Adding aspirin to clopidogrel after TIA and ischemic stroke: Benefits do not match risks

Neurology

Volumn 64, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 1117-1121

  Hankey, Graeme J ^a,b,d   Eikelboom, John W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^c MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d ROYAL PERTH HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTACID AGENT; CLOPIDOGREL; DIPYRIDAMOLE; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; LOTRAFIBAN; PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; TICLOPIDINE;

ANGINA PECTORIS; ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLEEDING; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIARRHEA; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HUMAN; NEUTROPENIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RASH; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; RISK REDUCTION; THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;

EID: 16844384575     PISSN: 00283878     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000156357.50448.8A     Document Type: Review

References (33)

1. Coull AJ, Lovett JK, Rothwell PM, on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study. Population based study of early risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack or minor stroke: implications for public education and organisation of services. BMJ 2004;328:326-328.
2. Lovett JK, Coull A, Rothwell PM, on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study. Early risk of recurrent stroke by etiological subtype: implications for stroke prevention. Neurology 2004;62:569-574.
3. Clark TG, Murphy MFG, Rothwell PM. Long term risks of stroke, myocardialinfarction, and vascular death in "low risk" patients with non-recent transient ischemic attack. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:577-580.
4. Hardie K, Hankey GJ, Jamrozik K, Broadhurst R, Anderson C. Ten-year survival after first-ever stroke in the Perth Community Stroke Study. Stroke 2003;34:1842-1846.
5. Dippel DW, Wijnhoud AD, Koudstaal PJ. Prediction of major vascular events after TIA or minor stroke. A comparison of 6 models. Cerebrovasc Dis 2004;17(suppl 5):35. Abstract.
6. Rothwell PM, Eliasziw M, Gutnikov SA, Warlow CP, Barnett HJM, for the Carotid Endarterectomy Trialists Collaboration. Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in relation to clinical subgroups and timing of surgery. Lancet 2004;363:915-924.
7. PROGRESS Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. Lancet 2001;358:1033-1041.
8. Collins R, Armitage J, Parish S, Sleight P, Peto R, Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. Effects of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin on stroke and other major vascular events in 20,536 people with cerebrovascular disease or other high-risk conditions. Lancet 2004;363:757-767.
9. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 1998;352:854-865.
10. Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, et al. Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women. JAMA 1993;269:232-236.
11. Antithrombotic Trialists' Collaboration. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ 2002;324:71-86.
12. Algra A, van Gijn J. Cumulative meta-analysis of aspirin efficacy after cerebral ischemia of arterial origin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66:255.
13. Derry S, Loke YK. Risk of gastrointestinal hemorrhage with long term use of aspirin: meta-analysis. BMJ 2000;321:1183-1187.
14. He J, Whelton PK, Vu B, Klag MJ. Aspirin and risk of hemorrhagic stroke. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 1998;280:1930-1935.
15. Serebruany VL, Malinin AI, Eisert RM, Sane DC. Risk of bleeding complications with antiplatelet agents: meta-analysis of 338,191 patients enrolled in 50 randomized controlled trials. Am J Hematol 2004;75:40-47.
16. De Schryver EL, Algra A, van Gijn J. Cochrane review: dipyridamole for preventing major vascular events in patients with vascular disease: dipyridamole in stroke prevention. Stroke 2003;34:2072-2080.
17. Diener HC, Cunha L, Forbes C, et al. European Stroke Prevention Study 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci 1996;143:1-13.
18. Hankey GJ, Sudlow CLM, Dunbabin DW. Thienopyridines or aspirin to prevent stroke and other serious vascular events in patients at high risk of vascular disease. Stroke 2000;31:1779-1784.
19. Gorelick PB, Richardson DJ, Kelly M, et al., for the African American Antiplatelet Stroke Prevention Study (AAAPS) Investigators. Aspirin and ticlopidine for prevention of recurrent stroke in black patients. A randomized trial. JAMA 2003;289:2947-2957.
20. Hankey GJ. Clopidogrel and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 2000;356:269-270.
21. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised blinded trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 1996;348:1333-1338.
22. The Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events (CURE) Trial Investigators. Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med 2001;345:494-502.
23. Diener H-C, Bogousslavsky J, Brass LM, et al., on behalf of the MATCH investigators. Aspirin and clopidogrel vs clopidogrel alone after recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2004;364:331-337.
24. Keltz TN, Innerfield M, Gitler B, Copper JA. Dipyridamole-induced myocardial ischemia. JAMA 1987;257:1515-1516.
25. Virtanen KS, Mattila S, Jarvinen A, Frick MH. Angiographic findings in patients exhibiting ischemia after oral dipyridamole. Int J Cardiol 1989;23:33-36.
26. Jain A, Suarez J, Mahmarian JJ, Zoghbi WA, Quinones MA, Verani MS. Functional significance of myocardial perfusion defects induced by dipyridamole using thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography and two-dimensional echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 1990;66:802-806.
27. Akinboboye OO, Idris O, Chou RL, Sciacca RR, Cannon PJ, Bergmann SR. Absolute quantitation of coronary steal induced by intravenous dipyridamole. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37:109-116.
28. Chew DP, Bhatt DL, Sapp S, Topol EJ. Increased mortality with oral platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists. A meta-analysis of phase III multicenter randomized trials. Circulation 2001;103:201-206.
29. Topol EJ, Easton JD, Amarenco P, et al. Design of the blockade of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor to avoid vascular occlusion (BRAVO) trial. Am Heart J 2000;139:927-933.
30. The Stroke Prevention in Reversible Ischemia Trial (SPIRIT) Study Group. A randomized trial of anticoagulants versus aspirin after cerebral ischemia of presumed arterial origin. Ann Neurol 1997;42:857-865.
31. Mehta SR, Yusuf S, Peters RJG, et al., for the Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent Events trial (CURE) Investigators. Effects of pretreatment with clopidogrel and aspirin followed by long-term therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the PCI-CURE study. Lancet 2001;358:527-533.
32. Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Mann JT III et al., for the CREDO Investigators. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288:2411-2420.
33. De Schryver ELLM, on behalf of the European/Australian Stroke Prevention in Reversible Ischemia Trial (ESPRIT) Group. Design of ESPRIT: an international randomised trial for secondary prevention after non-disabling cerebral ischemia of arterial origin. Cerebrovasc Dis 2000;10:147-150.