The forces applied by female and male chiropractors during thoracic spinal manipulation

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 49-56

  Forand, D ^a   Drover, J ^b   Suleman, Z ^c   Symons, B ^c   Herzog, Walter ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

^b CANADIAN MEMORIAL CHIROPRACTIC COLLEGE   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chiropractic Manipulation; Thoracic Spine; Treatment Forces

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MALE; MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE; MEASUREMENT; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; MUSCLE FORCE; NORMAL HUMAN; SEX DIFFERENCE; TECHNIQUE; THORACIC SPINE; VERTEBRA;

EID: 1642575297     PISSN: 01614754     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2003.11.006     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Kirstukas S.J., Backman J.A. Physician-applied contact pressure and table force response during unilateral thoracic manipulation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 22:1999;269-279.
2. Conway P.J., Herzog W., Hasler E.M., Ladly K. Forces required to cause noise during spinal manipulation of the thoracic spine. Clin Biomech. 18:1993;4-9.
3. Herzog W., Symons B. The biomechanics of spinal manipulation. Phys Rehabil Med. 13:2001;191-216.
4. Hessel B.W., Herzog W., Conway P.J., McEwan M.C. Experimental measurement of the force exerted during spinal manipulation using the Thompson technique. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 8:1990;448-553.
5. Herzog W. Mechanical, physiologic, and neuromuscular considerations of chiropractic treatments. Lawrence D.J. Advances in chiropractic. 1996;269-285 Mosby Year Book, Inc. Chicago.
6. Triano J.J., Schultz A.B. Loads transmitted during lumbosacral spinal manipulative therapy. Spine. 22:1997;1955-1964.
7. Herzog W., Conway P., Kawchuk G., Conway P., Zhang Y.-T., Hasler E.M. Forces exerted during spinal manipulative therapy. Spine. 18:1993;1206-1212.
8. Adams A.A., Wood J. Forces used in selected chiropractic adjustments of the low back a preliminary study . Palmer College of Chiropractic Res Forum. 1:1984;5-9.
9. Manga P, Angus D. Enhanced chiropractic coverage under OHIP as a means of reducing health care costs, attaining better health outcomes and achieving equitable access to health services [Report]. Ontario Chiropractic Association; 1998.
10. Fuhr A.W., Smith D.B. Accuracy of piezoelectric accelerometers measuring displacement of a spinal adjusting instrument. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 9:1986;15-21.
11. Smith D.B., Fuhr A.W., Davis B.P. Skin accelerometer displacement and relative bone movement of adjacent veterbrae in response to chiropractic percussion thrusts. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 12:1989;26-37.
12. Gal J.M., Herzog W., Kawchuk G.N., Conway P.J., Zhang Y.T. Biomechanical studies of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) quantifying the movements of vertebral bodies during SMT . J Can Chiropr Assoc. 38:1994;11-24.
13. Gal J.M., Herzog W., Kawchuk G.N., Conway P.J., Zhang Y.T. Forces and relative vertebral movements during SMT to unembalmed post-rigor human cadavers peculiarities associated with joint noise . J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 18:1995;11-24.
14. Brodeur R. The audible release associated with joint manipulation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 18:1995;155-164.
15. Sandoz R. The significance of the manipulation crack and of other particular noises. Ann Swiss Chiropr Assoc. 4:1969;47.
16. Meal G.M., Scott R.A. Analysis of the joint crack by simultaneous recording of sound and tension. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 9:1986;189-195.
17. Mierau D., Cassisdy J.D., Bowen V., Dupuis P., Noftall F. Manipulation and mobilization of the third metacarpophalangeal joint. Man Med. 3:1988;135-140.
18. Triano J.J., Schultz A.B. Cervical spine manipulation applied loads, motions and myoelectric responses . Proc Am Soc Biomech. 14:1990;187-188.
19. Wyke B. Articular neurology and manipulative therapy. 1985;72-77 Churchill Livingstone, New York.
20. Suter E., Herzog W., Conway P.J., Zhang Y. Reflex response associated with manipulative treatment of the thoracic spine. J Neuromusculoskelet Syst. 2:1994;124-130.
21. Herzog W., Scheele D., Conway P. Electromyographic responses of back and limb muscles associated with spinal manipulative therapy. Spine. 24:1999;146-153.
22. Dishman J.D., Bulbulian R. Spinal reflex attenuation associated with spinal manipulation. Spine. 25:2000;2519-2525.
23. Herzog W. Clinical biomechanics of spinal manipulation. 2000;191-207 Churchill Livingstone, New York.
24. Floman Y., Liram N., Gilai A.N. Spinal manipulation results in immediate H-reflex changes in patients with unilateral disc herniation. Eur Spine J. 6:1995;398-401.
25. max ratio as an outcome measure for acute low back pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 16:1993;7-12.
26. Humphreys C.R., Triano J.J., Branbl M.J. Sensitivity study of H-reflex alterations in idiopathic low back pain patients vs a healthy population. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 12:1989;71-78.
27. Murphy B.A., Dawson N.J., Slack J.R. Sacroiliac joint manipulation decreases the H-reflex. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 35:1995;87-94.
28. Triano JJ, Brennan P, McGregor M. A study of threshold response to thoracic manipulation. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Spinal Manipulation; 1991 April 12-13; Arlington (VA): FCER; 1991. p. 3, 150-2.