The root-specific glutamate decarboxylase (GAD1) is essential for sustaining GABA levels in Arabidopsis

Plant Molecular Biology

Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 315-325

  Bouché, Nicolas ^a,b   Fait, Aaron ^c   Zik, Moriyah ^c   Fromm, Hillel ^b,d  

^a Section de Bioenergetique   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^c WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (Israel)

^d TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

aminobtyrate; Arabidopsis; Glutamate decarboxylase; Heat stress; Roots; T DNA insertion mutant

Indexed keywords

BIOSYNTHESIS; CATALYSIS; DNA; GENES; MUTAGENESIS; PLANTS (BOTANY);

GENE EXPRESSION; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE;

ENZYMES;

BIOSYNTHESIS; CATALYSTS; ENZYMES; GENES; MUTATION; NUCLEIC ACIDS; PLANTS; ROOTS;

ARABIDOPSIS; EUKARYOTA;

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; BACTERIAL DNA; BETA GLUCURONIDASE; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; HYBRID PROTEIN; T DNA; T-DNA;

ARABIDOPSIS; ARTICLE; ENZYMOLOGY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; METABOLISM; MUTATION; NORTHERN BLOTTING; PLANT ROOT; PROMOTER REGION; TRANSGENIC PLANT; WESTERN BLOTTING;

ARABIDOPSIS; BLOTTING, NORTHERN; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; DNA, BACTERIAL; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, PLANT; GLUCURONIDASE; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEINS; MUTAGENESIS, INSERTIONAL; MUTATION; PLANT ROOTS; PLANTS, GENETICALLY MODIFIED; PROMOTER REGIONS (GENETICS); RECOMBINANT FUSION PROTEINS;

