메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 141-175

State-of-the-art report: GCL shear strength and its measurement

Author keywords

Bentonite; Durability; Geosynthetic clay liner; Geosynthetics; Landfill; Shear strength; Shear test; Stability analysis

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; BENTONITE; CLAY PRODUCTS; DURABILITY; FAILURE (MECHANICAL); LAND FILL; MECHANICAL TESTING; MECHANICAL VARIABLES MEASUREMENT; SHEAR STRENGTH; SHEAR STRESS;

EID: 17044423512     PISSN: 10726349     EISSN: 10726349     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1680/gein.11.3.117.44484     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (68)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 0344993024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils under Consolidated Drained Conditions
    • ASTM D 3080. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA
    • ASTM D 3080. Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils under Consolidated Drained Conditions. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • 2
    • 0008765244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard Test Methods for One-Dimensional Swell or Settlement Potential of Cohesive Soils
    • ASTM D 4546. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA
    • ASTM D 4546. Standard Test Methods for One-Dimensional Swell or Settlement Potential of Cohesive Soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • 3
    • 0003786228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Soil and Geosynthetic or Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic Friction by the Direct Shear Method
    • ASTM D 5321. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA
    • ASTM D 5321. Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Soil and Geosynthetic or Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic Friction by the Direct Shear Method. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • 4
    • 0011653183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard Test Method for Determining the Internal and Interface Shear Resistance of Geosynthetic Clay Liner by the Direct Shear Method
    • ASTM D 6243. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA
    • ASTM D 6243. Standard Test Method for Determining the Internal and Interface Shear Resistance of Geosynthetic Clay Liner by the Direct Shear Method. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • 5
    • 32044437700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between the Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
    • ASTM D 6496. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA
    • ASTM D 6496. Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between the Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • 6
    • 32044437710 scopus 로고
    • On the slope stability of landfill capping seals using GCLs
    • Koerner, R. M., Gartung, E. & Zanzinger, H., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Alexiew, D., Kirschner, R. & Berkhout, H. (1995). On the slope stability of landfill capping seals using GCLs. Geosynthetic Clay Liners, Koerner, R. M., Gartung, E. & Zanzinger, H., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 151-158.
    • (1995) Geosynthetic Clay Liners , pp. 151-158
    • Alexiew, D.1    Kirschner, R.2    Berkhout, H.3
  • 7
    • 0031444040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of needle punched geosynthetic clay liners internal friction
    • Berard, J. F. (1997). Evaluation of needle punched geosynthetic clay liners internal friction. Proceedings, Geosynthetics '97, IFAI, Long Beach, CA, Vol. 1, pp. 351-362.
    • (1997) Proceedings, Geosynthetics '97, IFAI, Long Beach, CA , vol.1 , pp. 351-362
    • Berard, J.F.1
  • 8
    • 3643063733 scopus 로고
    • A new ring shear apparatus and its application to the measurement of residual strength
    • Bishop, A. W., Green, G. E., Garga, V. K., Andersen, A. & Brown, J. D. (1971). A new ring shear apparatus and its application to the measurement of residual strength. Géotechnique, 21, No. 4, 273-328.
    • (1971) Géotechnique , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 273-328
    • Bishop, A.W.1    Green, G.E.2    Garga, V.K.3    Andersen, A.4    Brown, J.D.5
  • 9
    • 0025629413 scopus 로고
    • Direct shear friction testing for geosynthetics in waste containment
    • STP 1081, Koerner, R. M., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Bove, J. A. (1990). Direct shear friction testing for geosynthetics in waste containment. Geosynthetic Testing for Waste Containment Applications, STP 1081, Koerner, R. M., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 241-256.
    • (1990) Geosynthetic Testing for Waste Containment Applications , pp. 241-256
    • Bove, J.A.1
  • 11
    • 0036612336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slope stability of lining systems: Experimental modeling of friction at geosynthetic interfaces
    • Briancon, L., Girard, H. & Poulin, D. (2002). Slope stability of lining systems: experimental modeling of friction at geosynthetic interfaces. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 20, No. 3, 147-172.
