Does Maternal Warmth Moderate the Effects of Birth Weight on Twins' Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms and Low IQ?

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

Volumn 72, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 218-226

  Tully, Lucy A ^a   Arseneault, Louise ^a   Caspi, Avshalom ^a,b   Moffitt, Terrie E ^a,b,c   Morgan, Julia ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^c MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EMOTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; INTELLIGENCE TEST; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MATERNAL BEHAVIOR; MOTHER CHILD RELATION; PREDICTION; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SYMPTOM; TEACHER; TWINS;

ADULT; AFFECT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD; COGNITION DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONS; MOTHERS; QUESTIONNAIRES; TWINS;

EID: 1642376971     PISSN: 0022006X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-006X.72.2.218     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Anderson, C. A., Hinshaw, S. P., & Simmel, C. (1994). Mother-child interactions in ADHD and comparison boys: Relationships with overt and covert externalizing behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 247-265.
3. Asarnow, J. R., Tompson, M., Hamilton, E. B., & Goldstein, M. J. (1994). Family expressed emotion, childhood onset depression and childhood onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Is expressed emotion a nonspecific correlate of child psychopathology or a specific risk factor for depression? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 129-146.
4. Bates, J. E., Bayles, K. Bennet, D. S., Ridge, B., & Brown, M. M. (1991). Origins of externalizing behavior problems at eight years of age. In D. J. Pepler & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 93-120). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
5. Belsky, J. (1984). The determinants of parenting: A process model. Child Development, 55, 83-96.
6. Belsky, J. (2002). Personality and parenting. In M. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting (2nd ed., Vol. 3, pp. 415-438). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
7. Bennett, N., Jarvis, L., Rowlands, O., Singleton, N., & Haselden, L. (1996). Living in Britain: Results from the General Household Survey. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
8. Botting, N., Powls, A., Cooke, R. W. I., & Marlow, N. (1997). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and other psychiatric outcomes in very low birthweight children at 12 years. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 38, 931-941.
9. Bradley, R. H., Whiteside, L., Mundfrom, D. J., Casey, P. H., Kelleher, K. J., & Pope, S. K. (1994a). Contribution of early intervention and early caregiving experiences to resilience in low birthweight, premature children living in poverty. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 23, 425-434.
10. Bradley, R. H., Whiteside, L., Mundfrom, D. J., Casey, P. H., Kelleher, K. J., & Pope, S. K. (1994b). Early indications of resilience and their relation to experiences in the home environments of low birthweight, premature children living in poverty. Child Development. 65, 346-360.
11. Breslau, N. (1995). Psychiatric sequelae of low birth weight. Epidemiologic Reviews, 17, 96-106.
12. Breslau, N., Brown, G. G., DelDotto, J. E., Kumar, S., Ezhutachan, S., Andreski, P., et al. (1996). Psychiatric sequelae of low birth weight at six years of age. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 385-400.
13. Breslau, N., DelDotto, J. E., Brown, G. G., Kumar, S. S., Ezhuthachan. S., Hufnagle, K. G., et al. (1994). A gradient relationship between low birth weight and IQ at 6 years. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 148, 377-383.
14. Breslau, N., Klein, N., & Allen, L. (1988). Very low birthweight: Behavioral sequelae at nine years of age. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 605-612.
15. Brooks-Gunn, J., Klabanov, P. K., Liaw, F., & Spiker, D. (1992). Enhancing the development of low-birthweight premature infants: Changes in cognition and behavior over the first three years. Child Development, 64, 736-753.
16. Brooten, D., Kumar, S., Brown, L. P., Butts, P., Finkler, S. A., Bakewell-Sachs, S., et al. (1986). A randomized clinical trial of early hospital discharge and home follow-up of very-low-birth-weight infants. New England Journal of Medicine, 315, 934-939.
17. Butzlaff, R. L., & Hooley, J. M. (1998). Expressed emotion and psychiatric relapse. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 547-552.
18. Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Morgan, J., Rutter, M., Taylor, A., Arseneault, L., et al. (in press). Maternal expressed emotion predicts children's antisocial behavior: Using mz-twin differences to identify environmental effects on behavioral development. Developmental Psychology.
19. Chen, X., Liu, M., & Li, D. (2000). Parental warmth, control, and indulgence and their relations to adjustment in Chinese children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Psychology, 14, 401-419.
20. Cincotta, R. B., Gray, P. H., Phythian, G., Rogers, Y. M., & Chan, F. Y. (2000). Long term outcome of twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Archives of Diseases in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 83, 171-176.
