Turning Points in Adults' Lives: The Effects of Gender and the Amount of Choice

Journal of Adult Development

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 203-215

  Rönkä, Anna ^a   Oravala, Sanna ^a   Pulkkinen, Lea ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ   (Finland)

Author keywords

Choice; Continuity and change; Gender differences; Turning point

Indexed keywords

EID: 1642460007     PISSN: 10680667     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1023418414709     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Baltes, P. B. (1987). Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline. Developmental Psychology, 23, 611-626.
2. Baltes, P. B. (1997). On the incomplete architecture of human ontogeny. American Psychologist, 52, 366-380.
3. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy. The exercise of control. New York: Freeman
4. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
5. Block, J. H. (1983). Differential premises arising from differential socialization of the sexes: Some conjectures. Child Development, 54, 1335-1354.
6. Brammer, L. M. (1992). Coping with life transitions. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 15, 239-253.
7. Brandtstädter, J. (1989). Personal self-regulation of development: Cross-sequential analyses of development-related control beliefs and emotions. Developmental Psychology, 25, 96-108.
8. Buchmann, M. (1989). The script of life in modern society. Entry into adulthood in a changing world. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
9. Cabral, A. C., & Salomone, P. R. (1990). Change and careers: Normative versus contextual development. The Career Development Quarterly, 39, 5-17.
10. Caffarella, R. S., & Olson, S. K. (1993). Psychosocial development of women: A critical review of the literature. Adult Education Quarterly, 39, 5-17.
11. Caspi, A., Bem, D. J., & Elder, G. H., Jr. (1989). Continuities and consequences of interactional style across the life course. Journal of Personality, 57, 375-406.
12. Caspi, A., & Herbener, E. S. (1990). Continuity and change: Assortative marriage and the consistency of personality in adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 250-258.
13. Caspi, A., & Roberts, B. W. (1999). Personality community and change across the life course. In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality. Theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 300-326). New York: Guildford Press.
14. Clausen, J. A. (1991). Adolescent competence and the shaping of the life course. American Journal of Sociology, 96, 805-842.
15. Clausen, J. A. (1995). Gender, contexts, and turning points in adults' lives. In P. Moen, G. H. Elder Jr., & K. Luscher (Eds.), Examining lives in context: Perspectives on the ecology of human development (pp. 365-389). Washington, DC: APA.
16. Clausen, J. A. (1998). Life reviews and life stories. In J. Z. Giele & G. H. Elder Jr. (Eds.), Methods of life course research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (pp. 189-212). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
17. Clausen, J. A., & Jones, C. J. (1998). Predicting personality stability across the life span: The role of competence and work and family commitments. Journal of Adult Development, 5, 73-83.
18. Denne, J. M., & Thompson, N. L. (1991). The experience of transition to meaning and purpose in life. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 22, 109-133.
19. Dunn, T. R., & Merriam, S. B. (1995). Levinson's age thirty transition: Does it exist? Journal of Adult Development, 1, 213-224.
20. Elder, G. H., Jr. (1986). Military times and turning points in men's lives. Developmental Psychology, 22, 233-245.
21. Elder, G. H., Jr. (1998). The life course and human development. In W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol 1. Theoretical models of human development (5th ed.). New York: Wiley.
22. Elder, G. H., Jr., & Caspi, A. (1988). Human development and social change: An emerging perspective on the life course. In N. Bolger, A. Caspi, G. Downey, & M. Moorehouse (Eds.), Persons in context: Developmental processes (pp. 77-113). New York: Cambridge University Press.
23. Elnick, A. B., Margrett, J. A., Fitzgerald, J. M., & Labouvie-Vief, G. (1999). Benchmark memories in adulthood: Central domains and predictors of their frequency. Journal of Adult Development, 6, 45-59.
24. Gergen, M. M., & Gergen, K. J. (1993). Narratives of the gendered body in popular autobiography. In R. Josselson & A. Lieblich (Eds.), The narrative study of lives (pp. 191-218). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
25. Graber, J. A., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (1996). Transitions and turning points: Navigating the passage from childhood through adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 32, 768-776.
26. Grob, A. (2000). Dynamics of perceived control across adolescence and adulthood. In W. J. Perrig & A. Grob (Eds.), Control of human behavior, mental processes, and consciousness. Essays in honur of the 60th birthday of August Flammer (pp. 325-344). Mahwah, NJ Erlbaum.
27. Grob, A., Krings, F., & Bangerter, A. (2000). Biographies of people from three Swiss cohorts. Berichte und Arbeiten aus dem Institut fur Psychologie der Universität Basel nr 71.
28. Grob, A., Krings, F., & Bangerter, A. (2001). Life markers in biographical narratives of people from three cohorts: A life span perspective in its historical context. Human Development, 44(4), 171-190.
29. Hareven, T. K., & Masaoka, K. (1988). Turning points and transitions: Perceptions of the life course. Journal of Family History, 13, 271-289.
30. Havighurst, R. J. (1972). Developmental tasks and education. New York: David McKay.
31. Headey, B., & Wearing, A. (1989). Personality, life events, and subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 731-739.
32. Higgins, E. T., Loeb, I., & Ruble, D. N. (1995). The four A's of life transition effects: Attention, accessibility, adaptation, and adjustment. Social Cognition, 13, 215-242.
33. Hughes, E. T., Blazer, D. G., & George, L. K. (1988). Age differences in life events: A multivariate controlled analysis. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 27, 207-220.
34. Hurrelmann, K. (1989). Human development and health. Berlin: Springer.
