GRAPE-SPH chemodynamical simulation of elliptical galaxies -I. Evolution of metallicity gradients

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Volumn 347, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 740-758

  Kobayashi, Chiaki ^a  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR ASTROPHYSIK   (Germany)

Author keywords

Galaxies: abundances; Galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; Galaxies: evolution; Galaxies: formation; Methods: N body simulations

Indexed keywords

ASTROPHYSICS; COOLING SYSTEMS; MERGING; METALS; SUPERNOVAE;

COLD DARK MATTERS; ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES; GALAXIES ABUNDANCES; GALAXIES: ELLIPTICAL AND LENTICULAR CD; GALAXY EVOLUTION; GALAXY FORMATIONS; METALLICITIES; METHODS:N-BODY SIMULATIONS; MONOLITHICS; STARS FORMATION;

GALAXIES;

EID: 1642518363     PISSN: 00358711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07258.x     Document Type: Article

References (123)

1. Abbott D.C., 1982, ApJ, 263, 723
2. Arimoto N., Yoshii Y., 1987, A&A, 173, 23
3. Bacon R. et al., 2001, MNRAS, 326, 23
4. Balsara D.S., 1995, J. Chem. Phys., 121, 357
5. Bargar A.J., Cowie L.L., Trentham N., Fulton E., Hu E.M., Songaila A., Hall D., 1999, AJ, 117, 102
6. Barnes J.E., 1988, ApJ, 331, 699
7. Barnes J.E., 1996, in Bender R., Davies R.L., eds, IAU Symp. 171, New Light on Galaxy Evolution. Kluwer, Dordrecht, p. 191
8. Baugh C.M., Cole S., Frenk C.S., 1996, MNRAS, 283, 1361
9. Bender R., Surma P., 1992, A&A, 258, 250
10. Benson A.J., Ellis R.S., Menanteau F., 2002, MNRAS, 336, 564
11. Benz W., Bowers R., Cameron A., Press W., 1990, ApJ, 348, 647
12. Bertschinger E., 1987, ApJ, 323, L103
13. Bertschinger E., 1995, http://arcturus.mit.edu/cosmics/
14. Blinnikov S., Lundqvist P., Bartunov O., Nomoto K., Iwamoto K., 2000, ApJ, 532, 1132
15. Bower R.G., Lucey J.R., Ellis R.S., 1992, MNRAS, 254, 601
16. Brinchmann J., Ellis R.S., 2000, ApJ, 536, L77
17. Carlberg R.G., 1984, ApJ, 286, 403
18. Carollo C.M., Danziger I.J., Buson L., 1993, MNRAS, 265, 553
19. Carraro G., Lia C., Chiosi C., 1998, MNRAS, 297, 1021
20. Cimatti A. et al., 2002, A&A, 391, L1
21. Ciotti L., D'Eecole A., Pellegrini S., Renzini A., 1991, ApJ, 376, 380
22. Cole S., Aragón-Salamanca A., Frenk C.S., Navarro J.F., Zepf S.E., 1994, MNRAS, 271, 781
23. Cole S., Lacey C.G., Baugh C.M., Frenk C.S., 2000, MNRAS, 319, 168
24. Daddi E., Cimatti A., Renzini A., 2000, A&A, 362, L45
25. David L.P., Forman W., Jones C., 1990, ApJ, 459, 29
26. Davies R.L., Burstein D., Dressler A., Faber S.M., Lynden-Bell D., Terlevich R.J., Wegner G., 1987, ApJS, 64, 581
27. Davies R.L., Sadler E.M., Peletier R.F., 1993, MNRAS, 262, 650
28. de Vaucouleurs G., 1961, ApJS, 5, 233
29. Dickinson M., 1996, in Buzzoni A., Renzini A., Serrano A., eds, ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 86, Fresh Views of Elliptical Galaxies. Astron. Soc. Pac., San Francisco, 283
30. Dickinson M., Papovich C., Ferguson H.C., Budavári T., 2003, ApJ, 587, 25