21. Dudley, M., Gyler, L., Blinkhorm, S., & Barnett, B. (1993). Psychosocial interventions for very low birthweight infants: Their scope and efficacy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 27, 74-84.
22. Gardner, M. O., Goldberg, R. L., Cliver, S. P., Tucker, J. M., Nelson, K. G., & Copper, R. L. (1995). The origin and outcome of preterm twin pregnancies. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 85, 553-557.
23. Garmezy, N., & Rutter, M. (1985). Acute reactions to stress. In M. Rutter & L. Hersov (Eds.), Child and adolescent psychiatry: Modern approaches (2nd ed., pp. 152-176). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
24. Gould, W., & Sribney, W. (1999). Maximum likelihood estimation with STATA. College Station, TX: Stata Press.
25. Hack, M., Breslau, N., Aram, D., Weissman, B., Klein, N., & Borawski-Clark, E. (1992). The effect of very low birth weight and social risk on neurocognitive abilities at school age. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 13, 412-420.
26. Hack, M., Flannery, D. J., Schluchter, M., Carter, L., Borawski, E., & Klein, N. (2002). Outcomes in young adulthood for very-low-birth-weight infants. New England Journal of Medicine, 346, 149-157.
27. Hack, M., Friedman, H., & Fanaroff, A. A. (1996). Outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics, 98, 931-937.
28. Hibbs, E. D., Hamburger, S. D., Lenane, M., Rapoport, J. L., Kruesi, M. J. P., Keysor, C. S., et al. (1991). Determinants of expressed emotion in families of disturbed and normal children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 757-770.
29. Laucht, M., Esser, G., & Schmidt, M. (2001). Developmental outcome of infants born with biological and psychosocial risks. Journal of Child Psychiatry, 38, 843-853.
30. Levy-Shiff, R., Einat, G., Mogilner, M. B., Lerman, M., & Krikler, R. (1994). Biological and environmental correlates of developmental outcome of prematurely born infants in early adolescence, Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 19, 63-78.
31. Luke, B., & Keith, L. G. (1992). The contribution of singletons, twins and triplets to low birth weight, infant mortality and handicap in the United States. The Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 37, 661-666.
32. Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interactions. In P. H. Mussen (Series Ed.) & E. M. Hetherington (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialisation, personality, and social development (4th ed., pp. 1-101). New York: Wiley.
33. MacDonald, K. (1992). Warmth as a developmental construct: An evolutionary analysis. Child Development, 63, 753-773.
34. Magana, A. B., Goldstein, M. J., Karno, M., & Miklowitz, D. J. (1986). A brief method for assessing expressed emotion in relatives of psychiatric patients. Psychiatry Research, 17, 203-212.
35. Mash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1982). A comparison of mother child interactions of younger and older hyperactive and normal children. Child Development, 53, 1371-1381.
36. Masten, A. S., Garmezy, N., Tellegen, A., Pellegrini, D. S., Larkin, K., & Larsen, A. (1988). Competence and stress in school children: The moderating effects of individual and family qualities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 29, 745-764.
37. McCormick, M. C., Brooks-Gunn, J., Workman-Daniels, K., Turner, J., & Peckham, G. J. (1992). The health and developmental status of very low-birth-weight children at school age. JAMA, 267, 2204-2208.
38. Mick, E., Biederman, J., Prince, J., Fischer, M. J., & Faraone, S. V. (2002). Impact of low birth weight on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 23, 16-22.
39. Moffitt, T. E., & The E-Risk Study Team. (2002). Teen-aged mothers in contemporary Britain. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 727-742.
40. Nugent, K. J., & Brazleton, T. B. (1989). Preventive intervention with infants and families: The NBAS Model. Infant Mental Health Journal, 10, 84-99.
41. Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. (1991). Standard occupational classification (Vols. 1-3). London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
42. Olsen, S. L., Bates, J. E., Sandy, J. M., & Lanthier, R. (2000). Early developmental precursors of externalizing behavior in middle childhood and adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28, 119-133.
43. Patterson, C. J., Cohn, D. A., & Kao, B. T. (1989). Maternal warmth as a protective factor against risks associated with peer rejection among children. Development and Psychopathology, 1, 21-38.
44. Patteson, D. M., & Barnard, K. E. (1990). Parenting of low birth weight infants: A review of issues and interventions. Infant Mental Health Journal, 11, 37-56.
45. Pettit, G. S., & Bates, J. E. (1989). Family interaction patterns and children's behavior problems from infancy to 4 years. Developmental Psychology, 25, 413-420.
46. Powers, W. F., & Kiely, J. L. (1994). The risks confronting twins: A national perspective. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 166, 1629-1641.
47. Price, T. S., Freeman, B., Craig, I., Petrill, S. A., Ebersole, L., & Plomin, R. (2000). Infant zygosity can be assigned by parental report questionnaire data. Twin Research, 3, 129-133.
48. Rauh, V. A., Achenbach, T. M., Nurcombe, B., Howell, C. T., & Teti, D. M. (1988). Minimizing adverse effects of low birthweight: Four-year results of an early intervention program. Child Development, 59, 544-553.
