The migration of doctors and nurses from South Pacific Island Nations

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 58, Issue 11, 2004, Pages 2193-2210

  Brown, Richard P C ^a   Connell, John ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Doctors; Migration; Nurses; Pacific islands; Return migration; Skill drain

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DRAIN; HEALTH WORKER; INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION; MIGRATION DETERMINANT; RETURN MIGRATION;

COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; DEVELOPED COUNTRY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; FIJI; HEALTH PRACTITIONER; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INCOME; INVESTMENT; MEDICAL PRACTICE; MIGRANT WORKER; NURSE; PACIFIC ISLANDS; PHYSICIAN; POPULATION MIGRATION; REVIEW; SAMOA; TONGA; WORK ENVIRONMENT;

FIJI; MELANESIA; PACIFIC ISLANDS; PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC RIM; POLYNESIA; SAMOA; TONGA;

EID: 1642504228     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.08.020     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Ahlburg A., Brown R.P.C. Migrants' intentions to return home and capital transfers. A study of Tongans and Western Samoans in Australia Journal of Development Studies. 35(2):1998;125-151.
2. Ahlburg D.A. Return migration from the United States to American Samoa. Evidence from the 1980 and 1990 Censuses Pacific Studies. 17(2):1994;71-84.
3. Ahlburg, D. A., & Levin, M. J. (1990). The northeast passage: A study of Pacific Islander migration to American Samoa and the United States. Pacific Research Monograph, No. 23, Canberra: National Centre for Development Studies, Australian National University.
4. Baer L., Gesler W., Konrad T. The wineglass model. Tracking the locational histories of health professionals Social Science & Medicine. 50(3):2000;317-329.
5. Ball R. Nation building. The globalization of nursing - the case of the Philippines Pilipinas. 27:1996;67-92.
6. Borjas G.J., Bratsberg B. Who leaves? The outmigration of the foreign-born. Review of Economics and Statistics. 78(1):1996;165-176.
7. Brown R.P.C. Estimating remittance functions for South Pacific Island migrants. World Development. 25(4):1997;613-626.
8. Brown R.P.C., Connell J. The global flea-market. Migration, remittances and the informal economy in Tonga Development and Change. 24(4):1993;611-647.
9. Brown, R. P. C., & Connell, J. (2003). Tongan and Samoan nurses: The costs and benefits of skilled migration. Unpublished Mimeo, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney.
10. Buchan J., O'May F. Globalisation and healthcare labour markets. A case study from the United Kingdom Human Resources for Health Development Journal. 3(1):1999;6-14.
11. Cobb-Clark D., Connolly M. A worldwide market for skilled migrants. Can Australia compete? International Migration Review. 31(3):1997;670-693.
12. Commonwealth Secretariat (1997). A future for small states: Overcoming vulnerability. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
13. Connell J. Urbanisation and labour mobility in the South Pacific. Bedford R.D. Essays in urbanisation in South East Asia and the Pacific. 1984;175-196 Department of Geography University of Canterbury, Christchurch.
14. Connell J. Island microstates. The mirage of development The Contemporary Pacific. 3(2):1991;251-287.
15. Connell, J. (2001). The migration of skilled health personnel in the Pacific region. Mimeo, Western Pacific Office, WHO, Manila.
16. Connell J. Paradise left? Pacific Island voyagers in the modern world. Spickard P., Rondilla J., Wright D. Pacific diaspora. 2002;69-86 University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
17. Connell J., Brown R.P.C. Migration and remittances in the South Pacific. Towards new perspectives Asian and Pacific Migration Journal. 4(1):1995;1-34.
18. Connell J., Conway D. Migration and remittances in Island Microstates. A comparative perspective on the South Pacific and the Caribbean International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 24(1):2000;52-78.
19. Findlay A., Li F., Jowett A., Brown M., Skeldon R. Doctors diagnose their destination. An analysis of the length of employment abroad for Hong Kong doctors Environment and Planning A. 26(10):1994;1605-1624.
20. Findlay, A., & Stewart, E. (2002). Skilled labour migration from developing countries. International Migration Papers No. 55, Geneva: International Labour Office.
21. Gaidzanwa, R. (1999). Voting with their feet: Migrant Zimbabwean nurses and doctors in the era of structural adjustment, Research Report, No. 111. Nordiska Africainstitutet, Uppsala.
22. Galor O., Stark O. Migrants' savings, the probability of return migration and migrants' performance. International Economic Review. 31(2):1990;463-467.
