLUBILITY; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; SPERMATOZOON; STOMACH DISEASE; SWINE; SYMPTOM; SYNTHESIS; TESTIS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; TOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY; URINARY EXCRETION; VAS DEFERENS;

EID: 17144423239     PISSN: 10915818     EISSN: 1092874X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10915810590918643     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Alexander, A. G. 1968. In vitro effects of silicon on the action of sugarcane acid invertase. J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico 52:311-322.
2. Benke, G. M., and T. W. Osborn. 1979. Urinary silicon excretion by rats following oral administration of silicon compounds. Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 17:123-127.
3. Budavari, S., ed. 1989. The Merck Index. An encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals, 11th ed. Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.
4. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
5. 2. Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
6. 2. Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
7. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
8. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
9. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
10. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
11. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
12. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
13. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
14. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
15. Demerec, M., G. Bertani, and J. Flint. 1951. A survey of chemicals for mutagenic action on E. coli. Am Natur. 85:119-136.
16. Eichhorst, H. 1921. Water-glass poisoning. JAMA. 76:275-276.
17. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
18. European Economic Community (EEC). 1999. EEC Cosmetics Directive 76/768/EEC, as amended Annexes I-VII. Brussels: EEC.
19. Falcone, J. S. ed., 1982. Silicon compounds: Kirk-othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology, Vol. 20, 3rd ed., New York: John Wiley & Sons.
20. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB). 1981. Evaluation of the health aspects of sodium metasilicate and sodium zinc metasilicate as food ingredients. NTIS report No. PB82160367.
21. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2001. Frequency of use of cosmetic ingredients. FDA database. Washington, DC: FDA.
22. Gottschalck, T. E., and G. N. McEwen, Jr., eds. 2004. International cosmetic ingredient dictionary and handbook, 10th ed., Vol. 1-4. Washington, DC.: CTFA.
23. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
24. Ito, R., S. Saito, S. Nakai, Y. Tokunaga, T. Kubo, K. Hiraga, S. Iwahara, and Y. Koichi. 1986. Safety of anticorrosives in building water-pipe metal inhibitors sodium polyphosphate and sodium meta-silicate. Toxicol. Lett. 31:44.
25. Kada, T., E. Brun, and H. Marcovich. 1960. Comparison de l'induction de mutants prototrophs par les rayons X et UV chez Eshcerichia coli B/r try-. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 99:547-566.
26. Kamboj, V. P., and B. K. Amiya. 1964. Antitesticular effect of metallic and rare earth salts. J. Reprod. Fertil. 7:21-28.
27. Kayongo-Male, H., and X. Jia. 1999. Silicon bioavailability studies in young rapidly growing rats and turkeys fed semi-purified diets. Biol. Trace Element Res. 67:173-186.
28. Kind, P. R. N., E. J. King, V. Pash, W. Roamn, and E. Schmidt. 1954. Inhibition of enzymes by silicic acid. Biochem J. 56:xlv.
29. Lide, D. R., ed. 1993. CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, 74th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
30. 2 ZK 1350 to phototoxicity and skin corrosivity testing. Toxic in Vitro 9:557-562.
31. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
32. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
33. 2
34. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
35. Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHLW). 2000. Pharmaceutical and Medical Safety Bureau Notification No. 990. September 29. Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Pharmaceutical and Medical Safety Bureau, Inspection and Guidance Divison, 2-2, 1-chrome, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8045, Japan.
36. Muggenberg, B. A., J. L. Mauderly, F. F. Hahn, S. A. Silbaugh, and S. A. Felicetti. 1974. Effects of the ingestion of various commercial detergent products on beagle dogs and pigs. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmac. 30:134.
37. Nanetti, L. 1973. Su taluni effetti lesivi delsilicato di sodio. Zacchia. 9:96-128.
38. 2 Available for Review: Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 310, Washington DC 20036-4702, USA
39. Newberne, P. M., and R. B. Wilson. 1970. Renal damage associated with silicon compounds in dogs. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 65:872-875.
40. Nikitakis, J. M., and G. N. McEwen, Jr., eds. 1990. CTFA Compendium of cosmetic ingredient composition - specifications. Washington, DC: CTFA.
41. Nixon, G. A., C. A. Tyson, and W. C. Wertz. 1975. Interspecies comparisons of skin irritancy. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 31:481-490.
42. O'Connor, T. L. 1961. The reaction rates of polysilicic acids with molybdic acid. J. Phys. Chem. 65:1-5.
43. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). 1999. Sodium Silicate entry. RTECS database. Bestheda, MD: National Library of Medicine.
44. Reynolds, A. G., L. J. Veto, P. L. Sholberg, D. A. Wardle, and D. A. Haag. 1998. Use of potassium silicate for the control of powdery mildew [Uncinula necator (Schwein) Burrill] in Vitis vinifera L. Cultivar Bacchus. Am. J. Enol. Viticulture. 47:421-428.
45. Rhone-Poulenc Inc. 1971a. Initial submission: Primary skin irritation of sodium hexametaphosphate, powdered, in rabbits with cover letter. NTIS report no. OTS0555931.
46. Rhone-Poulenc Inc. 1971b. Intial submission: Comparative toxicology study of disilicates with cover letter dated 10/23/92. NTIS report no. OTS0571941.
47. Rhone-Poulenc Inc. 1976. Intial submission: Toxicology lab report T-5362 with dry chlorecso with cover letter dated 10/16/92. NTIS report no. OTS0571654.
48. Schwarz, K., and D. B. Milne. 1972. Growth promoting effects of silicon in rats. Nature. London 239:333-334.
49. Shakhbazyan, F. A., and A. A. Karapetyan. 1963. A study of the toxic properties of sodium metasilicate. Zh. Eksp. Klin. Med. 3:85-87.
50. Sigrist, T., and K. Flury. 1985. Death by peroral ingestion of soluble glass (sodium metasilicate). Z. Recht. smed. 94:245-250.
51. Smith, G. S., A. L. Neumann, V. H. Gledhill, and C. A. Arzola. 1973. Effects of soluble silica on growth, nutrient balance, and reproductive performance of albino rats. J. Anim. Sci. 36:271-278.
52. Tanka, T., Y. Miyachi, and T. Horio. 1982. Ulcerative contact dermatitis caused by sodium silicate. Arch. Dermatol. 118:518-520.