Effects of race, neighborhood, and social network on age at initiation of injection drug use

American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 95, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 689-695

  Fuller, Crystal M ^a,b   Borrell, Luisa N ^a   Latkin, Carl A ^c   Galea, Sandro ^b   Ompad, Danielle C ^b   Strathdee, Steffanie A ^c   Vlahov, David ^a,b,c  

^a Columbia University ^*  (United States)

^b NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ANTIBODY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGE; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CAUCASIAN; DRUG USE; EDUCATION; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INJECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MODEL; RACE; RISK; SEROPREVALENCE; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL ASPECT; WESTERN BLOTTING;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; NEW YORK CITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RISK FACTORS; RISK-TAKING; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS; UNSAFE SEX;

EID: 15744372249     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2003.02178     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Vlahov D, Anthony JC, Celentano D, Solomon L, Chowdhury N. Trends of HIV-1 risk reduction among initiates into intravenous drug use, 1982-1987. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1991;17:39-48.
2. Nicolosi A, Leite ML, Musicco M, Molinari S, Lazzarin A. Parenteral and sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in intravenous drug users: a study of seroconversion. The Northern Italian Seronegative Drug Addicts (NISDA) Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;135:225-233.
3. van Ameijden HJ, Van den Mock JA, Mientjes GH, Coutinho RA. A longitudinal study on the incidence and transmission patterns of HIV, HBV and HCV infection among drug users in Amsterdam. Eur J Epidemiol. 1993;9:255-262.
4. Nelson KE, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Cohn S, Munoz A. Temporal trends of incident human immunodeficiency virus infection in a cohort of injecting drug users in Baltimore, Md. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:1305-1311.
5. Fennema JS, van Ameijden EJ, Van Den HA, Coutinho RA. Young and recent-onset injecting drug users are at higher risk for HIV. Addiction. 1997;92: 1457-1465.
6. Garfein RS, Vlahov D, Galai N, Doherty MC, Nelson KE. Viral infections in short-term injection drug users: the prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T-lymphotropic viruses. Am J Public Health. 1996;86:655-661.
7. Garfein RS, Doherty MC, Monterroso ER, Thomas DL, Nelson KE, Vlahov D. Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection among young adult injection drug users. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998;18(suppl 1):S11-S19.
8. Thorpe LE, Quellet LJ, Levy JR, Williams IT, Monterroso ER. Hepatitis C virus infection: prevalence, risk factors, and prevention opportunities among young injection drug users in Chicago, 1997-1999. J Infect Dis. 2000;182:1588-1594.
9. Hahn JA, Page-Shafer K, Lum PJ, Ochoa K, Moss AR. Hepatitis C virus infection and needle exchange use among young injection drug users in San Francisco. Hepatology. 2001;34:180-187.
10. Boardman JD, Finch BK, Ellison CG, Williams DH, Jackson JS. Neighborhood disadvantage, stress, and drug use among adults. J Health Soc Behav. 2001;42:151-165.
11. Musto DF. The American Disease: Origins of Narcotic Control. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1999.
12. Gracey M. Child health implications of worldwide urbanization. Rev Environ Health. 2003;18:51-63.
13. Roy E, Haley N, Leclerc P, Cedras L, Blais L, Boivin JF. Drug injection among street youths in Montreal: predictors of initiation. J Urban Health. 2003;80:92-105.
14. Galea S, Vlahov D. Social determinants and the health of drug users: socioeconomic status, homelessness, and incarceration. Public Health Rep. 2002; 117(suppl 1):S135-S145.
15. Levine SB, Coupey SM. Adolescent substance use, sexual behavior, and metropolitan status: is "urban" a risk factor? J Adolesc Health. 2003;32:350-355.
16. Dinwiddie SH. Characteristics of injection drug users derived from a large family study of alcoholism. Compr Psychiatry. 1997;38:218-229.