49. Reich, W., Todd, R. D., Joyner, C. A., Neuman, R. J., & Heath, A. C. (2003). Reliability and stability of mothers' reports about their pregnancies with twins. Twin Research, 6, 85-88.
50. Rickards, A. L., Kelly, E. A., Doyle, L. W., & Callanan, C. (2001). Cognition, academic progress, behavior and self-concept at 14 years of very low birth weight children. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 22, 11-18.
51. Rietveld, M. J. H., van der Valk, J. C., Bongers, I. L., Stroet, T. M., Slagboom, P. E., & Boomsma, D. I. (2000). Zygosity diagnosis in young twins by parental report. Twin Research, 3, 134-141.
52. Robinson, D. R., & Gonzalez, L. S. (1999). Children born premature: A review of linguistic and behavioral outcomes. Infant-Toddler Intervention, 9, 373-390.
53. Rooney, R., Hay, D., & Levy, F. (2003). Small for gestational age as a predictor of behavioral and learning problems in twins. Twin Research, 6, 46-54.
54. Rutter, M. (1979). Protective factors in children's response to stress and disadvantage. In M. W. Kent & J. E. Rolf (Eds.), Primary prevention in psychopathology: Vol. 3. Social competence in children (pp. 49-74). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
55. Rutter, M. (1983). Stress, coping, and development: Some issues and some questions. In N. Garmezy & M. Rutter (Eds.), Stress, coping, and development in children (pp. 1-41). New York: McGraw-Hill.
56. Rutter, M. (1987). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57, 316-331.
57. Sattler, J. M. (1992). Assessment of children: WISC-III and WPPSI-R supplement. San Diego, CA: Author.
58. Sclare, I. (1997). The child psychology portfolio. Windsor, England: NFER-Nelson.
59. Scott, S., & Campbell, C. (2001). Expressed emotion about children: Reliability and validity of a Camberwell Family Interview for Childhood (CFI-C). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 9, 3-10.
60. StataCorp. (2001). Stata statistical software (Version 7.0). College Station, TX: Stata Corporation.
61. Szatmari, P., Saigal, S., Rosenbaum, P., & Campbell, D. (1993). Psychopathology and adaptive functioning among extremely low birthweight children at eight years of age. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 345-357.
62. Szatmari, P., Saigal, S., Rosenbaum, P., Campbell, D., & King, S. (1990). Psychiatric disorders at five years among children with birthweights less than 1000g: A regional perspective. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 32, 954-963.
63. Teplin, S. W., Burchinal, M., Johnson-Martin, N., Humphry, R. A., & Kraybill, E. N. (1991). Neurodevelopmental, health, and growth status at age 6 years of children with birth weights less than 1001 grams. Journal of Pediatrics, 118, 768-777.
64. Thorpe, K., Golding, J., MacGillivray, I., & Greenwood, R. (1991). Comparison of prevalence of depression in mothers of twins and mothers of singletons. British Medical Journal, 302, 875-878.
65. Trouton, A., Spinath, F. M., & Plomin, R. (2002). Twins Early Development Study (TEDS): A multivariate, longitudinal genetic investigation of language, cognition and behavior problems in childhood. Behavior Genetics, 5, 444-448.
66. Vaughn, C. E. (1989). Annotation: Expressed emotion in family relationships. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 13-22.
67. Vaughn, C. E., & Leff, J. P. (1976). The measurement of expressed emotion in the families of psychiatric patients. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 15, 157-165.
68. Ventura, S. J., Martin, J. A., Curtin, S. C., & Matthews, T. J. (1998). Births: Final data for 1997. National Vital Statistics Reports, 47, 1-96.
69. Ventura, S. J., Martin, J. A., Curtin, S. C., Menacker, P. H., & Hamilton, B. E. (2001). Births: Final data for 1999. National Vital Statistics Reports, 49, 1-100.
70. Vostanis, P., & Nicholls, J. (1995). Nine-month changes of maternal expressed emotion in conduct and emotional disorders of childhood: A follow-up study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 833-846.
71. Vostanis, P., Nicholls, J., & Harrington, R. (1994). Maternal expressed emotion in conduct and emotional disorders of childhood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 365-376.
72. Walton, K. A., Murray, L. J., Gallagher, A. M., Cran, G. W., Savage, M. J., & Boreham, C. (2000). Parental recall of birthweight: A good proxy for recorded birthweight? European Journal of Epidemiology, 16, 793-796.
73. Wechsler, D. (1990). Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised. London: Psychological Corporation.
74. Werner, E. E. (1989). High-risk children in young adulthood: A longitudinal study from birth to 32 years. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 59, 72-81.
75. Werner, E. E. (1990). Protective factors and individual resilience. In S. J. Meisels & J. P. Shonkoff (Eds.), Handbook of early childhood intervention (pp. 97-116). New York: Cambridge University Press.
76. Whitaker, A. H., Van Rossem, R., Feldman, J. F., Schonfeld, I. S., Pinto-Martin, J. A., Torre, C., et al. (1997). Psychiatric outcomes in low-birth-weight children at age 6 years: Relation to neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 847-856.
77. Wyman, P. A., Cowen, E. L., Work, W. C., Raoof, A., Gribble, P. A., Parker, G. R., et al. (1992). Interviews with children who experienced major life stress: Family and child attributes that predict resilient outcomes. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 904-910.