    • (2002) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 147-172
    • Briancon, L.1    Girard, H.2    Poulin, D.3
  • 12
    • 0018493221 scopus 로고
    • A simple ring shear apparatus
    • Bromhead, E. N. (1979). A simple ring shear apparatus. Ground Engineering, 12, No. 5, 40-44.
    • (1979) Ground Engineering , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 40-44
    • Bromhead, E.N.1
  • 13
    • 0003250070 scopus 로고
    • Design issues with strain-softening interfaces in landfill liners
    • Byrne, R. J. (1994). Design issues with strain-softening interfaces in landfill liners. Proceedings, Waste Tech '94, Charleston, SC, pp. 1-26.
    • (1994) Proceedings, Waste Tech '94, Charleston, SC , pp. 1-26
    • Byrne, R.J.1
  • 14
    • 32044467132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal and interface shear strengths of unreinforced and needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners
    • Chiu, P. & Fox, P. J. (2004). Internal and interface shear strengths of unreinforced and needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners. Geosynthetics International, 11, No. 3, 152-175.
    • (2004) Geosynthetics International , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 152-175
    • Chiu, P.1    Fox, P.J.2
  • 15
    • 5544237908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A design perspective on shear strength testing of geosynthetic clay liners
    • Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Cowland, J. W. (1997). A design perspective on shear strength testing of geosynthetic clay liners. Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308, Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 229-239.
    • (1997) Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308 , pp. 229-239
    • Cowland, J.W.1
  • 16
    • 0000415074 scopus 로고
    • Effects of partial wetting on the performance of the bentonite component of a geosynthetic clay liner
    • Daniel, D. E., Shan, H.-Y. & Anderson, J. D. (1993). Effects of partial wetting on the performance of the bentonite component of a geosynthetic clay liner. Proceedings, Geosynthetics '93, IFAI, Vancouver, Vol. 3, pp. 1483-1496.
    • (1993) Proceedings, Geosynthetics '93, IFAI, Vancouver , vol.3 , pp. 1483-1496
    • Daniel, D.E.1    Shan, H.-Y.2    Anderson, J.D.3
  • 18
    • 0342785485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research on the Compressibility and Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
    • MS thesis, School of Civil Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
    • De Battista, D. J. (1996). Research on the Compressibility and Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners. MS thesis, School of Civil Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
    • (1996)
    • De Battista, D.J.1
  • 20
    • 85127632795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of different shear tests for GCLs and the use of these data in design
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • Eichenauer, T. & Reither, P. (2002). Comparison of different shear tests for GCLs and the use of these data in design. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers, Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 119-125.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 119-125
    • Eichenauer, T.1    Reither, P.2
  • 21
  • 22
    • 0031412282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear behavior of an unreinforced geosynthetic clay liner
    • Eid, H. T. & Stark, T. D. (1997). Shear behavior of an unreinforced geosynthetic clay liner. Geosynthetics International, 4, No. 6, 645-659.
    • (1997) Geosynthetics International , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 645-659
    • Eid, H.T.1    Stark, T.D.2
  • 23
    • 0033503103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of shear displacement rate on internal shear strength of a reinforced geosynthetic clay liner
    • Eid, H. T., Stark, T. D. & Doerfler, C. K. (1999). Effect of shear displacement rate on internal shear strength of a reinforced geosynthetic clay liner. Geosynthetics International, 6, No. 3, 219-239.
    • (1999) Geosynthetics International , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 219-239
    • Eid, H.T.1    Stark, T.D.2    Doerfler, C.K.3
  • 29
    • 0008189254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research on geosynthetic clay liners at Purdue University
    • Fox, P. J. (1998). Research on geosynthetic clay liners at Purdue University. Geotechnical News, 16, No. 1, 35-40.
