메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 836-845

Assessing trace-metal exposure to American dippers in mountain streams of southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Author keywords

American dipper; Ecological risk assessment; Feathers; Feces; Metals

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; COMPOSITION; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); FISHERIES; HAZARDS; STREAM FLOW; TOXIC MATERIALS; WATERSHEDS;

EID: 15544365350     PISSN: 07307268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1897/04-110R.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (49)

References (66)
  • 2
    • 0037399842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baseflow and stormflow metal fluxes from two small agricultural catchments in the Coastal Plain of the Chesapeake Bay Basin, United States
    • Miller CV, Foster GD, Majedi BF. 2003. Baseflow and stormflow metal fluxes from two small agricultural catchments in the Coastal Plain of the Chesapeake Bay Basin, United States. Appl Geochem 18:483-501.
    • (2003) Appl Geochem , vol.18 , pp. 483-501
    • Miller, C.V.1    Foster, G.D.2    Majedi, B.F.3
  • 3
    • 0037409196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 40+ year record of Cd, Hg, Pb, and U deposition in sediments of Patroon Reservoir, Albany County, NY, USA
    • Arnason JG, Fletcher BA. 2003. A 40+ year record of Cd, Hg, Pb, and U deposition in sediments of Patroon Reservoir, Albany County, NY, USA. Environ Pollut 123:383-391.
    • (2003) Environ Pollut , vol.123 , pp. 383-391
    • Arnason, J.G.1    Fletcher, B.A.2
  • 4
    • 0034930372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace-metal loss following whole-tree harvest of northeastern deciduous forest, USA
    • Scott NA, Likens GE, Eaton JS, Siccama TG. 2001. Trace-metal loss following whole-tree harvest of northeastern deciduous forest, USA. Biogeochemistry 54:197-217.
    • (2001) Biogeochemistry , vol.54 , pp. 197-217
    • Scott, N.A.1    Likens, G.E.2    Eaton, J.S.3    Siccama, T.G.4
  • 5
    • 0034810468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration of mercury, methylmercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium in the rain and stream water of two contrasting watersheds in Western Maryland
    • Lawson NM, Mason RP. 2001. Concentration of mercury, methylmercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium in the rain and stream water of two contrasting watersheds in Western Maryland. Water Res 35:4039-4052.
    • (2001) Water Res , vol.35 , pp. 4039-4052
    • Lawson, N.M.1    Mason, R.P.2
  • 6
    • 0020864781 scopus 로고
    • Heavy metals in water, sediments, and invertebrates from a metal-contaminated river free of organic pollution
    • Burrows LG, Whitton BA. 1983. Heavy metals in water, sediments, and invertebrates from a metal-contaminated river free of organic pollution. Hydrobiologia 106:263-273.
    • (1983) Hydrobiologia , vol.106 , pp. 263-273
    • Burrows, L.G.1    Whitton, B.A.2
  • 7
    • 0003044011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish
    • Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW, eds, SETAC Special Publication. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA
    • Wiener JG, Spry DJ. 1996. Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish. In Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW, eds, Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations. SETAC Special Publication. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 297-339.
    • (1996) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations , pp. 297-339
    • Wiener, J.G.1    Spry, D.J.2
  • 8
    • 0036139112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in American dippers (Cinclus mexicanus) from a metal-impacted stream
    • Strom SM, Ramsdell HS, Archuleta AS. 2002. Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in American dippers (Cinclus mexicanus) from a metal-impacted stream. Environ Toxicol Chem 21:115-120.
    • (2002) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.21 , pp. 115-120
    • Strom, S.M.1    Ramsdell, H.S.2    Archuleta, A.S.3
  • 9
    • 4544362354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal trends in population density, distribution, and movement of American dippers within a watershed of southwestern British Columbia, Canada
    • Morrissey CA, Bendell-Young LI, Elliott JE. 2004. Seasonal trends in population density, distribution, and movement of American dippers within a watershed of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Condor 106:815-825.
    • (2004) Condor , vol.106 , pp. 815-825
    • Morrissey, C.A.1    Bendell-Young, L.I.2    Elliott, J.E.3
  • 10
    • 3042687509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking contaminant profiles to the diet and breeding location of American dippers using stable isotopes
    • Morrissey CA, Bendell-Young LI, Elliott JE. 2004. Linking contaminant profiles to the diet and breeding location of American dippers using stable isotopes. J Appl Ecol 41:502-512.
