메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 206, Issue 3-4, 2004, Pages 311-335

Dietary reconstruction of Miocene Gomphotherium (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the Great Plains region, USA, based on the carbon isotope composition of tusk and molar enamel

Author keywords

Carbon isotopes; Enamel; Gomphotherium; Miocene; Paleodiet

Indexed keywords

CARBON ISOTOPE; DIET; MIOCENE; PALEOECOLOGY; PALEOENVIRONMENT; TOOTH;

EID: 16544384316     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.01.010     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (44)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 51849180749 scopus 로고
    • Rise of the grassland biome, central North America
    • Axelrod D.I. Rise of the grassland biome, central North America. Botanical Review. 51:1985;163-201.
    • (1985) Botanical Review , vol.51 , pp. 163-201
    • Axelrod, D.I.1
  • 2
    • 84879884297 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic-polarity stratigraphy of the Miocene type Tesuque Formation, Santa Fe Group, in the Española Valley, New Mexico
    • Barghoorn S. Magnetic-polarity stratigraphy of the Miocene type Tesuque Formation, Santa Fe Group, in the Española Valley, New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 92:1981;1027-1041.
    • (1981) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.92 , pp. 1027-1041
    • Barghoorn, S.1
  • 3
    • 0020380675 scopus 로고
    • Elephant feeding behavior in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania
    • Barnes R.F.W. Elephant feeding behavior in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology. 20:1982;123-136.
    • (1982) African Journal of Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 123-136
    • Barnes, R.F.W.1
  • 5
    • 0002899967 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny and function of the digital ligaments of the horse
    • Camp C.L., Smith N. Phylogeny and function of the digital ligaments of the horse. Memoirs of the University of California. 13:1942;69-124.
    • (1942) Memoirs of the University of California , vol.13 , pp. 69-124
    • Camp, C.L.1    Smith, N.2
  • 6
    • 0032869737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotope fractionation between diet and bioapatite in ungulate mammals and implications for ecological and paleoecological studies
    • Cerling T.E., Harris J.M. Carbon isotope fractionation between diet and bioapatite in ungulate mammals and implications for ecological and paleoecological studies. Oecologia. 120:1999;347-363.
    • (1999) Oecologia , vol.120 , pp. 347-363
    • Cerling, T.E.1    Harris, J.M.2
  • 8
    • 0002607299 scopus 로고
    • Taxon-free characterizations of animal communities
    • A.K. Behrensmeyer, J.D. Damuth, W.A. DeMichele, R. Potts, H.-D. Sues, & S.L. Wing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Damuth J.D., Jablonski D., Harris J.A., Potts R., Stucky R.K., Sues H.-D., Weishampel D.B. Taxon-free characterizations of animal communities. Behrensmeyer A.K., Damuth J.D., DeMichele W.A., Potts R., Sues H.-D., Wing S.L. Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Time. 1992;182-203 University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1992) Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Time , pp. 182-203
    • Damuth, J.D.1    Jablonski, D.2    Harris, J.A.3    Potts, R.4    Stucky, R.K.5    Sues, H.-D.6    Weishampel, D.B.7
  • 9
    • 0000253515 scopus 로고
    • Growth layers and incremental markings in hard tissues; A review of the literature and some preliminary observations about enamel structure in Paranthropus boisei
    • Dean M.C. Growth layers and incremental markings in hard tissues; a review of the literature and some preliminary observations about enamel structure in Paranthropus boisei. Journal of Human Evolution. 16:1987;157-172.
    • (1987) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.16 , pp. 157-172
    • Dean, M.C.1
  • 10
    • 0022194567 scopus 로고
    • A nutritional explanation for body-size patterns of ruminant and non-ruminant herbivores
    • Demment M.W., Van Soest P.J. A nutritional explanation for body-size patterns of ruminant and non-ruminant herbivores. American Naturalist. 125:1985;641-672.
    • (1985) American Naturalist , vol.125 , pp. 641-672
    • Demment, M.W.1    Van Soest, P.J.2
  • 11
  • 13
    • 0000431183 scopus 로고
    • Mastodon procurement by Paleoindians of the Great Lakes Region: Hunting or scavenging?