    • (1998) Geotechnical News , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-40
    • Fox, P.J.1
  • 30
    • 0030455438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bearing capacity of geosynthetic clay liners for cover soils of varying particle size
    • Fox, P. J., De Battista, D. J. & Chen, S. H. (1996). Bearing capacity of geosynthetic clay liners for cover soils of varying particle size. Geosynthetics International, 3, No. 4, 447-461.
    • (1996) Geosynthetics International , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 447-461
    • Fox, P.J.1    De Battista, D.J.2    Chen, S.H.3
  • 33
    • 0032448808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field study of installation damage for geosynthetic clay liners
    • Fox, P. J., Triplett, E. J., Kim, R. H. & Olsta, J. T. (1998b). Field study of installation damage for geosynthetic clay liners. Geosynthetics International, 5, No. 5, 491-520.
    • (1998) Geosynthetics International , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 491-520
    • Fox, P.J.1    Triplett, E.J.2    Kim, R.H.3    Olsta, J.T.4
  • 34
    • 0033999392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic performance of geosynthetic clay liners under gravel cover soils
    • Fox, P. J., De Battista, D. J. & Mast, D. G. (2000). Hydraulic performance of geosynthetic clay liners under gravel cover soils. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 18, No. 2-4, 179-201.
    • (2000) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.18 , Issue.2-4 , pp. 179-201
    • Fox, P.J.1    De Battista, D.J.2    Mast, D.G.3
  • 36
    • 32044462128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory measurement of GCL shear strength
    • Mackey, R. E. & von Maubeuge, K., Editors, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (in press)
    • Fox, P. J., Stark, T. D. & Swan, R. H. Jr (2004). Laboratory measurement of GCL shear strength. Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology: 2nd Symposium, STP 1456, Mackey, R. E. & von Maubeuge, K., Editors, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (in press).
    • (2004) Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology: 2nd Symposium, STP 1456
    • Fox, P.J.1    Stark, T.D.2    Swan Jr., R.H.3
  • 37
    • 0030157492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geosynthetic clay liners, Part Four: Interface and internal shear strength determination
    • Frobel, R. K. (1996). Geosynthetic clay liners, Part Four: Interface and internal shear strength determination. Geotechnical Fabrics Report, 14, No. 8, 20-23.
    • (1996) Geotechnical Fabrics Report , vol.14 , Issue.8 , pp. 20-23
    • Frobel, R.K.1
  • 38
    • 0642263972 scopus 로고
    • Landfill cap designs using geosynthetic clay liners
    • Koerner, R. M., Gartung, E. & Zanzinger, H., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Fuller, J. M. (1995). Landfill cap designs using geosynthetic clay liners. Geosynthetic Clay Liners, Koerner, R. M., Gartung, E. & Zanzinger, H., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 129-140.
    • (1995) Geosynthetic Clay Liners , pp. 129-140
    • Fuller, J.M.1
  • 41
    • 0030477633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain softening behavior of waste containment system interfaces
    • Gilbert, R. B. & Byrne, R. J. (1996). Strain softening behavior of waste containment system interfaces. Geosynthetics International, 3, No. 2, 181-203.
    • (1996) Geosynthetics International , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-203
    • Gilbert, R.B.1    Byrne, R.J.2
  • 45
    • 0027334426 scopus 로고
    • Hyperbolic expression for soil-geosynthetic or geosynthetic-geosynthetic interface shear strength
    • Giroud, J. P., Darrasse, J. & Bachus, R. C. (1993). Hyperbolic expression for soil-geosynthetic or geosynthetic-geosynthetic interface shear strength. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 12, No. 3, 275-286.
    • (1993) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 275-286
    • Giroud, J.P.1    Darrasse, J.2    Bachus, R.C.3
  • 48
    • 0343220047 scopus 로고
    • On the long-term shear behavior of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) in capping sealing systems
    • Koerner, R. M., Gartung, E. & Zanzinger, H., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Heerten, G., Saathoff, F., Scheu, C. & von Maubeuge, K. P. (1995). On the long-term shear behavior of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) in capping sealing systems. Geosynthetic Clay Liners, Koerner, R. M., Gartung, E. & Zanzinger, H., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 141-150.
