Understanding sheet extensibility

Pulp and Paper Canada

Volumn 106, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 33-40

  Seth, R S ^a  

^a PAPRICAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

Bonding; Compression; Deformation; Fibre structure; Fibrils; Paper sheets; Refining; Shrinkage; Stress strain properties; Stretch

Indexed keywords

BONDING; CELLULOSE; COMPRESSION TESTING; CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; PAPERMAKING; SHRINKAGE; STRAIN; STRETCHING; TENSILE STRENGTH;

AXIAL COMPRESSION; FIBER WALLS; SHEET DRYING; STRETCH POTENTIAL;

PAPER SHEETING;

CELLULOSE; COMPRESSION TESTS; PAPER SHEETS; SHRINKAGE; STRAINS; STRETCHING; TENSILE STRENGTH;

EID: 15744372066     PISSN: 03164004     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. SANBORN, I.B. and DIAZ, R.J. The stress-stain toughness test for paper and paperboard. Tappi 42 (7): 588 (1959).
2. BÖHMER, E. The analogy between burst testing and conical shells. Norsk Skogind. 16 (9): 382 (1962).
3. SETH, R.S. and PAGE, D.H. Fracture resistance: A failure criterion for paper. Tappi 58 (9): 112 (1975).
4. SETH, R.S. Optimizing reinforcement pulps by fracture toughness. Tappi J. 79 (1): 170 (1996).
5. BARNET, A.J. and HARVEY, D.M. Wet web characteristics and relation to wet end draws. Pulp Paper Can. 81 (11): T306 (1980).
6. MANNSTRÖM, B. Influence of groundwood quality on runnability and printability. Tappi 55 (4): 551 (1972).
7. ELPHICK, J. Establishing control in offset newspaper production. Paper Technol. 12 (4): 316 (1971).
8. UESAKA, T., FERAHI, M., HRISTOPULOS, D., DENG, N. and MOSS, C. Factors controlling press-room runnability of paper. "Science of Papermaking", (C.F. Baker, Ed.), Pulp & Paper Fundamental Research Society, Bury, Lancashire, U.K., 2001, p. 1423.
9. SILVY, J. Effects of drying on web characteristics. Paper Technol. 12 (6): 445 (1971).
10. NORDMAN, L.S. Laboratory investigations into the dimensional stability of paper. Tappi 41 (1): 23 (1958).
11. SETH, R.S., JANTUNEN, J.T. and MOSS, C.S. The effect of grammage on sheet properties. Appita 42 (1): 42 (1989).
12. PAGE, D.H. and EL-HOSSEINY, F. The mechanical properties of single wood pulp fibres. Part VI. Fibril angle and the shape of the stress-strain curve. J. Pulp Paper Sci. 9 (4): TR99 (1983).
13. HORN, R.A. Morphology of wood pulp fiber from softwood and influence on paper strength. USDA Forest Service Research Paper FPL 242, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, 1974.
14. GURNAGUL, N., PAGE, D.H. and SETH, R.S. Dry sheet properties of Canadian hardwood kraft pulps. J. Pulp Paper Sci. 16 (1): J 36 (1990).
15. PAGE, D.H. The axial compression of fibres - A newly discovered beating action. Pulp Paper Mag. Can. 67 (1): T2 (1966).
16. DUMBLETON, D.F. Longitudinal compression of individual pulp fibers. Tappi 55 (1): 127 (1972).
17. PAGE, D.H., SETH, R.S., JORDAN, B.D. and BARBE, M.C. Curl, crimps, kinks and microcompressions in pulp fibres - their origin, measurement and significance. In "Papermaking Raw Materials", (V. Punton, Ed), Mechanical Engineering Publications Ltd., London, 1985, p. 183.
18. PAGE, D.H., EL-HOSSEINY, F., KIM, C.Y., WINKLER, K., BAIN, R., LANCASTER, P. and VONDRAKOVA, M. The behaviour of single woodpulp fibres under tensile stress. In "Fundamental Properties of Paper Related to its Uses", (F. Bolam, Ed), Tech. Div., BP & BIF, London, 1976, p. 407.
19. SETH, R.S. Zero-span tensile strength of paper-making fibres. Paperi Puu 83 (8): 597 (2001).
20. WATSON, A.J., PHILLIPS, F.H., BAIN, R.B. and VENTER, J.S.M. Beating at high concentrations in the PFI mill. Appita 20 (2): 47 (1966).
21. PAGE, D.H. and SETH, R.S. The extensional behaviour of commercial mechanical pulps. Pulp Paper Can. 80 (8): T235 (1979).
22. DE MONTMORENCY, W.H. The relationship of wood characteristics to mechanical pulping. Pulp Paper Mag. Can. 66 (6): T325 (1965).
23. MACLEOD, J.M. and PELLETIER, L.J. Basket cases: kraft pulps inside digesters. Tappi J. 70 (11) 47 (1987).
24. DEGRÂCE, J.H. and PAGE, D.H. The extensional behavior of commercial softwood bleached kraft pulps. Tappi 59 (7): 98 (1976).