35. Julkunen, R. (1999). Gender, work, welfare state. Finland in comparison. In P. Lipponen & P. Setälä (Eds.), Women in Finland (pp. 79-100). Helsinki, Finland: Otava.
36. Kittrell, D. (1998). A comparison of the evolution of men's and women's dreams in Daniel Levinson's theory of adult development. Journal of Adult Development, 5, 105-115.
37. Labouvie-Vief, G. (1998). The role of ego development in the adult self. In P. M. Westerberg, A. Blasi, & L. D. Cohn (Eds.), Personality development: Theoretical, empirical, and clinical investigations of Jane Loevinger's conception of ego development (pp. 219-235). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
38. Laub, J. H., Nagin, D. S., & Sampson, R. J. (1998). Trajectories of change in criminal offending: Good marriages and the desistance process. American Sociological Review, 63, 225-238.
39. Laub, J. H., & Sampson, R. J. (1993). Turning points in the life course: Why change matters to the study of crime. Criminology, 31, 301-332.
40. Laub, J. H., & Sampson, R. J. (1998). Integrating quantitative and qualitative data. J. Z. Giele & G. H. Elder Jr. (Eds.), Methods of life course research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (pp. 213-230). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
41. Lauer, R. H., & Lauer, J. C. (1987). Development: Men versus women. Psychological Reports, 61, 706.
42. Lehto, A.-M. (1999). Women in working life in Finland. In P. Lipponen & P. Setälä (Eds.), Women in Finland (pp. 101-128). Helsinki, Finland: Otava.
43. Levinson, D. L. (1986). A conception of adult development. American Psychologist, 41, 3-13.
44. Maughan, B., & Rutter, M. (1998). Continuities and discontinuities in antisocial behavior from childhood to adult life. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 1-47.
45. Nurmi, J. (1992). Age differences in adult life goals, concerns, and their temporal extension. A life course approach to future-oriented motivation. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 15, 487-508.
46. Oakley, A. (1987). Gender and generation: The life and times of Adam and Eve. In P. Allatt, T. Keil, A. Bryman, & B. Bytheway (Eds.), Women and the life cycle. Transitions and turning points (pp. 13-32). Basingstone: Macmillan.
47. Oravala, S. (1998). Käännekohdat elämänkulussa [Turning points in the life course]. Master's thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä.
48. Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (1991). Statistical and conceptual models of turning points in developmental processes. In D. Magnusson, L. R. Bergman, G. Rudinger, & B. Törestad (Eds.), Problems and methods in longitudinal research: Stability and change (pp. 133-165). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
49. Pulkkinen, L. (1998). Levels of longitudinal data differing in complexity and the study of continuity in personality characteristics. In R. B. Cairns, L. R. Bergman, & J. Kagan (Eds.), Methods and models for studying the individual (pp. 161-184). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
50. Rönkä, A., Kinnunen, U., & Pulkkinen, L. (2001). Continuity in problems of social functioning: A cumulative perspective. Journal of Adult Development 8(3), 161-171.
51. Rönkä, A., Oravala, S., & Pulkkinen, L. (2002). "I met this wife of mine and things got onto a better track." Turning points in risk development. Journal of Adolescence, 25, 47-63.
52. Rutter, M. (1996). Transitions and turning points in developmental psychopathology: As applied to the age span between childhood and mid-adulthood. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 19, 603-626.
53. Sampson, R. J., & Laub, J. H. (1993). Crime in the making: Pathways and turning points through life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
54. Schroots, J. J. F. (1988). On growing, formative change, and aging. In J. E. Birren & V. L. Bengtson (Eds.), Emergent theories of aging (pp. 299-329). New York: Springer.
55. Sinkkonen, M., & Pulkkinen, L. (1996). Elämänrakenne parhaassa aikuisiössä [The structure of life in settled adulthood]. Reports from the Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, No 333.
56. Stallings, M. C., Dunham, C. C., Gatz, M., Baker, L. A., & Bengtson, V. L. (1997). Relationships among life events and psychological well-being: More evidence for a two-factor theory of well-being. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 16, 104-119.
57. Starr, J. M. (1994). Peace corps service as a turning point. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 39, 137-161.
58. Steward, A. J. (1982). The course of individual adaptation to life changes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 1100-1113.
59. Stone, A. A., Helder, L., & Schneider, M. S. (1988). Coping with stressful events: Coping dimensions and issues. In L. H. Cohen (Ed.), Life events and psychological functioning. Theoretical and methodological issues (pp. 182-210). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
60. Swearingen, E. M., & Cohen, L. H. (1985). Measurement of adolescent's life events: The Junior High Life Experiences Survey. Americal Journal of Community Psychology, 13, 69-85.
61. Thurnher, M. (1983). Turning points and developmental change: Subjective and objective assessments. Americal Journal of Orthopsychiary, 53, 52-60.
62. Töres, T. (1992). Critical life changes: A review of research. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 57, 108-117.
63. Vaughan, D. (1986). Uncoupling: Turning points in intimate relationships. New York: Oxford University Press.
64. Vinokur, A., & Selzer, M. L. (1975). Desirable versus undesirable life events: Their relationship to stress and mental distress. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 329-337.
65. Wheaton, B. (1990). Life transitions, role histories, and mental health. American Sociological Review, 55, 209-223.
66. Wheaton, B., & Gotlib, I. H. (1997). Trajectories and turning points over the life course: Concepts and themes. In I. H. Gotlib & B. Wheaton (Eds.), Stress and adversity over the life course (pp. 1-25). New York: Cambridge University Press.
67. Whitbourne, S. K. (1986). Openness to experience, identity flexibility, and life change in adults. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 163-168.