    • M.H. Nitecki, & D.V. Nitecki. New York: Plenum
    • Fisher D.C. Mastodon procurement by Paleoindians of the Great Lakes Region: hunting or scavenging? Nitecki M.H., Nitecki D.V. The Evolution of Human Hunting. 1987;309-421 Plenum, New York.
    • (1987) The Evolution of Human Hunting , pp. 309-421
    • Fisher, D.C.1
  • 14
    • 0034161691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth increments in Gomphotherium tusks and implications for late Miocene climate change in North America
    • Fox D.L. Growth increments in Gomphotherium tusks and implications for late Miocene climate change in North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 156:2000;327-348.
    • (2000) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.156 , pp. 327-348
    • Fox, D.L.1
  • 15
    • 0034930604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable isotope ecology of a late Miocene population of Gomphotherium (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from Port of Entry Pit, Oklahoma, USA
    • Fox D.L., Fisher D.C. Stable isotope ecology of a late Miocene population of Gomphotherium (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from Port of Entry Pit, Oklahoma, USA. Palaios. 16:2001;279-293.
    • (2001) Palaios , vol.16 , pp. 279-293
    • Fox, D.L.1    Fisher, D.C.2
  • 16
    • 0141460609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4 biomass in the Great Plains, USA
    • 4 biomass in the Great Plains, USA. Geology. 31:2003;809-812.
    • (2003) Geology , vol.31 , pp. 809-812
    • Fox, D.L.1    Koch, P.L.2
  • 18
    • 0021576811 scopus 로고
    • Coevolutionary disequilibrium and Pleistocene extinctions
    • P.S. Martin, & R.G. Klein. Tucson: University of Arizona Press
    • Graham R.W., Lundelius E.L. Coevolutionary disequilibrium and Pleistocene extinctions. Martin P.S., Klein R.G. Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution. 1984;223-249 University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
    • (1984) Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution , pp. 223-249
    • Graham, R.W.1    Lundelius, E.L.2
  • 19
    • 0000856648 scopus 로고
    • Depositional facies of the Miocene-Pliocene Ogallala Formation, northwestern Texas and eastern New Mexico
    • Gustavson T.C., Winkler D.A. Depositional facies of the Miocene-Pliocene Ogallala Formation, northwestern Texas and eastern New Mexico. Geology. 16:1988;203-206.
    • (1988) Geology , vol.16 , pp. 203-206
    • Gustavson, T.C.1    Winkler, D.A.2
  • 20
    • 0021620984 scopus 로고
    • Mosaics, allochemics, and nutrients: An ecological theory of late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions
    • P.S. Martin, & R.G. Klein. Tucson: University of Arizona Press
    • Guthrie R.D. Mosaics, allochemics, and nutrients: an ecological theory of late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions. Martin P.S., Klein R.G. Quaternary Extinctions: A prehistoric Revolution. 1984;259-298 University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
    • (1984) Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution , pp. 259-298
    • Guthrie, R.D.1
  • 21
    • 0020925391 scopus 로고
    • 4 grasses in Australia in relation to climate
    • 4 grasses in Australia in relation to climate. Oecologia. 57:1983;113-128.
    • (1983) Oecologia , vol.57 , pp. 113-128
    • Hattersley, P.W.1
  • 23
    • 0003055035 scopus 로고
    • The use of fossil ungulate communities as indicators of climate and environment
    • P. Brenchley. New York: Wiley
    • Janis C.M. The use of fossil ungulate communities as indicators of climate and environment. Brenchley P. Fossils and Climate. 1984;85-104 Wiley, New York.
    • (1984) Fossils and Climate , pp. 85-104
    • Janis, C.M.1
  • 24
    • 0024874170 scopus 로고
    • A climatic explanation for patterns of evolutionary diversification in ungulate mammals
    • Janis C.M. A climatic explanation for patterns of evolutionary diversification in ungulate mammals. Palaeontology. 32:1989;463-481.
    • (1989) Palaeontology , vol.32 , pp. 463-481
    • Janis, C.M.1
  • 25
    • 0025599180 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of cranial and dental variables with dietary preferences in mammals: A comparison of macropodoids and ungulates
    • Janis C.M. Correlation of cranial and dental variables with dietary preferences in mammals: a comparison of macropodoids and ungulates. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 28:1990;349-366.