17. Des J, Friedman SR, Perils T, et al. Risk behavior and HIV infection among new drug injectors in the era of AIDS in New York City. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999;20:67-72.
18. Fuller CM, Vlahov D, Ompad DC, Shah N, Arria A, Strathdee SA. High-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002;66:189-198.
19. van Ameijden FJ, Van den Hoek JA, Hartgers C, Coutinho RA. Risk factors for the transition from non-injection to injection drug use and accompanying AIDS risk behavior in a cohort of drug users. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;139:1153-1163.
20. Golub A, Johnson BD. Variation in youthful risks of progression from alcohol and tobacco to marijuana and to hard drugs across generations. Am J Public Health. 2001;91:225-232.
21. Fuller CM, Vlahov D, Arria AM, Ompad DC, Garfein R, Strathdee SA. Factors associated with adolescent initiation of injection drug use. Public Health Rep. 2001;116(suppl 1):136-145.
22. Kral AH, Lorvick J, Edlin BR. Sex- and drug-related risk among populations of younger and older injection drug users in adjacent neighborhoods in San Francisco. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2000;24: 162-167.
23. Ellickson PL, Morton SC. Identifying adolescents at risk for hard drug use: racial/ethnic variations. J Adolesc Health. 1999;25:382-395.
24. Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Booth RE, Watters JK. HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities. Am J Public Health. 1998;88:108-113.
25. Kottiri BJ, Friedman SR, Neaigus A, Curtis R, Des J. Risk networks and racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of HIV infection among injection drug users. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2002;30:95-104.
26. Chaisson RE, Moss AR, Onishi R, Osmond D, Carlson JR. Human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in San Francisco. Am J Public Health. 1987;77:169-172.
27. Schoenbaum EE, Hartel D, Selwyn PA, et al. Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection in intravenous drug users. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:874-879.
28. Watters JK, Estilo MJ, Kral AH, Lorvick JJ. HIV infection among female injection-drug users recruited in community settings. Sex Transm Dis. 1994;21:321-328.
29. Jones CP. Invited commentary: "race," racism, and the practice of epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 2001; 154:299-304.
30. Ganz ML. The relationship between external threats and smoking in central Harlem. Am J Public Health. 2000;90:367-371.
31. Latkin CA, Forman V, Knowlton A, Sherman S. Norms, social networks, and HIV-related risk behaviors among urban disadvantaged drug users. Soc Sci Med. 2003;56:465-476.
32. Magura S, Grossman JI, Lipton DS, et al. Determinants of needle sharing among intravenous drug users. Am J Public Health. 1989;79:459-462.
33. Page BJ. Shooting scenarios and risk of HIV-1 infection. Am Behav Sci. 1990;33:478-490.
34. Neaigus A, Friedman SR, Jose B, et al. High-risk personal networks and syringe sharing as risk factors for HIV infection among new drug injectors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996;11:499-509.
35. Latkin C, Mandell W, Oziemkowska M, et al. Using social network analysis to study patterns of drug use among urban drug users at high risk for HIV/ AIDS. Drug Alcohol Depend 1995;38:1-9.
36. Valente TW, Vlahov D. Selective risk taking among needle exchange participants: implications for supplemental interventions. Am J Public Health. 2001;91:406-411.
37. Downs WR, Rose SR. The relationship of adolescent peer groups to the incidence of psychosocial problems. Adolescence. 1991;26:473-492.
38. Newcomb MD, Maddahian E, Bentler PM. Risk factors for drug use among adolescents: concurrent and longitudinal analyses. Am J Public Health. 1986;76:525-531.
39. Carneiro M, Fuller C, Doherty MC, Vlahov D. HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among new initiates into injection drug use over the age of 40 years old. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999;54:83-86.
40. Fuller CM, Vlahov D, Latkin CA, Ompad DC, Celentano DD, Strathdee SA. Social circumstances of initiation of injection drug use and early shooting gallery attendance: implications for HIV intervention among adolescent and young adult injection drug users. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;32:86-93.
