A Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Organic and Conventional Farming Systems on Soil Structure

Biological Agriculture and Horticulture

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 139-157

  Gerhardt, R A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PHERETIMA SIEBOLDI;

EID: 16944365441     PISSN: 01448765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01448765.1997.9754803     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Barnes, B.T. & Ellis, F.B. (1979). Effects of different methods of cultivation and direct drilling and disposal of straw residues on populations on earthworms. Journal of Soil Science, 30, 669-79.
2. Brady, N.C. (1990). The Nature and Properties of Soils. Macmillan Publishing Company; New York.
3. Bullock, P., Federoff N., Jongurius, A., Stoops, G. & Tursina, T. (1985). Handbook for Soil Thin Section Description. International Society of Soil Science; Waine Research Publications.
4. Doran, J.W. & Werner, M.R. (1990). Management and soil biology. In Sustainable Agriculture in Temperate Zones (C.A. Francis, C.B. Flora & L.D. King, eds.), pp. 205-229. Wiley and Sons; New York.
5. Fitzpatrick, E.A. (1984). Micromorphology of Soils. Chapman and Hall; London.
6. Francis, C.A. & Clegg, M.D. (1990). Crop rotations in sustainable production systems. In Sustainable Agricultural Systems (C.A. Edwards, R. Lai, P. Madden, R.H. Miller & G. House, eds.), pp. 107-122. Soil Water and Conservation Society; Ankeny, Iowa.
7. Fraser, D.G., Doran, J.W., Sahs, W.W. & Lesoing, G.W. (1988). Soil microbial populations and activities under conventional and organic management. Journal of Environmental Quality, 25, 135-152.
8. Hodgson, J.M. (1976). Soil Survey Field Handbook: Describing and Sampling Soil Profiles. Bartholomew Press; Dorking.
9. Hojito, M., Higashida, S., Nishimune, A. & Takao, K. (1987). Effects of liming on grass growth, soil solution composition and microbial activities. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 3, 177-185.
10. House, G. (1989). Soil arthropods from weed and crop roots of an agroecosystem in a wheat-soybean-com rotation: impact of tillage and herbicides. Agriculture, Ecosystems and the Environment, 25, 233-244.
11. Jenkinson, D.S. (1981). The fate of plant and animal residues in soil. In The Chemistry of Soil Processes (D.J. Greenland & M.H.B. Hayes, eds.), pp. 505-561. John Wiley; Chichester.
12. Jenny, H. (1941). Factors of Soil Formation. McGraw-Hill; New York.
13. Kay, B.D. (1990). Rates of change of soil structure under different cropping systems. In Advances in Soil Science (B.A. Stewart, ed.), Vol. 12, pp. 1-41. Springer-Verlag; New York.
14. Kladivko, E.J., Mackay, A.D. & Bradford, J.M. (1986). Earthworms as a factor in the reduction of soil crusting. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 50, 191-196.
15. Lampkin, N. (1990). Organic Farming. Farming Press; Ipswich.
16. Lynch, J.M. & Bragg, E. (1985). Microorganisms and soil aggregate stability. In Advances in Soil Science (B.A. Stewart, ed), Vol. 2, pp. 133-171. Springer-Verlag; New York.
17. Mackay, A.D. & Kladivko, E.J. (1985). Earthworms and the rate of breakdown of soybean and maize residues in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 16, 851-857.
18. MacRae, R.J. & Mehuys, G.R. (1985). The effect of green manuring on the physical soil properties of temperate-area soils. In Advances in Soil Science (B.A. Stewart, ed), Vol. 3, pp. 71-94. Springer-Verlag; New York.
19. Munsell Color. (1990). Munsell Soil Color Charts. Kollmorgen Instruments, Inc.; Baltimore, Maryland.
20. Murphy, C.P. (1986). Thin Section Preparation of Soils and Sediments. A B Academic Publishers; Berkhamstead.
21. Myers, R.G. & Thien, S.J. (1988). Organic matter solubility and soil reaction in an ammonium and phosphorus application zone. Soil Science Society of America, 52, 516-522.
22. Poincelot, R.P. (1986). Toward a More Sustainable Agriculture. AVI Publishing Company; Westport, Conneticut.
23. Reganold, J.P. (1988). Comparison of soil properties as influenced by organic and conventional farming systems. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture, 3, 144-154.
24. Shah Z., Adams, W.A, & Haven, C.D.V. (1990). Composition and acidity of the microbial population in an acid upland soil and effects of liming. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 22, 257-263.
25. Sommerfeldt, T.G. & Chang, C. (1985). Changes in soil properties under annual application of feedlot manure and different tillage practices. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 49, 983-987.
26. U.S. Department of Agriculture (1957). Soil-Yearbook of Agriculture. U.S. Government Printing Office; Washington D.C.
27. U.S. Department of Agriculture (1977). Soil Survey of Johnson County, Iowa. U.S. Government Printing Office; Washington D.C.
28. U.S. Department of Agriculture (1980). Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act, Summary of Appraisal, Parts 1 and 2 and Program Report. U.S. Government Printing Office; Washington D.C.
29. U.S. Department of Agriculture (1985). Research Progress in 1984. U.S. Government Printing Office; Washington D C.
30. Zachmann, J.E. & Linden, D R. (1989). Earthworm effects on com residue breakdown and infiltration. Soil Science Society of America Journal, S3, 1846-1849.