    • (1990) Memoirs of the Queensland Museum , vol.28 , pp. 349-366
    • Janis, C.M.1
  • 26
    • 0027333477 scopus 로고
    • Tertiary mammal evolution in the context of changing climates, vegetation, and tectonic events
    • Janis C.M. Tertiary mammal evolution in the context of changing climates, vegetation, and tectonic events. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 24:1993;467-500.
    • (1993) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.24 , pp. 467-500
    • Janis, C.M.1
  • 27
  • 28
    • 0037022027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins and evolution of the North American grassland biome: The story from the hoofed mammals
    • Janis C.M., Damuth J., Theodor J.M. The origins and evolution of the North American grassland biome: the story from the hoofed mammals. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 177:2002;183-198.
    • (2002) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.177 , pp. 183-198
    • Janis, C.M.1    Damuth, J.2    Theodor, J.M.3
  • 29
    • 0016825530 scopus 로고
    • The functional adaptations of primate molar teeth
    • Kay R.F. The functional adaptations of primate molar teeth. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 43:1975;195-216.
    • (1975) American Journal of Physical Anthropology , vol.43 , pp. 195-216
    • Kay, R.F.1
  • 30
    • 0021580064 scopus 로고
    • Environmental insularity and the extinction of the American mastodont
    • P.S. Martin, & R.G. Klein. Tucson: University of Arizona Press
    • King J.E., Saunders J.J. Environmental insularity and the extinction of the American mastodont. Martin P.S., Klein R.G. Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution. 1984;315-339 University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
    • (1984) Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution , pp. 315-339
    • King, J.E.1    Saunders, J.J.2
  • 31
    • 0031664254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotopic reconstruction of past continental environments
    • Koch P.L. Isotopic reconstruction of past continental environments. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science. 26:1998;573-613.
    • (1998) Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science , vol.26 , pp. 573-613
    • Koch, P.L.1
  • 33
    • 0030828801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of sample treatment and diagenesis on the isotopic integrity of carbonate in biogenic hydroxylapatite
    • Koch P.L., Tuross N., Fogel M.L. The effects of sample treatment and diagenesis on the isotopic integrity of carbonate in biogenic hydroxylapatite. Journal of Archaeological Science. 24:1997;417-429.
    • (1997) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.24 , pp. 417-429
    • Koch, P.L.1    Tuross, N.2    Fogel, M.L.3
  • 34
    • 0032418524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The isotopic ecology of late Pleistocene mammals in North America: Part 1. Florida
    • Koch P.L., Hoppe K.A., Webb S.D. The isotopic ecology of late Pleistocene mammals in North America: Part 1. Florida. Chemical Geology. 152:1998;119-138.
    • (1998) Chemical Geology , vol.152 , pp. 119-138
    • Koch, P.L.1    Hoppe, K.A.2    Webb, S.D.3
  • 35
    • 1942522948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biogeography of the gomphotheriid proboscideans of North America
    • J. Shoshani, & P. Tassy. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press
    • Lambert W.D. The biogeography of the gomphotheriid proboscideans of North America. Shoshani J., Tassy P. The Proboscidea: Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and their Relatives. 1996;143-148 Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.
    • (1996) The Proboscidea: Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives , pp. 143-148
    • Lambert, W.D.1
  • 37
  • 40
    • 0009127923 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy and mammalian paleontology of the Ash Hollow Formation (Upper Miocene) on the north shore of Lake McConaughy, Keith County, Nebraska
    • Leite M.B. Stratigraphy and mammalian paleontology of the Ash Hollow Formation (Upper Miocene) on the north shore of Lake McConaughy, Keith County, Nebraska. Contributions to Geology-University of Wyoming. 28:1990;1-29.
    • (1990) Contributions to Geology-University of Wyoming , vol.28 , pp. 1-29
    • Leite, M.B.1
  • 41
    • 0001583709 scopus 로고
    • Comparative age of grassland and steppe east and west of the northern Rocky Mountains
    • Leopold E.B., Denton M.F. Comparative age of grassland and steppe east and west of the northern Rocky Mountains. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 74:1987;841-867.
    • (1987) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.74 , pp. 841-867
    • Leopold, E.B.1    Denton, M.F.2
  • 42
    • 0021608364 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate: A new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research?
    • Longinelli A. Oxygen isotopes in mammal bone phosphate: a new tool for paleohydrological and paleoclimatological research? Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 48:1984;385-390.