    • (1995) Geosynthetic Clay Liners , pp. 141-150
    • Heerten, G.1    Saathoff, F.2    Scheu, C.3    von Maubeuge, K.P.4
  • 49
    • 5544231422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of normal stress during hydration and shear on the shear strength of GCL/textured geomembrane interfaces
    • Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Hewitt, R. D., Soydemir, C., Stulgis, R. P. & Coombs, M. T. (1997). Effect of normal stress during hydration and shear on the shear strength of GCL/textured geomembrane interfaces. Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308, Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 55-70.
    • (1997) Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308 , pp. 55-70
    • Hewitt, R.D.1    Soydemir, C.2    Stulgis, R.P.3    Coombs, M.T.4
  • 50
    • 0034816630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear strength characteristics of PVC geomembrane-geosynthetic interfaces
    • Hillman, R. P. & Stark, T. D. (2001). Shear strength characteristics of PVC geomembrane-geosynthetic interfaces. Geosynthetics International, 8, No. 2, 135-162.
    • (2001) Geosynthetics International , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-162
    • Hillman, R.P.1    Stark, T.D.2
  • 51
    • 85127655273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Durability and lifetime of polymer fibers with respect to reinforced geosynthetic clay barriers; i.e. reinforced GCLs
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • Hsuan, Y. G. & Koerner, R. M. (2002). Durability and lifetime of polymer fibers with respect to reinforced geosynthetic clay barriers; i.e. reinforced GCLs. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers. Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 73-86.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 73-86
    • Hsuan, Y.G.1    Koerner, R.M.2
  • 52
    • 0031199715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instrumentation for monitoring field performance of the Cincinnati GCL test plots
    • Koerner, G. R., Bowders, J. J. & Scranton, H. B. (1997). Instrumentation for monitoring field performance of the Cincinnati GCL test plots. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 15, No. 4-6, 341-365.
    • (1997) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.15 , Issue.4-6 , pp. 341-365
    • Koerner, G.R.1    Bowders, J.J.2    Scranton, H.B.3
  • 53
    • 0004253056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4th edn, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
    • Koerner, R. M. (1998). Designing with Geosynthetics, 4th edn, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 761 pp.
    • (1998) Designing With Geosynthetics , pp. 761
    • Koerner, R.M.1
  • 54
    • 0000586759 scopus 로고
    • Technical equivalency assessment of GCLs to CCLs
    • Koerner, R. M. & Wilson-Fahmy, R. F., Editors, IFAI, Roseville, MN, USA
    • Koerner, R. M. & Daniel, D. E. (1993). Technical equivalency assessment of GCLs to CCLs. Geosynthetic Liner Systems: Innovations, Concerns, and Designs, Koerner, R. M. & Wilson-Fahmy, R. F., Editors, IFAI, Roseville, MN, USA, pp. 265-285.
    • (1993) Geosynthetic Liner Systems: Innovations, Concerns, and Designs , pp. 265-285
    • Koerner, R.M.1    Daniel, D.E.2
  • 56
    • 0022918060 scopus 로고
    • Shear strength parameters between geomembranes and cohesive soils
    • Koerner, R. M., Martin, J. P. & Koerner, G. R. (1986). Shear strength parameters between geomembranes and cohesive soils. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 4, No. 1, 21-30.
    • (1986) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-30
    • Koerner, R.M.1    Martin, J.P.2    Koerner, G.R.3
  • 59
    • 0347004282 scopus 로고
    • Residual Strength of Clays and Clay Shales by Rotation Shear Tests
    • Cambridge, MA
    • La Gatta, D. P. (1970). Residual Strength of Clays and Clay Shales by Rotation Shear Tests. Harvard Soil Mechanics Series, 86, Cambridge, MA.