    • (2004) J Appl Ecol , vol.41 , pp. 502-512
    • Morrissey, C.A.1    Bendell-Young, L.I.2    Elliott, J.E.3
  • 11
    • 0037656065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A question of dose
    • Ash C, Stone R. 2003. A question of dose. Science 300:925.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 925
    • Ash, C.1    Stone, R.2
  • 12
    • 0000064434 scopus 로고
    • Metals in avian feathers: Bioindicators of environmental pollution
    • Burger J. 1993. Metals in avian feathers: Bioindicators of environmental pollution. Rev Environ Toxicol 5:203-311.
    • (1993) Rev Environ Toxicol , vol.5 , pp. 203-311
    • Burger, J.1
  • 13
    • 0007686239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Dipper (Cinclus mexicanus)
    • Poole A, Gill F, eds, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC
    • Kingery HE. 1996. American Dipper (Cinclus mexicanus). In Poole A, Gill F, eds, The Birds of North America, Number 229. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC, pp 1-28.
    • (1996) The Birds of North America, Number 229 , pp. 1-28
    • Kingery, H.E.1
  • 16
    • 0024264374 scopus 로고
    • Energetics of the annual cycle of Dippers Cinclus cinclus
    • Bryant DM, Tatner P. 1988. Energetics of the annual cycle of Dippers Cinclus cinclus. Ibis 130:17-38.
    • (1988) Ibis , vol.130 , pp. 17-38
    • Bryant, D.M.1    Tatner, P.2
  • 18
    • 0002864624 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and feeding habits of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) in relation to life-history stage
    • Groot C, Margolis L, Clarke WC eds, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    • Higgs DA, Macdonald JS, Levings CD, Dosanjh BS. 1995. Nutrition and feeding habits of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) in relation to life-history stage. In Groot C, Margolis L, Clarke WC eds, Physiological Ecology of Pacific Salmon. UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
    • (1995) Physiological Ecology of Pacific Salmon
    • Higgs, D.A.1    Macdonald, J.S.2    Levings, C.D.3    Dosanjh, B.S.4
  • 19
    • 0002096161 scopus 로고
    • Caloric equivalents for investigation in ecological energetics
    • Cummins KW, Wuycheck JC. 1971. Caloric equivalents for investigation in ecological energetics. Mitt Int Ver Theor Angew Limnol 18:1-158.
    • (1971) Mitt Int Ver Theor Angew Limnol , vol.18 , pp. 1-158
    • Cummins, K.W.1    Wuycheck, J.C.2
  • 20
    • 0023496122 scopus 로고
    • Field metabolic rate and food requirement scaling in mammals and birds
    • Nagy KA. 1987. Field metabolic rate and food requirement scaling in mammals and birds. Ecol Monogr 57:111-128.
    • (1987) Ecol Monogr , vol.57 , pp. 111-128
    • Nagy, K.A.1
  • 22
    • 0032760376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are eggshells and egg contents of great and blue tit suitable as indicators of heavy metal pollution?
    • Dauwe T, Bervoets L, Blust R, Pinxten R, Eens M. 1999. Are eggshells and egg contents of great and blue tit suitable as indicators of heavy metal pollution? Belg J Zool 129:439-447.
    • (1999) Belg J Zool , vol.129 , pp. 439-447
    • Dauwe, T.1    Bervoets, L.2    Blust, R.3    Pinxten, R.4    Eens, M.5
  • 23
    • 0033711711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can excretement and feathers of nestling songbirds be used as biomonitors for heavy metal pollution?
    • Dauwe T, Bervoets L, Blust R, Pinxten R, Eens M. 2000. Can excretement and feathers of nestling songbirds be used as biomonitors for heavy metal pollution? Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 39:541-546.
    • (2000) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.39 , pp. 541-546
    • Dauwe, T.1    Bervoets, L.2    Blust, R.3    Pinxten, R.4    Eens, M.5
  • 24
    • 0021283566 scopus 로고
    • Mercury monitoring: Mercury stability in bird feathers
    • Applequist H, Asbirk S, Drabaek I. 1984. Mercury monitoring: Mercury stability in bird feathers. Mar Pollut Bull 15:22-24.
    • (1984) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.15 , pp. 22-24
    • Applequist, H.1    Asbirk, S.2    Drabaek, I.3
  • 25
    • 0036205712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue levels of lead in experimentally exposed zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) with particular attention on the use of feathers as biomonitors
    • Dauwe T, Bervoets L, Blust R, Eens M. 2002. Tissue levels of lead in experimentally exposed zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) with particular attention on the use of feathers as biomonitors. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 42:88-92.
    • (2002) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.42 , pp. 88-92
    • Dauwe, T.1    Bervoets, L.2    Blust, R.3    Eens, M.4
  • 27
    • 0033997567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioamplification of mercury in the Great skua Catharacta skua chicks: The influence of trophic status as determined by stable isotope signatures of blood and feathers
