Episodic mixing and buoyancy-sorting representations of shallow convection: A diagnostic study

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 60, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 892-912

  Zhao, Ming ^a   Austin, Philip H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; EROSION; HEAT CONVECTION; OCEANOGRAPHY; PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

ENTRAINING PLUME MODELS; SHALLOW CONVECTION;

CLOUDS;

BUOYANCY; CLOUD; CONVECTION; MIXING;

BUOYANCY; CONVECTION; CUMULUS; MIXING;

EID: 1642278851     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<0892:EMABSR>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Arakawa, A., and W. H. Schubert, 1974: Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment. Part I. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 674-701.
2. Austin, P. H., M. B. Baker, A. M. Blyth, and J. B. Jensen, 1985: Small-scale variability in warm continental cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1123-1138.
3. Benner, T. C., and J. A. Curry, 1998: Characteristics of small tropical cumulus clouds and their impact on the environment. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 28 753-28 767.
4. Betts, A. K., 1973: A relationship between stratification, cloud depth, and permitted cloud radii. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 890-893.
5. Blyth, A. M., 1993: Entrainment in cumulus clouds. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 626-641.
6. Blyth, A. M., W. A. Cooper, and J. B. Jensen, 1988: A study of the source of entrained air in Montana cumuli. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3944-3964.
7. Bretherton, C. S., and P. K. Smolarkiewicz, 1989: Gravity waves, compensating subsidence and detrainment around cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 740-759.
8. Cahalan, R. F., and J. H. Joseph, 1989: Fractal statistics of cloud fields. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 261-272.
9. Carpenter, R. L., J. K. K. Droegemeier, and A. M. Blyth, 1998: Entrainment and detrainment in numerically simulated cumulus congestus clouds. Part III. Parcel analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3440-3455.
10. Cohen, C., 2000: A quantitative investigation of entrainment and detrainment in numerically simulated cumulonimbus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1657-1674.
11. de Roode, S. R., and C. S. Bretherton, 2003: Mass-flux budgets of shallow cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 137-151.
12. Duynkerke, P., 1998: Dynamics of cloudy boundary layers. Clear and Cloudy Boundary Layers, A. Holtslag and P. Duynkerke, Eds., Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 199-218.
13. Emanuel, K. A., 1991: A scheme for representing cumulus convection in large-scale models. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2313-2335.
14. Emanuel, K. A., 1994: Atmospheric Convection. Oxford University Press, 580 pp.
15. Emanuel, K. A., and M. Zivkovic-Rothman, 1999: Development and evaluation of a convection scheme for use in climate models. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1766-1782.
16. Esbensen, S., 1978: Bulk thermodynamic effects and properties of small tropical cumuli. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 826-837.
17. Heymsfield, A. J., P. N. Johnson, and J. E. Dye, 1978: Observations of moist adiabatic ascent in northeast Colorado cumulus congestus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1689-1703.
18. Hu, Q., 1997: A cumulus parameterization based on a cloud model of intermittently rising thermals, J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2292-2307.
19. Jensen, J. B., P. H. Austin, M. B. Baker, and A. M. Blyth, 1985: Turbulent mixing, spectral evolution and dynamics in a warm cumulus cloud. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 173-192.
20. Kain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1990: A one-dimensional entraining/ detraining plume model and its application in convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2784-2802.
21. Kollias, P., B. A. Albrecht, R. Lhermitte, and A. Savtchenko, 2001: Radar observations of updrafts, downdrafts and turbulence in fair-weather cumuli. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1750-1766.
22. Kuo, K., R. M. Welch, and R. C. Weger, 1993: The three-dimensional structure of cumulus clouds over the ocean: Structural analysis. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20 685-20 711.
23. Neggers, R. A., A. Siebesma, and H. Jonker, 2002: A multiparcel model for shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1655-1668.
24. Neggers, R. A., H. J. Jonker, and A. P. Siebesma, 2003: Size statistics of cumulus cloud populations in large-eddy simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
25. Nitta, T., 1975: Observational determination of cloud mass flux distributions. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 73-91.
26. Nitta, T., and S. Esbensen, 1974: Heat and moisture budget analyses using BOMEX data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 102, 17-28.
27. Paluch, I. R., 1979: The entrainment mechanism in Colorado cumuli. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2467-2478.
28. Plank, V. G., 1969: The size distribution of cumulus clouds in representative Florida populations. J. Appl. Meteor., 8, 46-67.
29. Raymond, D. J., and A. M. Blyth, 1986: A stochastic mixing model for nonprecipitating cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2708-2718.
30. Siebesma, A. P., 1998: Shallow cumulus convection. Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows, E. J. Plate et al., Eds., Kluwer Academic, 441-486.
31. Siebesma, A. P., and J. Cuijpers, 1995: Evaluation of parametric assumptions for shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 650-666.
32. Siebesma, A. P., and A. Holtslag, 1996: Model impacts of entrainment and detrainment rates in shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2354-2364.
33. Siebesma, A. P., and Coauthors, 2003: A large eddy simulation intercomparison study of shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
34. Simpson, J., 1971: On cumulus entrainment and one-dimensional models. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 449-455.
35. Stull, R. B., 1985: A fair-weather cumulus cloud classification scheme for mixed-layer studies. J. Appl. Meteor., 24, 49-56.
36. Taylor, G. R., and M. B. Baker, 1991: Entrainment and detrainment in cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 112-121.
37. Telford, J. W., 1975: Turbulence, entrainment, and mixing in cloud dynamics. Pure Appl. Geophys., 113, 1067-1084.
38. von Salzen, K., and N. A. McFarlane, 2002: Parameterization of the bulk effects of lateral and cloud-top entrainment in transient shallow cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1405-1430.
39. Warner, J., 1970: On steady-state one-dimensional models of cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 1035-1040.