41. Anthony JC, Vlahov D, Celentano D, et al. Self-report interview data for a study of HIV-1 infection among intravenous drug users: description of methods and preliminary evidence on validity. J Drug Issues. 1991;21:739-757
42. Samuels JF, Vlahov D, Anthony JC, Chaisson RE. Measurement of HIV risk behaviors among intravenous drug users. Br J Addict. 1992;87:417-428.
43. Latkin C, Mandell W, Vlahov D, Oziemkowska M, Celentano D. People and places: behavioral settings and personal network characteristics as correlates of needle sharing. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996;13:273-280.
44. Summary Tape File 3 CD-ROM Technical Documentation Washington, DC: US Bureau of the Census; 1992.
45. Current Population Survey (CPS)-Definitions and Explanations. Washington, DC: US Bureau of the Census; 2002.
46. Brogan D. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics, Volume 5: Software for Sample Survey Data, Misuse of Standard Packages. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1998: 4167-4174.
47. Lillie-Blanton M, Anthony JC, Schuster CR. Probing the meaning of racial/ethnic group comparisons in crack cocaine smoking. JAMA. 1993;269:993-997.
48. Wilson WJ. The Truly Disadvantaged. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press; 1987.
49. Duncan C, Jones K, Moon G. Psychiatric morbidity: a multilevel approach to regional variations in the UK. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1995;49:290-295.
50. Haan M, Kaplan GA, Camacho T. Poverty and health: prospective evidence from the Alameda County Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1987;125:989-998.
51. Sampson RJ, Groves WR. Community structure and crime: testing social-disorganization theory. Am J Sociol. 1989;94:774-802.
52. Shaw C, McKay H. Juvenile Delinquency in Urban Areas. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press; 1942.
53. Lynch J. Income inequality and health: expanding the debate. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51:1001-1005.
54. Kaplan GA, Pamuk ER, Lynch JW, Cohen RD, Balfour JL. Inequality in income and mortality in the United States: analysis of mortality and potential pathways. BMJ. 1996;312:999-1003.
55. Kawachi I, Berkman L. Social cohesion, social capital and health. In: Berkman L, Kawachi I, eds. Social Epidemiology. New York. NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 2000:174-190.
56. Latkin CA, Curry AD. Stressful neighborhoods and depression: a prospective study of the impact of neighborhood disorder. J Health Soc Behav. 2003;44:34-44.
57. Sampson RJ, Wilson WJ. Toward a theory of race, crime and urban inequality. In: Hagan J, Petersen RD, eds. Crime and Inequality. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press; 1995:37-54.
58. Latkin C, Mandell W, Vlahov D, Knowlton A, Oziemkowska M, Celentano D. Using social network analysis to study patterns of needle sharing and shooting gallery attendance. Soc Networks. 1995;17:219-228.
59. Rothenberg RB, Potterat JJ, Woodhouse DE, Muth SQ, Darrow WW, Klovdahl AS. Social network dynamics and HIV transmission. AIDS. 1998;12:1529-1536.
60. Friedman SH, Neaigus A, Jose B, et al. Sociometric risk networks and risk for HIV infection. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1289-1296.
61. Obadia Y, Feroni I, Perrin V, Vlahov D, Moatti JP. Syringe vending machines for injection drug users: an experiment in Marseille, France. Am J Public Health. 1999;89:1852-1854.
62. Geronimus AT, Bound J. Use of census-based aggregate variables to proxy for socioeconomic group: evidence from national samples. Am J Epidemiol. 1998; 148:475-486.
63. Diez Roux AV, Merkin SS, Arnett D, et al. Neighborhood of residence and incidence of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:99-106.
64. Krieger N. Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: validation and application of a census-based methodology. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:703-710.
65. Diez-Roux AV, Riefe CI, Jacobs DR Jr, et al. Area characteristics and individual-level socioeconomic position indicators in three population-based epidemiologic studies. Ann Epidemiol. 2001;11:395-405.