    • (1984) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.48 , pp. 385-390
    • Longinelli, A.1
  • 43
    • 0031717029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tale of two rhinos: Isotopic ecology, paleodiet, and niche differentiation of Aphelops and Teleoceras from the Florida Neogene
    • MacFadden B.J. Tale of two rhinos: isotopic ecology, paleodiet, and niche differentiation of Aphelops and Teleoceras from the Florida Neogene. Paleobiology. 24:1998;274-286.
    • (1998) Paleobiology , vol.24 , pp. 274-286
    • MacFadden, B.J.1
  • 44
    • 0030306133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian herbivore communities, ancient feeding ecology, and carbon isotopes: A 10 million year sequence from the Neogene of Florida
    • MacFadden B.J., Cerling T.E. Mammalian herbivore communities, ancient feeding ecology, and carbon isotopes: a 10 million year sequence from the Neogene of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 16:1996;103-115.
    • (1996) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.16 , pp. 103-115
    • MacFadden, B.J.1    Cerling, T.E.2
  • 45
    • 0033525017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancient diets, ecology, and extinction of 5-million-year-old horses from Florida
    • MacFadden B.J., Solounias N., Cerling T.E. Ancient diets, ecology, and extinction of 5-million-year-old horses from Florida. Science. 283:1999;824-827.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 824-827
    • MacFadden, B.J.1    Solounias, N.2    Cerling, T.E.3
  • 46
    • 33745952271 scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotope fractionation in plants
    • O'Leary M.H. Carbon isotope fractionation in plants. Phytochemistry. 20:1981;553-567.
    • (1981) Phytochemistry , vol.20 , pp. 553-567
    • O'Leary, M.H.1
  • 47
    • 0001552846 scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotopes in photosynthesis
    • O'Leary M.H. Carbon isotopes in photosynthesis. BioScience. 38:1988;328-336.
    • (1988) BioScience , vol.38 , pp. 328-336
    • O'Leary, M.H.1
  • 50
    • 0000949081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neogene expansion of the North American prairie
    • Retallack G.J. Neogene expansion of the North American prairie. Palaios. 12:1997;380-390.
    • (1997) Palaios , vol.12 , pp. 380-390
    • Retallack, G.J.1
  • 51
    • 0027046765 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal forage utilization by elephants in central Africa
    • Ruggiero R.G. Seasonal forage utilization by elephants in central Africa. African Journal of Ecology. 30:1992;137-148.
    • (1992) African Journal of Ecology , vol.30 , pp. 137-148
    • Ruggiero, R.G.1
  • 52
    • 0020485768 scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotope ratios of apatite from fossil bone cannot be used to reconstruct diets of animals
    • Schoeninger M.J., DeNiro M.J. Carbon isotope ratios of apatite from fossil bone cannot be used to reconstruct diets of animals. Science. 297:1982;577-578.
    • (1982) Science , vol.297 , pp. 577-578
    • Schoeninger, M.J.1    Deniro, M.J.2
  • 53
    • 0025529010 scopus 로고
    • Clarendonian and Hemphillian vertebrate faunas from the Ogallala Formation (late Miocene-early Pliocene) of the Texas panhandle and adjacent Oklahoma
    • T.C. Gustavson. Austin: Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin
    • Schultz G.E. Clarendonian and Hemphillian vertebrate faunas from the Ogallala Formation (late Miocene-early Pliocene) of the Texas panhandle and adjacent Oklahoma. Gustavson T.C. Geologic Framework and Regional Hydrology: Upper Cenozoic Blackwater Draw and Ogallala Formations, Great Plains. 1990;56-97 Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin.
    • (1990) Geologic Framework and Regional Hydrology: Upper Cenozoic Blackwater Draw and Ogallala Formations, Great Plains , pp. 56-97
    • Schultz, G.E.1
  • 54
    • 0022913184 scopus 로고
    • Biogenic and diagenetic Sr/Ca in Plio-Pleistocene fossils of the Omo Shungura Formation
    • Sillen A. Biogenic and diagenetic Sr/Ca in Plio-Pleistocene fossils of the Omo Shungura Formation. Paleobiology. 12:1986;311-323.