25. MACLEOD, J.M., MCPHEE, F.J., KINGSLAND, K.A., TRISTRAM, R.W., O'HAGAN, T.J., KOWALSKA, R.E. and THOMAS, B.C. Pulp strength delivery along complete kraft mill fiber lines. Tappi J. 78 (8): 153 (1995).
26. PAGE, D.H. and TYDEMAN, P.A. A new theory of the shrinkage, structure and properties of paper. In "Formation and Structure of Paper", (F. Bolam, Ed), Tech. Sect. BP & BMA, London, 1962, p. 397.
27. PAGE, D.H. The structure and properties of paper: Part II. Shrinkage, dimensional stability and stretch. Trend No. 18, PAPRICAN, Spring 1971.
28. TARALDRUD, O. Medium consistency refining. EUCEPA/ATICELCA 22nd Conference (Florence), Development & Trade in Science & Technology of Pulp & Paper-making, Volume 1, Paper No. 15 (October 6-10, 1986).
29. GATES, E.R. and KENWORTHY, I.C. Effects of drying shrinkage and fibre orientation on some physical properties of paper. Paper Technol 4 (5): 485 (1963).
30. SETTERHOLM, V. and KUENZI, E.W. Fiber orientation and degree of restraint during drying. Tappi 53(10): 1915 (1970).
31. HTUN, M. and FELLERS, C. The invariant mechanical properties of oriented handsheets. Tappi 65(4): 113 (1982).
32. PAGE, D.H. and HOWARD, R.C. The influence of machine speed on the machine-direction stretch of newsprint. Tappi J. 75 (12): 53 (1992).
33. HTUN, M. and DE RUVO, A. The influence of drying strategies on the relationship between drying shrinkage and strain to failure of paper. In "Role of Fundamental Research in Papermaking", Mechanical Engineering Publications, Ltd., London, 1983, p. 385.
34. HTUN, M. and DE RUVO, A. Implication of different drying strategies for the mechanical properties of paper. II Latin-American Congress on Pulp and Paper, Torremolinos, Malaga, Spain, June 22-26, 1981, pp. 5-17.
35. EMERTON, H.W. "Fundamentals of the Beating Process", BP & BIRA, Kenley, 1957.
36. STONE, J.E. and SCALLAN, A.M. Influence of drying on the pore structure of the cell wall. In "Consolidation of the Paper Web", (F. Bolam, Ed), Tech. Sect., BP & BMA, London, 1966, p. 145.
37. SCALLAN, A.M. The accommodation of water within pulp fibres. In "Fibre-Water Interactions in Paper-making", Tech. Div., BP & BIF, London, 1978, p. 9.
38. LINDSTRÖM, T. Chemical factors affecting the behavior of fibers during papermaking. Nordic Pulp Paper Res. J. 7 (4): 181 (1992).
39. WELSH, H.S. Fundamental properties of high stretch papers. In "Consolidation of the Paper Web", (F. Bolam, Ed), Tech. Sect., BP & BMA, London, 1966, p. 397.
40. IHRMAN, C.B. and ÖHRN, O.E. Extensible paper by the double-roll compacting process. In "Consolidation of the Paper Web", (F. Bolam, Ed), Tech. Sect., BP & BMA, London 1966, p. 410.
41. SETH, R.S. and PAGE, D.H. The stress-strain curve of paper. In "Role of Fundamental Research in Paper-making", (J. Brander, Ed), Mechanical Engineering Publications, Ltd., London, 1983, p. 421.
42. WINK, W.A. The effect of relative humidity and temperature on paper properties. Tappi 44 (6): 171 A (1961).
43. BENSON, R.E. Effect of relative humidity and temperature on tensile stress-strain properties of kraft linerboard. Tappi 54 (5): 699 (1971).
44. SALMEN, L. Responses of paper properties to changes in moisture content and temperature. In "Products of Papermaking", (C.F. Baker, Ed), Pira International, Leatherhead, Surrey, U.K., 1993, p. 369.
45. BROUGHTON, G. and MATLIN, N.A. The mechanical behavior of paper - Part I. Tappi 34 (11): 493 (1951)
46. DAVISON, R.W. The weak link in paper dry strength. Tappi 55 (4): 567 (1972)
47. KIMURA, M., USUDA, M. and KADOYA, T. Moisture dependence of impact rupture properties of paper. In "Fibre-Water Interactions in Papermaking", Tech. Div., BP & BIF, London, 1978, p. 671.
48. Papermaking Science and Technology, Book 9, Papermaking Part 2, Drying. Chapter 10, FAPET, Helsinki, 2000.
49. Papermaking Science and Technology, Book 16, Paper Physics, Chapters 2, 5-8, FAPET, Helsinki, 1998.
50. LUNDIN, T., LONNBERG, B., SOINI, P. and HARJU, K. Laboratory LC refining of SBK pulps - Effects of consistency and dispersion. 7th Pira International Refining Conference, Stockholm, March 25-26, 2003, Paper #5.