23. Gish O., Godfrey M. A reappraisal of the 'brain drain' with special reference to the medical profession. Social Science & Medicine. 13(1):1979;1-11.
24. Hardill I., MacDonald S. Skilled international migration. The experience of nurses in the United Kingdom Regional Studies. 34(7):2000;681-692.
25. Harris J., Todaro M. Migration, unemployment and development. A two-sector analysis American Economic Review. 60(1):1970;126-142.
26. Harrison M.E. Female physicians in Mexico. Migration and mobility in the lifecourse Social Science & Medicine. 47(4):1998;455-468.
27. Hayes, G. (1985). International migration in the Pacific Islands: A brief history and review of recent patterns. International migration in the Pacific, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Asian Population Studies Series No. 64, Bangkok: ESCAP.
28. Ishi T. Class conflict, the State and linkage. The international migration of nurses from the Philippines Berkeley Journal of Sociology. 32:1987;281-312.
29. Joyce R.E., Hunt C.L. Philippine nurses and the brain drain. Social Science & Medicine. 16(2):1982;1223-1233.
30. Lee H.M. Tongans overseas. Between two shores. 2003;University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
31. Lewis N.D. More than health services. Health for Pacific peoples Regional Development Dialogue. 11(4):1990;76-96.
32. Liki A. Moving and rootedness. The paradox of the brain drain among Samoan professionals Asia-Pacific Population Journal. 16(1):2001;67-84.
33. Macpherson C. Public and private views of home. Will Western Samoan migrants return? Pacific Viewpoint. 26(2):1985;242-262.
34. Macpherson C. Changing patterns of commitment to Island Homelands. A case study of Western Samoa Pacific Studies. 17(3):1994;83-116.
35. Macpherson C. The impact of economic incorporation on the structure of Kinship in Pacific Societies. Pacific Studies. 22(2):1999;71-95.
36. Marcus G.E. Power on the extreme periphery. The perspective of Tongan elites in the modern world system Pacific Viewpoint. 22(1):1981;48-64.
37. Maron, N. (2001). Return to Nukunuku. Identity, culture and return migration to Tonga. Unpublished B.A. Honours Thesis, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney.
38. McKendry R., Wells G., Dale P., Adam O., Buske L., Strachan J., Flor L. Factors influencing the emigration of physicians from Canada to the United States. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 154(2):1996;171-181.
39. Mejia A., Pizurki H., Royston E. Physician migration and nurse migration. Analysis and policy implications. 1979;WHO, Geneva.
40. Merkle L., Zimmermann K.F. Savings, remittances, and return migration. Economics Letters. 38(1):1992;77-81.
41. Miller E.A., Laugesen M., Lee S.D., Mick S.S. Emigration of New Zealand and Australian physicians to the United States and the international flow of medical personnel. Social Science & Medicine. 43(3):1998;253-270.
42. Mitchell R. Fiji's health system since the coup. Prasad S. Coup and crisis: Fiji - a year later. 1988;75-78 Arena, Melbourne.
43. Naidu, L. K. (1997). Contemporary professional emigration from Fiji. Unpublished M.A. Thesis, University of the South Pacific, Suva.
44. Nowak M.J., Preston A.C. Can human capital theory explain why nurses are so poorly paid? Australian Economic Papers. 40(2):2001;232-245.
45. Raghuram P., Kofman E. The state, skilled labour markets, and immigration. The case of doctors in England Environment and Planning A. 34:2002;2071-2089.
46. Rotem, A., & Bailey, M. (1999). Health personnel migration within Commonwealth countries in the Pacific region. Mimeo, University of New South Wales, Sydney.
47. Taylor R. Problems of health administration in small States. Observations from the Pacific Ghai Y. Public administration and management in small States. Pacific experiences. 1990;60-114 Commonwealth Secretariat and USP, Suva.
48. Thomas-Hope, E. (2002). Skilled labour migration from developing countries: Study on the Caribbean region. International Migration Papers No. 50, International Labour Office, Geneva.
49. Walt G., Antonius R., Dokoui S., Gray H., Haqq E., Hadley M., Lalta S., Roberts R. The historical development of human resources policies in the health sector of four Caribbean territories. Imitated or created? Health Policy. 62(1):2002;85-101.
50. Workman R., O'Meara C., Craig J., Nagel J., Robbins E., Ballendorf D. Island voyagers in new quests. 1981;Micronesian Area Research Center, University of Guam.
51. World Bank (1994). Health priorities in the World Bank's Pacific member countries. Washington, DC: World Bank.
52. World Bank (2002). World development indicators 2002. Washington, DC: World Bank.