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Volumn 303, Issue 5666, 2004, Pages 2040-2042

Uniform Inhibition of Dopamine Neurons in the Ventral Tegmental Area by Aversive Stimuli

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANESTHESIOLOGY; BIODIVERSITY;

EID: 1642404961     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1093360     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (640)

References (29)
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    • note
    • Properties used to identify dopamine neurons include a broad triphasic extracellular action potential of a width greater than 2 ms and a relatively slow firing rate (<10 Hz).
  • 13
    • 1642413927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
  • 14
    • 1642350677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • It is difficult to classify stimuli as aversive in the anesthetized preparation, because no behavioral measurements can be made. However, the foot pinch that we used would be aversive in the unanesthetized state, and because the responses of dopamine neurons to aversive stimuli are not strongly dependent on anesthesia, we believe that such a classification in this case is valid.
  • 23
    • 0025067455 scopus 로고
    • P. Palij et al., Brain Res. 509, 172 (1990).
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.509 , pp. 172
    • Palij, P.1
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    • 0037400137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. Fa et al., Synapse 48, 1 (2003).
    • (2003) Synapse , vol.48 , pp. 1
    • Fa, M.1
  • 29
    • 1642373582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank J. Boyes, T. Klausberger, and J. Tepper for comments on this manuscript; M. Melis, B. Schilstrom, and E. Abercrombie for helpful discussions; and A. Baude, P. Cobden, L. Norman, C. Francis, and B. Micklem for technical assistance. Supported by the Medical Research Council of the UK (J.P.B) and the E. P. Abraham Fund (A. D. Smith). P.J.M. holds a Fellowship by Examination at Magdalen College, Oxford.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.