    • (1970) Harvard Soil Mechanics Series , vol.86
    • La Gatta, D.P.1
  • 60
    • 0031921001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cyclic loading on internal shear strength of unreinforced geosynthetic clay liner
    • Lai, J., Daniel, D. E. & Wright, S. G. (1998). Effects of cyclic loading on internal shear strength of unreinforced geosynthetic clay liner. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 124, No. 1, 45-52.
    • (1998) Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-52
    • Lai, J.1    Daniel, D.E.2    Wright, S.G.3
  • 61
    • 0001236593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear strength characterization of geosynthetic interfaces on inclined planes
    • Lalarakotoson, S., Villard, P. & Gourc, J. P. (1999). Shear strength characterization of geosynthetic interfaces on inclined planes. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 22, No. 4, 284-291.
    • (1999) Geotechnical Testing Journal , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 284-291
    • Lalarakotoson, S.1    Villard, P.2    Gourc, J.P.3
  • 63
    • 85127703725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manufacturing of and the performance of an integrally-formed, polypropylene coated geosynthetic clay barrier
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • Lucas, S. N. (2002). Manufacturing of and the performance of an integrally-formed, polypropylene coated geosynthetic clay barrier. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers, Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 227-232.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 227-232
    • Lucas, S.N.1
  • 64
    • 0032953419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic engineering for interfaces in a landfill-containment system
    • Luellen, J. R., Dove, J. E. & Swan, R. H. Jr (1999). Seismic engineering for interfaces in a landfill-containment system. Geotechnical Fabrics Report, 17, No. 1, 24-29.
    • (1999) Geotechnical Fabrics Report , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-29
    • Luellen, J.R.1    Dove, J.E.2    Swan Jr., R.H.3
  • 66
    • 0242666353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommended design strength for needlepunched geosynthetic clay liner products
    • Marr, W. A. & Christopher, B. (2003). Recommended design strength for needlepunched geosynthetic clay liner products. Geotechnical Fabrics Report, 21, No. 8, 18-23.
    • (2003) Geotechnical Fabrics Report , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 18-23
    • Marr, W.A.1    Christopher, B.2
  • 67
    • 17044401103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal and Interface Shear Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs)
    • Geotechnical Research Report, Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder
    • McCartney, J. S., Zornberg, J. G. & Swan, R. H. Jr (2002). Internal and Interface Shear Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs). Geotechnical Research Report, Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder.
    • (2002)
    • McCartney, J.S.1    Zornberg, J.G.2    Swan Jr., R.H.3
  • 68
    • 32044466818 scopus 로고
    • Consideration of equipment loadings in geosynthetic lined slope designs
    • Siriwardane, H. J. & Zaman, M. M., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam
    • McKelvey, J. A. III (1994). Consideration of equipment loadings in geosynthetic lined slope designs. Proceedings, Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, Morgantown, WV, Siriwardane, H. J. & Zaman, M. M., Editors, Balkema, Rotterdam, Vol. 2, pp. 1371-1377.
    • (1994) Proceedings, Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, Morgantown, WV , vol.2 , pp. 1371-1377
    • McKelvey III, J.A.1
  • 69
    • 0012536962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength and conformance testing of a GCL used in a solid waste landfill lining system
    • Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Merrill, K. S. & O'Brien, A. J. (1997). Strength and conformance testing of a GCL used in a solid waste landfill lining system. Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308, Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 71-88.
    • (1997) Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308 , pp. 71-88
    • Merrill, K.S.1    O'Brien, A.J.2
  • 70
    • 0000973603 scopus 로고
    • Shear strength of montmorillonite
    • Mesri, G. & Olson, R. E. (1970). Shear strength of montmorillonite. Géotechnique, 20, No. 3, 261-270.
    • (1970) Géotechnique , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 261-270
    • Mesri, G.1    Olson, R.E.2
  • 72
    • 0037255166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple tilt table device to measure index friction angle of geosynthetics
    • Narejo, D. B. (2003). A simple tilt table device to measure index friction angle of geosynthetics. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 21, No. 1, 49-57.