    • (1986) Paleobiology , vol.12 , pp. 311-323
    • Sillen, A.1
  • 55
    • 0028193596 scopus 로고
    • Trace element and isotopic aspects of predator-prey relationships in terrestrial foodwebs
    • Sillen A., Lee-Thorp J.A. Trace element and isotopic aspects of predator-prey relationships in terrestrial foodwebs. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 107:1994;243-255.
    • (1994) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.107 , pp. 243-255
    • Sillen, A.1    Lee-Thorp, J.A.2
  • 56
    • 0001525889 scopus 로고
    • Tertiary stratigraphy and the Frick Collection of fossil vertebrates from North-Central Nebraska
    • Skinner M.F., Johnson F.W. Tertiary stratigraphy and the Frick Collection of fossil vertebrates from North-Central Nebraska. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 178:1984;215-368.
    • (1984) Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , vol.178 , pp. 215-368
    • Skinner, M.F.1    Johnson, F.W.2
  • 58
    • 0024233817 scopus 로고
    • Interpreting the diet of extinct ruminants: The case of a non-browsing giraffid
    • Solounias N., Teaford M., Walker A. Interpreting the diet of extinct ruminants: the case of a non-browsing giraffid. Paleobiology. 14:1988;287-300.
    • (1988) Paleobiology , vol.14 , pp. 287-300
    • Solounias, N.1    Teaford, M.2    Walker, A.3
  • 59
    • 0343921014 scopus 로고
    • Sandstone petrofacies in the Cenozoic High Plains sequence, eastern Wyoming and Nebraska
    • Stanley K.O. Sandstone petrofacies in the Cenozoic High Plains sequence, eastern Wyoming and Nebraska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 87:1976;297-309.
    • (1976) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.87 , pp. 297-309
    • Stanley, K.O.1
  • 60
    • 84879888106 scopus 로고
    • Mammalian biochronology of the late Cenozoic basins of New Mexico
    • Tedford R.H. Mammalian biochronology of the late Cenozoic basins of New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 92:1981;1008-1022.
    • (1981) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.92 , pp. 1008-1022
    • Tedford, R.H.1
  • 61
    • 0001770787 scopus 로고
    • Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (Late Oligocene through Earliest Pliocene epochs) in North America
    • M.O. Woodburne. Berkeley: University of California Press
    • Tedford R.H., Skinner M.F., Fields R.W., Rensberger J.M., Whistler D.P., Galusha T., Taylor B.E., Macdonald J.R., Webb S.D. Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (Late Oligocene through Earliest Pliocene epochs) in North America. Woodburne M.O. Cenozoic Mammals of North America. 1987;153-210 University of California Press, Berkeley.
    • (1987) Cenozoic Mammals of North America , pp. 153-210
    • Tedford, R.H.1    Skinner, M.F.2    Fields, R.W.3    Rensberger, J.M.4    Whistler, D.P.5    Galusha, T.6    Taylor, B.E.7    MacDonald, J.R.8    Webb, S.D.9
  • 63
    • 0000083443 scopus 로고
    • Stable carbon isotopes in terrestrial ecosystem research
    • P.W. Rundel, J.R. Ehleringer, & K.A. Nagy. New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Tieszen L.L., Boutton T.W. Stable carbon isotopes in terrestrial ecosystem research. Rundel P.W., Ehleringer J.R., Nagy K.A. Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research. 1989;167-195 Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1989) Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research , pp. 167-195
    • Tieszen, L.L.1    Boutton, T.W.2
  • 64
    • 0004620124 scopus 로고
    • Status of the genus Serridentinus Osborn 1923 (Proboscidea, Mammalia) and related forms
    • Tobien H. Status of the genus Serridentinus Osborn 1923 (Proboscidea, Mammalia) and related forms. Mainzer Geowissenschaftliche Mitteilungen. 1:1972;143-191.
    • (1972) Mainzer Geowissenschaftliche Mitteilungen , vol.1 , pp. 143-191
    • Tobien, H.1
  • 65
    • 0001424045 scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of the Mastodonts (Proboscidea, Mammalia): Part 1. The bunodont trilophodont groups
    • Tobien H. On the evolution of the Mastodonts (Proboscidea, Mammalia): Part 1. The bunodont trilophodont groups. Notizblatt des Hessischen Landesamtes für Bodenforschung. 101:1973;202-276.