31. Djorgovski S., Davis M., 1987, ApJ, 313, 59
32. Dressler A., 1980, ApJ, 236, 351
33. Dressler A., Lynden-Bell D., Burstein D., Davies R.L., Faber S.M., Terlevich R.J., Wegner G., 1987, ApJ, 313, 42
34. Dressler A. et al., 1997, ApJ, 490, 577
35. Drory N., Bender R., Snigula J., Feulner G., Hopp U., maraston C., Hill G.J., Menndes de Oliveira C., 2001, ApJ, 562, L111
36. Efstathiou G., Davis M., Frenk C.S., White S.D.M., 1985, ApJS, 57, 241
37. Evrard A.E., 1988, MNRAS, 235, 911
38. Faber S.M., 1973, ApJ, 179, 731
39. Faber S.M., 1977, in Tinsley B.T., Larson R.B., eds, The Evolution of Galaxies and Stellar Populations. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, p. 157
40. Fontana A., Menci N., D'Odorico S., Giallongo E., Poli F., Cristiani S., Moorwood A., Saracco P., 1999, MNRAS, 310, L27
41. Franceschini A., Suva L., Fasano G., Granato G.L., Bressan A., Arnouts S., Danese L., 1998, ApJ, 506, 600
42. Gingold R.A., Monaghan J.J., 1977, MNRAS, 181, 375
43. González J.J., Gorgas J., 1996, in Buzzoni A., Renzini A., Serrano A., eds, ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 86, Fresh Views of Elliptical Galaxies. Astron. Soc. Pac., San Francisco, 225
44. Gorgas J., Efstathiou G., Aragón-Salamanca A., 1990, MNRAS, 245, 217
45. Gott J.R., 1973, ApJ, 186, 481
46. Gott J.R., 1975, ApJ, 201, 296
47. Greggio L., Renzini A., 1983, A&A, 118, 217
48. Habe A., Ohta K., 1992, PASJ, 44, 203
49. Hernquist L., Katz N., 1989, ApJS, 70, 419
50. Im M. et al., 2002, ApJ, 571, 136
51. Katz N., 1992, ApJ, 391, 502
52. Katz N., Weinberg D.H., Hemquist L., 1996, ApJS, 105, 19
53. Kauffmann G., 1996, MNRAS, 281, 487
54. Kauffmann G., Charlot S., 1998, MNRAS, 294, 705
55. Kauffmann G., White S.D.M., Guiderdoni B., 1993, MNRAS, 264, 201
56. Kawata D., Gibson B.K., 2003, MNRAS, 340, 908
57. Kelson D.D., van Dokkum P.G., Franx M., Illingworth G.D., Fabricant D., 1997, ApJ, 478, L13
58. Kennicutt R.C., Jr, 1983, ApJ, 272, 54
59. Kennicutt R.C., Jr, 1989, ApJ, 344, 685
60. Kobayashi C., 2002, PhD thesis, Univ. Tokyo
61. Kobayashi C., Arimoto N., 1999, ApJ, 527, 573
62. Kobayashi C., Tsujimoto T., Nomoto K., Hachisu I., Kato M., 1998, ApJ, 503, L155
63. Kobayashi C., Tsujimoto T., Nomoto K., 2000, ApJ, 539, 26
64. Kodama T., 1997, PhD thesis. Univ. Tokyo
65. Kodama T., Arimoto N., 1997, A&A, 320, 41
66. Kodama T., Arimoto N., Barger A.J., Aragón-Salamanca A., 1998, A&A, 334, 99
67. Larson R.B., 1974a, MNRAS, 166, 585
68. Larson R.B., 1974b, MNRAS, 169, 229
69. Larson R.B., 1975, MNRAS, 173, 671
70. Lattanzio C., Monaghan J., Pongracic H., Schwarz P., 1985, MNRAS, 215, 125
71. Leitherer C., Robert C., Drissen L., 1992, ApJ, 401, 596
72. Low C., Lynden-Bell D., 1976, MNRAS, 176, 367
73. Lucy L., 1977, AJ, 82, 1013
74. Lynden-Bell D., 1967, MNRAS, 136, 101
75. Marchant A.B., Shapiro S.L., 1977, ApJ, 215, 1
76. Matteucci F., 1996, Fundam. Cosmic Phys., 17, 283
77. Menanteau F., Ellis R.S., Abraham R.G., Barger A.J., Cowie L.L., 1999, MNRAS, 309, 208