EID: 16544368713     PISSN: 01674412     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11103-004-0650-z     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Akama, K., Akihiro, T., Kitagawa, M. and Takaiwa, F. 2001. Rice (Oryza sativa) contains a novel isoform of glutamate decarboxylase that lacks an authentic calmodulin-binding domain at the C-terminus. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1522: 143-150.
2. The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative. 2000. Analysis of the genome sequence of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature 408: 796-815.
3. Arazi, T., Baum, G., Snedden, W.A., Shelp, B.J. and Fromm, H. 1995. Molecular and biochemical analysis of calmodulin interactions with the calmodulin-binding domain of plant glutamate decarboxylase. Plant Physiol. 108: 551-561.
4. Aurisano, N., Bertani, A. and Reggiani, R. 1995. Involvement of calcium and calmodulin in protein and amino-acid metabolism in rice roots under anoxia. Plant Cell Physiol. 36: 1525-1529.
5. Baum, G., Chen, Y., Arazi, T., Takatsuji, H. and Fromm, H. 1993. A plant glutamate decarboxylase containing a calmodulin binding domain. Cloning, sequence, and functional analysis. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 19610-19617.
6. Baum, G., Lev-Yadun, S., Fridmann, Y., Arazi, T., Katsnelson, H., Zik, M. and Fromm, H. 1996. Calmodulin binding to glutamate decarboxylase is required for regulation of glutamate and GABA metabolism and normal development in plants. EMBO J. 15: 2988-2996.
7. Bechtold, N., Ellis, J. and Pelletier, G. 1993. In planta Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer by infiltration of adult Arabidopsis thaliana plants. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. III 316: 1194-1199.
8. Beeckman, T. and Engler, G. 1994. An easy technique for the clearing of histochemically stained plant tissue. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 12: 37-42.
9. Bieleski, R.L. and Turner, N.A. 1966. Separation and estimation of amino acids in crude plant extracts by thin-layer electrophoresis and chromatography. Anal. Biochem. 17: 278-293.
10. Blanc, G., Barakat, A., Guyot, R., Cooke, R. and Delseny, M. 2000. Extensive duplication and reshuffling in the Arabidopsis genome. Plant Cell 12: 1093-1102.
11. Bouché, N. and Bouchez, D. 2001. Arabidopsis gene knockout: phenotypes wanted. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4: 111-117.
12. Bouché, N. and Fromm, H. 2004. GABA in plants: just a metabolite? Trends Plant Sci. 9: 110-115.
13. Bouché, N., Fait, A., Bouchez, D., Møller, S.G. and Fromm, H. 2003a. Mitochondrial succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase of the γ-aminobutyrate shunt is required to restrict levels of reactive oxygen intermediates in plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 100: 6843-6848.
14. Bouché, N., Lacombe, B. and Fromm, H. 2003b. GABA signalling: a conserved and ubiquitous mechanism. Tr. Cell Biol. 13: 607-610.
15. Bouchez, D., Camilleri, C. and Caboche, M. 1993. A binary vector based on Basta resistance for in planta transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. III 316: 1188-1193.
16. Breitkreuz, K.E., Allard, M.W., van Cauwenberghe, O.R., Jakobs, C., Talibi, D., André, B. and Shelp, B.J. 2003. A novel gamma-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase: identification and expression of an Arabidopsis cDNA and potential role under oxygen deficiency. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 41552-41556.
17. Chen, Y., Baum, G. and Fromm, H. 1994. The 58-kilodalton calmodulin-binding glutamate decarboxylase is a ubiquitous protein in petunia organs and its expression is developmentally regulated. Plant Physiol. 106: 1381-1387.
18. Chiu, W., Niwa, Y., Zeng, W., Hirano, T., Kobayashi, H. and Sheen, J. 1996. Engineered GFP as a vital reporter in plants. Curr. Biol. 6: 325-330.
19. +. Can. J. Bot. 75: 375-382.
20. Clough, S.J. and Bent, A.F. 1998. Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 16: 735-743.
21. Fiehn, O., Kopka, J., Dormann, P., Altmann, T., Trethewey, R.N. and Willmitzer, L. 2000. Metabolite profiling for plant functional genomics. Nat. Biotechnol. 18: 1157-1161.
22. Forde, B.G. 2002. Local and long-range signaling pathways regulating plant responses to nitrate. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 53: 203-224.
23. Ling, V., Snedden, W.A., Shelp, B.J. and Assmann, S.M. 1994. Analysis of a soluble calmodulin binding protein from fava bean roots: identification of glutamate decarboxylase as a calmodulin-activated enzyme. Plant Cell 6: 1135-1143.
24. Palanivelu, R., Brass, L., Edlund, A.F. and Preuss, D. 2003. Pollen tube growth and guidance is regulated by POP2, an Arabidopsis gene that controls GABA levels. Cell 114: 47-59.
25. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T. 1989. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
26. Schales, O., Mims, V. and Schales, S. 1946. Glutamic acid decarboxylase of higher plants. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 10: 455-465.
27. Schmidt, H. 1996. HPLC-determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in psychotropic medicinal plants. Chromatographie 1: 12-15.
28. Shelp, B.J., Bown, A.W. and McLean, M.D. 1999. Metabolism and functions of γ-aminobutyric acid. Trends Plant Sci. 4: 446-452.
29. Snedden, W.A. and Fromm, H. 1999. Regulation of the γ- aminobutyrate-synthesizing enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase, by calcium-calmodulin: a mechanism for rapid activation in response to stress. In: H.R. Lerner (Ed) Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses: From Phytohormones to Genome Reorganization, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York pp. 549-574.
30. Snedden, W.A. and Fromm, H. 2001. Calmodulin as a versatile calcium signal transducer in plants. New Phytol. 151: 35-66.
31. Snedden, W.A., Arazi, T., Fromm, H. and Shelp, B.J. 1995. Calcium/calmodulin activation of soybean glutamate decarboxylase. Plant Physiol. 108: 543-549.
32. Snedden, W.A., Koutsia, N., Baum, G. and Fromm, H. 1996. Activation of a recombinant petunia glutamate decarboxylase by calcium/calmodulin or by a monoclonal antibody which recognizes the calmodulin binding domain. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 4148-4153.
33. Sokal, R.R. and Rohlf, F.J. 1995. Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. WH Freeman and Company, NY.
34. Stitt, M., Muller, C., Matt, P., Gibon, Y., Carillo, P., Morcuende, R., Scheible, W.R. and Krapp, A. 2002. Steps towards an integrated view of nitrogen metabolism. J. Exp. Bot. 53: 959-970.
35. ++ tolerance. Plant J. 24: 533-542.
36. Turano, F.J. and Fang, T.K. 1998. Characterization of two glutamate decarboxylase cDNA clones from Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 117: 1411-1421.
37. Yun, S.J. and Oh, S.H. 1998. Cloning and characterization of a tobacco cDNA encoding calcium/calmodulin-dependent glutamate decarboxylase. Mol. Cells 8: 125-129.
38. Zik, M., Arazi, T., Snedden, W.A. and Fromm, H. 1998. Two isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase in Arabidopsis are regulated by calcium/calmodulin and differ in organ distribution. Plant Mol. Biol. 37: 967-975.