Near-Field Optical Investigations of Photonic Crystal Microresonators

IEICE Transactions on Electronics

Volumn E87-C, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 371-377

  Buchler, Ben C ^a   Kramper, Patrick ^b,e   Kafesaki, Maria ^c   Soukoulis, Costas M ^c,d   Sandoghdar, Vahid ^a  

^a ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KONSTANZ   (Germany)

^c Research Center of Crete   (Greece)

^d IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e AIRBUS GROUP INNOVATIONS   (Germany)

Author keywords

Microresonator; Photonic crystal; Point defect; Scanning near field optical microscopy; SNOM

Indexed keywords

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION; FRICTION; LIGHT PROPAGATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NATURAL FREQUENCIES; NEAR FIELD SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; PHOTONS; POINT DEFECTS; RESONATORS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SCATTERING;

MICRORESONATORS; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; SCANNING NEAR-FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY (SNOM);

OPTICAL MATERIALS;

EID: 1642310808     PISSN: 09168524     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. M. Lončar, D. Nedeljkovič, T.P. Pearsall, J. Vučković, A. Scherer, S. Kuchinsky, and D.C. Allan, "Experimental and theoretical confirmation of bloch-mode light propagation in planar photonic crystal waveguides," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.80, no.10, pp.1689-1691, 2002.
2. P. Kramper, A. Birner, M. Agio, C.M. Soukoulis, F. Müller, U. Gösele, J. Mlynek, and V. Sandoghdar, "Direct spectroscopy of a deep two-dimensional photonic crystal microresonator," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol.64, no.23, pp.233102-1-4, 2001.
3. S.I. Bozhevolnyi, V.S. Volkov, J. Arentoft, A. Boltasseva, T. Søndergaard, and M. Kristensen, "Direct mapping of light propagation in photonic crystal waveguides," Opt. Commun., vol.212, no.l-3, pp.51-55, 2002.
4. S.I. Bozhevolnyi, V.S. Volkov, T. Søndergaard, A. Boltasseva, P.I. Borel, and M. Kristensen, "Near-field imaging of light propagation in photonic crystal waveguides: Explicit role of bloch harmonics," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol.66, no.23, pp.235204-1-9, 2002.
5. D. Gerard, L. Berguiga, F. de Fornel, L. Salomon, C. Seassal, X. Letartre, P. Rojo-Romeo, and P. Viktorovitch, "Near-field probing of active photonic-crystal structures," Opt. Lett., vol.27, no.3, pp.173-175, 2002.
6. D.-J. Shin, S.-H. Kim, J.-K. Hwang, H.-Y. Ryu, H.-G. Park, D.-S. Song, and Y.-H. Lee, "Far- and near-field investigations on the lasing modes in two-dimensional photonic crystal slab lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol.38, no.7, pp.857-866, 2002.
7. P. Kramper, M. Kafesaki, C.M. Soukoulis, A. Birner, F. Müller, R. Wehrspohn, U. Gösele, J. Mlynek, and V. Sandoghdar, "Near-field visualization of light confinement in a photonic crystal microresonator," Opt. Lett., vol.29, no.2, pp.174-176, 2004.
8. E. Flück, N.F. van Hulst, W.L. Vos, and L. Kuipers, "Near-field optical investigation of three-dimensional photonic crystals," Phys. Rev. E, Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Top., vol.68, no.1, p.15601-R, 2003.
9. K. Okamoto, M. Lončar, T. Yoshie, A. Seherer, Y.M. Qiu, and P. Gogna, "Near-field scanning optical microscopy of photonic crystal nanocavities," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.82, no.11, pp.1676-1678, 2003.
10. M.A. Paesler and P.J. Moyer, Near-Field Optics: Theory, Instrumentation, and Applications, Wiley-Interscience, 1997.
11. D.W. Pohl, W. Denk, and M. Lanz, "Optical stethoscopy: Image recording with resolution λ/20," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.44, no.7, pp.651-653, 1984.
12. A. Lewis, M. Isaacson, A. Harootunian, and A. Muray, "Development of a 500 Å spatial resolution light microscope," Ultramicroscopy, vol.13, pp.227-232, 1984.
13. E. Abbe, Gesammelte Abhandlungen, vol.2, G. Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1906.
14. R. Toledo-Crow, P.C. Yang, Y. Chen, and M. Vaez-Iravani, "Near-field differential scanning optical microscope with atomic force regulation," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.60, no.24, pp.2957-2959, 1992.
15. E. Betzig, P.L. Finn, and J.S. Weiner, "Combined shear force and near-field scanning optical microscopy," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.60, no.20, pp.2484-2486, 1992.
16. K. Karrai and R.D. Grober, "Piezoelectric tip-sample distance control for near field optical microscopes, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.66, no. 14, pp.1842-1844, 1995.
17. H.J. Kimble, "Strong interactions of single atoms and photons in cavity qed," Physica Scripta, vol.T76, pp.127-137, 1998.