78. Monaghan J.J., 1992, ARA&A, 30, 534
79. Monaghan J.J., Gingold R.A., 1983, J. Comput. Phys., 52, 374
80. Monaghan J.J., Lattanzio C., 1985, A&A, 149, 135
81. Mosconi M.B., Tissera P.B., Lambas D.G., Cora S.A., 2001, MNRAS, 325, 34
82. Nakasato N., 2000, PhD thesis, Univ. Tokyo
83. Nakasato N., Nomoto K., 2003, ApJ, 588, 842
84. Navarro J.F., Steinmetz M., 1997, ApJ, 478, 13
85. Navarro J.F., Steinmetz M., 2000, ApJ, 538, 477
86. Navarro J.F., White S.D.M., 1993, MNRAS, 265, 271
87. Navarro J.F., White S.D.M., 1994, MNRAS, 267, 401
88. Nomoto K., Thielemann F.-K, Yokoi K., 1984, ApJ, 286, 644
89. Nomoto K., Hashimoto M. Tsujimoto T. Thielemann F.-K., Kishimoto N., Kubo Y., Nakasato N., 1997a, Nucl. Phys., A, 616, 79c
90. Nomoto K., Iwamoto K., Nakasato N., Thielemann F.-K, Brachwitz F., Tsujimoto T., Kubo Y., Kishimoto N., 1997b, Nucl. Phys., A, 621, 467c
91. Raiteri C.M., Villata M., Navarro J.F., A&A, 315, 105
92. Renzini A., 2002, in Fusco-Femiano R., Matteucci F., eds, ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 253, Chemical Enrichment of Intracluster and Intergalactic Medium. Astron. Soc. Pac., San Francisco, p. 331
93. Salpeter E.E., 1955, ApJ, 121, 161
94. Schade D., Barrientos L.F., Lopez-Cruz O., 1997, ApJ, 477, L17
95. Schade D. et al., 1999, ApJ, 525, 31
96. Schmidt M., 1959, ApJ, 129, 243
97. Schweizer F., Seitzer P., 1992, AJ, 104, 1039
98. Schweizer F., Seitzer P., Faber S.M., Burstein D., Ore C.M.D., Gonzalez J.J., 1990, ApJ, 364, L33
99. Silk J., 1977, ApJ, 214, 718
100. Silva D.R., Bothun G.D., 1998, AJ, 116, 85
101. Springel V., Hernquist L., 2003, MNRAS, 339, 289
102. Stanford S.A., Eisenhardt P.R.M., Dickinson M., 1998, ApJ, 492, 461
103. Steinmetz M., 1996, MNRAS, 278, 1005
104. Steinmetz M., Müller E., 1994, A&A, 281, L97
105. Steinmetz M., Navarro J.F., 2002, New Astron., 7, 155
106. Steinmetz M., White S.D.M., 1997, MNRAS, 288, 545
107. Sugimoto D., Chikada Y., Makino J., Ito T., Ebisuzaki T., Umemura M., 1990, Nat, 345, 33
108. Sutherland R.S., Dopita M.A., 1993, ApJS, 88, 235
109. Thomas P.A., Couchman H.M.P., 1992, MNRAS, 257, 11
110. Tinsley B.M., 1980, Fundamentals of Cosmic Phisics Vol. 5, p. 287
111. Toomre A., 1977, in Tinsley B.M., Larson R.B., eds, The Evolution of Galaxies and Stellar Populations. New Haven, Yale Univ. Observatory, p. 401
112. Toomre A., Tommre J., 1972, ApJ, 178, 623
113. Tripicco M.J., Bell R.A., 1995, AJ, 110, 3035
114. Umemura M., Fukushige T., Makino J., Ebisuzaki T., Sugimoto D., Turner E., Loeb A., 1993, PASJ, 45, 311
115. van Albada T.S., 1982, MNRAS, 201, 939
116. van Dokkum P.G., Franx M., 1996, MNRAS, 281, 985
117. van Dokkum P.G., Franx M., 2001, ApJ, 553, 90
118. Warren M.S., Quinn P.J., Salmon J.K., Zurek W.H., 1992, ApJ, 399, 405
119. White S.D.M., 1978, MNRAS, 184, 185
120. White S.D.M., 1980, MNRAS, 191, 1P
121. Woosley S.E., Weaver T.A., 1995, ApJS, 101, 181
122. Zel'dovich Ya. B., 1970, A&A, 5, 84
123. Zepf S.E., 1997, Nat, 390, 377