    • (1973) Notizblatt des Hessischen Landesamtes für Bodenforschung , vol.101 , pp. 202-276
    • Tobien, H.1
  • 66
    • 0020351450 scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotopes, photosynthesis, and archaeology
    • van der Merwe N.J. Carbon isotopes, photosynthesis, and archaeology. American Scientist. 70:1982;596-606.
    • (1982) American Scientist , vol.70 , pp. 596-606
    • Van Der Merwe, N.J.1
  • 68
    • 0005852860 scopus 로고
    • Vertebrate paleontology of the proposed Norden Reservoir area, Brown, Cherry, and Keya Paha Counties, Nebraska
    • Lincoln: University of Nebraska
    • Voorhies M.R. Vertebrate paleontology of the proposed Norden Reservoir area, Brown, Cherry, and Keya Paha Counties, Nebraska. Technical Report. vol. 82-09:1990;University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
    • (1990) Technical Report , vol.8209
    • Voorhies, M.R.1
  • 69
    • 0023509565 scopus 로고
    • The Hottell Ranch rhino quarries (basal Ogallala: Medial Barstovian), Banner County, Nebraska: Part I. Geologic setting, faunal lists, lower vertebrates
    • Voorhies M.R., Holman A.J., Xiang-Xu X. The Hottell Ranch rhino quarries (basal Ogallala: medial Barstovian), Banner County, Nebraska: Part I. Geologic setting, faunal lists, lower vertebrates. Contributions to Geology-University of Wyoming. 25:1987;55-69.
    • (1987) Contributions to Geology-University of Wyoming , vol.25 , pp. 55-69
    • Voorhies, M.R.1    Holman, A.J.2    Xiang-Xu, X.3
  • 70
    • 0002123244 scopus 로고
    • Ecological and adaptive changes associated with early hominid evolution
    • E. Delson. New York: Alan R. Liss
    • Vrba E.S. Ecological and adaptive changes associated with early hominid evolution. Delson E. Ancestors: The Hard Evidence. 1985;63-71 Alan R. Liss, New York.
    • (1985) Ancestors: The Hard Evidence , pp. 63-71
    • Vrba, E.S.1
  • 71
    • 0018263491 scopus 로고
    • Microwear of mammalian teeth as an indicator of diet
    • Walker A., Hoeck H.N., Perez L.M. Microwear of mammalian teeth as an indicator of diet. Science. 201:1978;908-910.
    • (1978) Science , vol.201 , pp. 908-910
    • Walker, A.1    Hoeck, H.N.2    Perez, L.M.3
  • 72
    • 0028193590 scopus 로고
    • A model of fossil tooth and bone diagenesis: Implications for paleodiet reconstruction from stable isotopes
    • Wang Y., Cerling T.E. A model of fossil tooth and bone diagenesis: implications for paleodiet reconstruction from stable isotopes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 107:1994;281-289.
    • (1994) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.107 , pp. 281-289
    • Wang, Y.1    Cerling, T.E.2
  • 73
    • 0028195387 scopus 로고
    • Fossil horses and carbon isotopes: New evidence for Cenozoic dietary, habitat, and ecosystem changes in North America
    • Wang Y., Cerling T.E., MacFadden B.J. Fossil horses and carbon isotopes: new evidence for Cenozoic dietary, habitat, and ecosystem changes in North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 107:1994;269-279.
    • (1994) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.107 , pp. 269-279
    • Wang, Y.1    Cerling, T.E.2    MacFadden, B.J.3
  • 74
    • 0001797728 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor evolution in camels
    • Webb S.D. Locomotor evolution in camels. Forma et Functio. 5:1972;99-112.
    • (1972) Forma et Functio , vol.5 , pp. 99-112
    • Webb, S.D.1
  • 75
    • 0001273015 scopus 로고
    • A history of savanna vertebrates in the New World: Part I. North America
    • Webb S.D. A history of savanna vertebrates in the New World: Part I. North America. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 8:1977;355-380.
    • (1977) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.8 , pp. 355-380
    • Webb, S.D.1
  • 76
    • 0003160449 scopus 로고
    • The rise and fall of the late Miocene ungulate fauna in North America
    • M.H. Nitecki. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Webb S.D. The rise and fall of the late Miocene ungulate fauna in North America. Nitecki M.H. Coevolution. 1983;267-306 University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1983) Coevolution , pp. 267-306
    • Webb, S.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.