18. J. Vučković, M. Lončar, H. Mabuchi, and A. Scherer, "Design of photonic crystal microcavities for cavity qed," Phys Rev. E, vol.65, no.1, p.016608, 2002.
19. J. Vučković and Y. Yamamoto, "Photonic crystal microcavities for cavity quantum electrodynamics with a single quantum dot," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.82, no.15, p.3274, 2003.
20. T. Yoshie, J. Vučković, A. Scherer, H. Chen, and D. Deppe, "High quality two-dimensional photonic crystal slab cavities," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.79, no.26, pp.4289-4291, 2001.
21. K. Srinivasan, P.E. Barclay, O. Painter, J. Chen, A.Y. Cho, and C. Gmachl, "Experimental demonstration of a high quality factor photonic crystal microcavity," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.83, no.10, pp.1915-1917, 2003.
22. Y. Akahane, T. Asano, B.-S. Song, and S. Noda, "High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal," Nature, vol.425, no.6961, p.944, 2003.
23. V. Lehmann, "The physics of macropore formation in low doped n-type silicon," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol.140, no.10, pp.2836-2843, 1993.
24. A. Birner, U. Grüning, S. Ottow, A. Schneider, F. Müller, V. Lehmann, H. Föll, and U. Gösele, "Macroporous silicon - A two-dimensional photonic bandgap material suitable for the near-infrared spectral range," Phys. Stat. Sol. A, vol.165, no.1, p.111, 1998.
25. J. Schilling, R.B. Wehrspohn, A. Birner, F. Müller, R. Hillebrand, U. Gösele, S.W. Leonard, J.P. Mondia, F. Genereux, H.M. van Driel, P. Kramper, V. Sandoghdar, and K. Busch, "A model system for two-dimensional and three-dimensional photonic crystals: Macroporous silicon," J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt., vol.3, no.6, pp.S121-S132, 2001.
26. A. Birner, "Optische Wellenleiter und Mikroresonatoren in Zwei-dimensionalen Photonische Kristallen aus Makroporsem Silizium," Online at http://sundoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/diss-online/00/00H127/index.html, PhD Thesis, Martin-Luther University at Halle-Wittenberg, 2000.
27. J.C. Knight, N. Dubreuil, V. Sandoghdar, J. Hare, V. Lefèvre-Seguin, J.M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, "Mapping whispering-gallery modes in microspheres with a near-field probe," Opt. Lett., vol.20, no.14, pp.1515-1517, 1995.
28. J.C. Knight, N. Dubreuil, V. Sandoghdar, J. Hare, V. Lefevre-Seguin, J.M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, "Characterizing whispering-gallery modes in microspheres by direct observation of the optical standing-wave pattern in the near field," Opt. Lett., vol.21, no. 10, pp.698-700, 1996.
29. S. Götzinger, S. Demmerer, O. Benson, and V. Sandoghdar, "Mapping and manipulating whispering gallery modes of a microsphere resonator with a near-field probe," J. Microsc., vol.202, no.1, pp.117-121, 2001.
30. S. Götzinger, O. Benson, and V. Sandoghdar, "Towards controlled coupling between a high-Q whispering-gallery mode and a single nanoparticle," Appl. Phys. B, vol.73, no.8, pp.825-828, 2001.
31. M.L. Gorodetsky, A.A. Savchenkov, and V.S. Ilchenko, "Ultimate Q of optical microsphere resonators," Opt. Lett., vol.21, no.7, pp.453-457, 1996.
32. M. Vaez-Iravani and R. Toledo-Crow, "Phase contrast and amplitude pseudoheterodyne interference near field scanning optical microscopy," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.62, no.10, pp.1044-1046, 1993.
33. J.N. Walford, K.A. Nugent, A. Roberts, and R.E. Schölten, "Three-dimensional phase imaging with a scanning optical-fiber interferometer," Appl. Opt., vol.38, no.16, pp.3508-3515, 1999.
34. P.L. Phillips, J.C. Knight, J.M. Pottage, G. Kakarantzas, and J. St. P. Russell, "Direct measurement of optical phase in the near field," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.76, no.5, pp.541-543, 2000.
35. M.L.M. Balistreri, J.P. Korterik, L. Kuipers, and N.R van Hulst, "Local observations of phase singularities in optical fields in waveguide structures," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol.85, no.2, pp.294-297, 2000.
36. M.L.M. Balistreri, H. Gersen, J.P. Korterik, L. Kuipers, and N.F. van Hulst, "Tracking femtosecond laser pulses in space and time," Science, vol.294, no.5544, pp.1080-1082, 2000.
37. J. Michaelis, C. Hettich, J. Mlynek, and V. Sandoghdar, "Optical microscopy using a single-molecule light source," Nature, vol.405, no.6784, pp.325-327, 2000.
38. S. Kühn, C. Hettich, C. Schmitt, J.-Ph. Poizat, and V. Sandoghdar, "Diamond colour centres as a nanoscopic light source for scanning near-field optical microscopy," J. Microsc., vol.202, no.1, pp.2-6, 2001.
39. T. Susuki and P.K.L. Yu, "Emission power of an electric dipole in the photonic band structure of the fcc lattice," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol.12, no.4, p.570, 1995.