    • (2003) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-57
    • Narejo, D.B.1
  • 74
    • 32044465427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corps of Engineers geosynthetic clay liner interface test program
    • Pavlik, K. L. (1997). Corps of Engineers geosynthetic clay liner interface test program. Proceedings, Geosynthetics '97, IFAI, Long Beach, CA, Vol. 2, pp. 877-884.
    • (1997) Proceedings, Geosynthetics '97, IFAI, Long Beach, CA , vol.2 , pp. 877-884
    • Pavlik, K.L.1
  • 76
    • 0030467408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface shear behavior of landfill composite liner systems: A finite element analysis
    • Reddy, K. R, Kosgi, S. & Motan, E. S. (1996). Interface shear behavior of landfill composite liner systems: a finite element analysis. Geosynthetics International, 3, No. 2, 247-275.
    • (1996) Geosynthetics International , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-275
    • Reddy, K.R.1    Kosgi, S.2    Motan, E.S.3
  • 77
    • 0030807489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GCL internal shear strength requirements
    • Richardson, G. N. (1997). GCL internal shear strength requirements. Geotechnical Fabrics Report, 15, No. 2, 20-25.
    • (1997) Geotechnical Fabrics Report , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 20-25
    • Richardson, G.N.1
  • 80
    • 0004040281 scopus 로고
    • Stability of Final Covers Placed on Slopes Containing Geosynthetic Clay Liners
    • PhD Dissertation, University of Texas, Austin, TX
    • Shan, H.-Y. (1993). Stability of Final Covers Placed on Slopes Containing Geosynthetic Clay Liners. PhD Dissertation, University of Texas, Austin, TX.
    • (1993)
    • Shan, H.-Y.1
  • 82
    • 0642294754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term and creep shear characteristics of a needlepunched thermally locked geosynthetic clay liner
    • Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Siebken, J. R., Swan, R. H. Jr & Yuan, Z. (1997). Short-term and creep shear characteristics of a needlepunched thermally locked geosynthetic clay liner. Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308, Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 89-102.
    • (1997) Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308 , pp. 89-102
    • Siebken, J.R.1    Swan Jr., R.H.2    Yuan, Z.3
  • 83
    • 0642356047 scopus 로고
    • Interface shear strength is not for the uninitiated
    • Smith, M. E. & Criley, K. (1995). Interface shear strength is not for the uninitiated. Geotechnical Fabrics Report, 13, No. 3, 28-31.
    • (1995) Geotechnical Fabrics Report , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 28-31
    • Smith, M.E.1    Criley, K.2
  • 84
    • 5544282045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of swell pressure on GCL cover stability
    • Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Stark, T. D. (1997). Effect of swell pressure on GCL cover stability. Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308, Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 30-44.
    • (1997) Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308 , pp. 30-44
    • Stark, T.D.1
  • 86
    • 0030435856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear behavior of reinforced geosynthetic clay liners
    • Stark, T. D. & Eid, H. T. (1996). Shear behavior of reinforced geosynthetic clay liners. Geosynthetics International, 3, No. 6, 771-786.
    • (1996) Geosynthetics International , vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp. 771-786
    • Stark, T.D.1    Eid, H.T.2
  • 87
    • 0028166634 scopus 로고
    • Landfill liner interface strengths from torsional-ring-shear tests
    • Stark, T. D. & Poeppel, A. R. (1994). Landfill liner interface strengths from torsional-ring-shear tests. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 120, No. 3, 597-615.
    • (1994) Journal of Geotechnical Engineering , vol.120 , Issue.3 , pp. 597-615
    • Stark, T.D.1    Poeppel, A.R.2
  • 88
    • 84937749776 scopus 로고
    • Closure to 'Landfill liner interface strengths from torsional ring shear tests
    • Stark, T. D. & Poeppel, A. R. (1995). Closure to 'Landfill liner interface strengths from torsional ring shear tests. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 121, No. 6, 509-510.
