The Santiago landslide and associated ridge-top graben (Sackungen): Implications for paleoseismic landslide studies

Environmental and Engineering Geoscience

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 5-15

  Johnson, Philip L ^a   Cotton, William R ^a  

^a Cotton Shires and Associates ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Landslide; Paleoseismology; Rainfall; Ridge top graben; Sackungen

Indexed keywords

LANDSLIDE; PALEOSEISMICITY;

CALIFORNIA; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

EID: 16444365583     PISSN: 10787275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/11.1.5     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Agliardi F.; Crosta, G.; and Zanchi, A., 2001, Structural constraints on deep-seated slope deformation kinematics: Engineering Geology, Vol. 59, No. 1-2, pp. 83-102.
2. Barrows, A. G.; Tan, S. S.; and Irvine, P. J., 1993, Damaging landslides related to the intense rainstorms of January-February 1993, southern California: California Geology, Vol. 46, No. 5, pp. 123-131.
3. Beck, A. C., 1968, Gravity faulting as a mechanism of topographic adjustment: New Zealand Journal Geology Geophysics, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 191-199.
4. Bjorklund T.; Burke, K.; Zhou, H. W.; and Yeats, R. S., 2002, Miocene rifting in the Los Angeles basin: Evidence from the Puente Hills half-graben, volcanic rocks, and P-wave tomography: Geology, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 451-454.
5. Boore, D. M.; Joyner, W. B.; and Fumal, T. E., 1997, Equations for estimating horizontal response spectra and peak accelerations from western North American earthquakes: A summary of recent work: Seismological Research Letters, Vol. 68, No. 1, pp. 128-153.
6. Bovis, M. J., 1982, Uphill-facing (antislope) scarps in the Coast Mountains, southwest British Columbia: Geological Society America Bulletin, Vol. 93, No. 5, pp. 804-812.
7. Bovis, M. J. and Evans, S. G., 1995, Rock slope movements along the Mount Currie 'fault scarp,' southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia: Canadian Journal Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 12, pp. 2015-2020.
8. Bray, J. D. and Rathje, E. M., 1998, Earthquake-induced displacements of solid-waste landfills: Journal Geotechnical Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 124, No. 3, pp. 242-253.
9. Clague, J. J., 1979, The Denali Fault system in southwest Yukon Territory: A geologic hazard?: Geological Survey Canada Current Research, Part A, Paper 79-1A, pp, 169-178.
10. Cretelli S,; Rumelhart, P. E.; and Ingersoll, R. V., 1995, Petrofacies and provenance of the Puente Formation (middle to upper Miocene), Los Angeles Basin, southern California: Implications for rapid uplift and accumulation rates: Journal Sedimentary Research, Vol. A65, No. 4, pp. 656-667.
11. Dolan, J. F.; Christofferson, S. A.; and Shaw, J. H., 2003, Recognition of paleoearthquakes on the Puente Hills blind thrust fault, California: Science, Vol. 300, No. 5616, pp. 115-118.
12. Eberhart and Stone, Inc., 1996, Santiago Landslide, Anaheim Hills, Anaheim, California: unpublished consultant report, City of Anaheim, Office of City Attorney, W. O. 165140.69, Vol. I, June 28, 1996, 69 p.
13. Gath, E. M. and Grant, L. B., 2002, Is the Elsinore Fault responsible for the uplift of the Santa Ana Mountains, Orange County, California?: Geological Society America, Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp, A-87.
14. Gath, E. M. and Grant, L. B., 2003, Learning from Northridge: a progress report on the active faults of Orange County: Seismological Research Letters, Vol. 74, No. 2, p. 260.
15. Hart, E, W., 2001, Ridge-top depressions, landslides, and earthquakes, Cape Mendocino region, California: Geological Society America, Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. A-30.
16. Jibson, R. W., 1996, Using landslides for paleoseismic analysis. In McCalpin, J. P. (Editor), Paleoseismology: Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 397-438.
17. Jibson, R. W. and Jibson, M. W., 2002, Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method to Model Slope Performance during Earthquakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-201.
18. Kellogg, K. S., 2001a, Tectonic controls on a large landslide complex: Williams Fork Mountains near Dillon, Colorado: Geomorphology, Vol, 41, No. 4, pp. 355-368.
19. Kellogg, K. S., 2001b, Seismogenic flattening of mountains: a possible example near the big bend of the San Andreas Fault, Southern California: Geological Society America, Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. A-30.
20. McCalpin, J. P., 1999, Episodic earthquake-induced movement on the Stillwater scarp 'sackung,' central Nevada: Geological Society America, Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 31, No. 7, pp. A-474.
21. McCalpin, J. P. and Irvine, J. R., 1995, Sackungen at the Aspen Highlands ski area, Pitkin County, Colorado: Environmental Engineering Geoscience, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 277-290.
22. McCalpin, J. P. and Hart, E. W., 2001, Holocene displacement history of ridgetop depressions (sackungen) in the San Gabriel Mountains, Southern California: Geological Society America, Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. A-30.