    • (1995) Journal of Geotechnical Engineering , vol.121 , Issue.6 , pp. 509-510
    • Stark, T.D.1    Poeppel, A.R.2
  • 92
    • 32044434084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and effect of bentonite migration in geosynthetic clay liners
    • (in press)
    • Stark, T. D., Choi, H. & Akhtarshad, R. (2004). Occurrence and effect of bentonite migration in geosynthetic clay liners. Geosynthetics International (in press).
    • (2004) Geosynthetics International
    • Stark, T.D.1    Choi, H.2    Akhtarshad, R.3
  • 95
    • 85127671479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term shear testing of geosynthetic clay liners
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • Thies, M., Gerloff, C., Müller, W. & Seeger, S. (2002). Long-term shear testing of geosynthetic clay liners. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers, Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 97-104.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 97-104
    • Thies, M.1    Gerloff, C.2    Müller, W.3    Seeger, S.4
  • 96
    • 85127702468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal oxidation of a polypropylene geotextile used in a geosynthetic clay liner
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • Thomas, R. W. (2002). Thermal oxidation of a polypropylene geotextile used in a geosynthetic clay liner. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers, Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 87-96.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 87-96
    • Thomas, R.W.1
  • 97
    • 5544226793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term shear strength behavior of a needlepunched geosynthetic clay liner
    • Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
    • Trauger, R. J., Swan, R. H. & Yuan, Z. (1997). Long-term shear strength behavior of a needlepunched geosynthetic clay liner. Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308, Well, L. W., Editor, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 103-120.
    • (1997) Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners, STP 1308 , pp. 103-120
    • Trauger, R.J.1    Swan, R.H.2    Yuan, Z.3
  • 100
    • 0034004533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of peel bond and shear tensile test methods for needlepunched geosynthetic clay liners
    • von Maubeuge, K. P. & Ehrenberg, H. (2000). Comparison of peel bond and shear tensile test methods for needlepunched geosynthetic clay liners. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 18, No. 2-4, 203-214.
    • (2000) Geotextiles and Geomembranes , vol.18 , Issue.2-4 , pp. 203-214
    • von Maubeuge, K.P.1    Ehrenberg, H.2
  • 101
    • 85127626198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peel and shear test comparison and geosynthetic clay liner shear strength correlation
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • von Maubeuge, K. P. & Lucas, S. N. (2002). Peel and shear test comparison and geosynthetic clay liner shear strength correlation. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers, Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 105-110.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 105-110
    • von Maubeuge, K.P.1    Lucas, S.N.2
  • 102
    • 32044474530 scopus 로고
    • Long-term in-situ measurements of a high density polyethylene geomembrane in a municipal solid waste landfill'
    • Yazdani, R., Campbell, J. L. & Koerner, G. R. (1995). Long-term in-situ measurements of a high density polyethylene geomembrane in a municipal solid waste landfill', Proceedings, Geosynthetics '95, IFAI, Nashville, TN, Vol. 3, pp. 893-905.
    • (1995) Proceedings, Geosynthetics '95, IFAI, Nashville, TN , vol.3 , pp. 893-905
    • Yazdani, R.1    Campbell, J.L.2    Koerner, G.R.3
  • 103
    • 32044467223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of long term shear strength of geosynthetic clay liners with shear creep tests
    • Patron Editore
    • Zanzinger, H. & Alexiew, N. (2000). Prediction of long term shear strength of geosynthetic clay liners with shear creep tests. Proceedings of the 2nd European Geosynthetic Conference, Bologna, Patron Editore, Vol. 2, pp. 567-571.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the 2nd European Geosynthetic Conference, Bologna , vol.2 , pp. 567-571
    • Zanzinger, H.1    Alexiew, N.2
  • 104
    • 85127642921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term internal shear testing on clay geosynthetic barriers
    • Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse
    • Zanzinger, H. & Alexiew, N. (2002). Long-term internal shear testing on clay geosynthetic barriers. Clay Geosynthetic Barriers, Zanzinger, H., Koerner, R. M. & Gartung, E., Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp. 111-117.
    • (2002) Clay Geosynthetic Barriers , pp. 111-117
    • Zanzinger, H.1    Alexiew, N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.