23. McLarty, M. and Lancaster, J. M., 1999a, Evaluation and mitigation of the Santiago Landslide, Anaheim Hills, Anaheim, California, in Association of Engineering Geologists, 42nd Annual Meeting Program with Abstracts, p. 78.
24. McLarty, M. and Lancaster, J. M., 1999b, Groundwater control of stability, Anaheim Hills, Anaheim, California, in Association of Engineering Geologists, 42nd Annual Meeting Program with Abstracts, pp. 78.
25. Miller, D. M.; Yount, J. C.; And Mahan, S. A., 2001, Mid-Holocene debris flow and lake stand events at Silurian Lake, Mojave Desert, California: Geological Society America, Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. A-70.
26. Morton, D. M. and Sadler, P. M., 1989, The failings of the Pelona Schist: Landslides and sackungen in the Lone Pine Canyon and Wrightwood areas of the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California. In Morton, D. M. and Sadler, P. M. (Editors), Landslides in a Semi-arid Environment with Emphasis on the Inland Valleys of Southern California: Inland Geological Society, Riverside, CA, Publication 2, pp. 301-322.
27. Newmark, N. M., 1965, Effects of earthquakes on dams and embankments: Geotechnique, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 139-160.
28. Nolan, J. M. and Weber, G. E., 1998, Evaluation of coseismic ground cracking accompanying the earthquake: trenching studies and case histories. In Keefer, D. K. (Editor), The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989-Landslides: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1551-C, pp. 145-163.
29. Owen, L. A.; Finkel, R. C.; Minnich, R. A.; and Perez, A. E., 2003, Extreme southwestern margin of late Quaternary glaciation in North America: Timing and controls: Geology, Vol. 31, No. 8, pp. 729-732.
30. Ponti, D. J. and Wells, R. E., 1991, Off-fault ground ruptures in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California: Ridge-top spreading versus tectonic extension during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake: Bulletin Seismological Society America, Vol. 81, No. 5, pp, 1480-1510.
31. Quade, J.; Forester, R. M.; and Whelan, J.F., 2003, Late Quaternary paleohydrologic and paleotemperature change in southern Nevada. In Enzel, Y.; Wells, S.G.; and Lancaster, N. (Editors), Paleoenvironments and Paleohydrology of the Mohave and Southern Great Basin Deserts: Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, Special Publication 368, pp. 165-188.
32. Radbruch-Hall, D. H., 1978, Gravitational creep of rock masses on slopes. In Voight, B. (Editor), Rockslides and Avalanches 1, Natural Phenomena: Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 607-657.
33. Schoellhamer, J. E.; Yerkes, R. F.; Kinney, D. M.; and Vedder, J. G., 1954, Geologic Map of the Northern Santa Ana Mountains, Orange and Riverside Counties: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Oil and Gas Investigations Map OM-154.
34. Schoellhamer, J. E.; Vedder, J. G.; Yerkes, R. F.; and Kinney, D. M., 1981, Geology of the Northern Santa Ana Mountains: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 420D, 107 p.
35. Shaw, J. H.; Plesch, A.; Dolan, J. F.; Pratt, T, L.; and Fiore, P., 2002, Puente Hills blind thrust system, Los Angeles, California: Bulletin Seismological Society America, Vol. 92, No. 8, pp. 2946-2960.
36. Slosson, J. E. and Larson, R. A., 1995, Slope failures in southern California: rainfall threshold, prediction, and human causes: Environmental Engineering Geoscience, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 393-401.
37. Smith, L. N., 2001, Columbia Mountain landslide: Late glacial emplacement and indications of future failure, northwestern Montana, USA: Geomorphology, Vol. 41, pp. 309-322.
38. Stout, M. L., 1977, Radiocarbon dating of landslides in southern California: California Geology, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 99-105.
39. Tabor, R. W., 1971, Origin of ridge-top depressions by large-scale creep in Olympic Mountains, Washington: Geological Society America Bulletin Vol. Vol. 82,, pp. 1811-1822.
40. Thompson, S. C., 1997, Probable gravitational (nontectonic) origin for two conspicuous ridge-top scarps in southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia: EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Vol. 78, No. 17, suppl., pp. S316-S317.
41. Treiman, J. and Lundberg M. (compilers), 2003, Elsinore fault zone, Glen Ivy section, in Quaternary Fault and Fold Database of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-417.
42. Varnes, D. J.; Radbruch-Hall, D. H.; and Savage, W. Z., 1989, Topographic and Structural Conditions in Areas of Gravitational Spreading of Ridges in the Western United States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1496, 28 p.
43. Wallace, R. E., 1984, Fault Scarps Formed During the Earthquakes of October 2, 1915, in Pleasant Valley, Nevada, and Some Tectonic Implications: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1274-A, 33 p.
44. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 1995, Seismic hazards in southern California-probable earthquakes, 1994 to 2024: Bulletin Seismological Society America, Vol. 85, No. 2, pp. 379-439.