    • Bearhop S, Waldron S, Thompson D, Furness R. 2000. Bioamplification of mercury in the Great skua Catharacta skua chicks: The influence of trophic status as determined by stable isotope signatures of blood and feathers. Mar Pollut Bull 40:181-185.
    • (2000) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.40 , pp. 181-185
    • Bearhop, S.1    Waldron, S.2    Thompson, D.3    Furness, R.4
  • 28
    • 0036747507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food chain differences affect heavy metals in bird eggs in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey
    • Burger J. 2002. Food chain differences affect heavy metals in bird eggs in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Environ Res Sect A 90:33-39.
    • (2002) Environ Res Sect A , vol.90 , pp. 33-39
    • Burger, J.1
  • 30
    • 0029051893 scopus 로고
    • Heavy metal concentrations in Great Blue heron castings in Washington State: A technique for monitoring regional and global trends in environmental contaminants
    • Fitzner RE, Gray RH, Hinds WT. 1995. Heavy metal concentrations in Great Blue heron castings in Washington State: A technique for monitoring regional and global trends in environmental contaminants. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 55:398-403.
    • (1995) Bull Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.55 , pp. 398-403
    • Fitzner, R.E.1    Gray, R.H.2    Hinds, W.T.3
  • 31
    • 0032848469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadmium and lead exposure associated with reduced growth rates, poorer fledging success of Little Blue heron chicks (Egretta caerulea) in South Louisiana wetlands
    • Spahn SA, Sherry TW. 1999. Cadmium and lead exposure associated with reduced growth rates, poorer fledging success of Little Blue heron chicks (Egretta caerulea) in South Louisiana wetlands. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 37:377-384.
    • (1999) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.37 , pp. 377-384
    • Spahn, S.A.1    Sherry, T.W.2
  • 33
    • 0023159497 scopus 로고
    • The chronic toxicity of aluminum, cadmium, mercury, and lead in birds: A review
    • Scheuhammer AM. 1987. The chronic toxicity of aluminum, cadmium, mercury, and lead in birds: A review. Environ Pollut 46:263-295.
    • (1987) Environ Pollut , vol.46 , pp. 263-295
    • Scheuhammer, A.M.1
  • 34
    • 0036776725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter- and intraclutch variability in heavy metals in feathers of Great tit nestlings (Parus major) along a pollution gradient
    • Janssens E, Dauwe T, Bervoets L, Eens M. 2002. Inter- and intraclutch variability in heavy metals in feathers of Great tit nestlings (Parus major) along a pollution gradient. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43:323-329.
    • (2002) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.43 , pp. 323-329
    • Janssens, E.1    Dauwe, T.2    Bervoets, L.3    Eens, M.4
  • 35
    • 0000685467 scopus 로고
    • Nest success, cause-specific nest failures, and hatchability of aquatic birds at selenium-contaminated Kesterson Reservoir and a reference site
    • Ohlendorf H, Hothem RL, Walsh D. 1989. Nest success, cause-specific nest failures, and hatchability of aquatic birds at selenium-contaminated Kesterson Reservoir and a reference site. Condor 91:787-796.
    • (1989) Condor , vol.91 , pp. 787-796
    • Ohlendorf, H.1    Hothem, R.L.2    Walsh, D.3
  • 36
    • 0001122554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selenium in birds
    • Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW, eds, SETAC Special Publication. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA
    • Heinz GH. 1996. Selenium in birds. In Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW, eds, Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations. SETAC Special Publication. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 447-458.
    • (1996) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations , pp. 447-458
    • Heinz, G.H.1
  • 37
    • 0003004138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selenium in aquatic organisms
    • Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW, eds, Setae Special Publication. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA
    • Lemly AD. 1996. Selenium in aquatic organisms. In Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW, eds, Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations. Setae Special Publication. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 427-458.
    • (1996) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations , pp. 427-458
    • Lemly, A.D.1
  • 39
    • 0019770093 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of involvement of aluminum in causation of defective formation of eggshells and of impaired breeding in wild passerine birds
    • Nyholm NEI. 1981. Evidence of involvement of aluminum in causation of defective formation of eggshells and of impaired breeding in wild passerine birds. Environ Res 26:363-371.
    • (1981) Environ Res , vol.26 , pp. 363-371
    • Nyholm, N.E.I.1
  • 40
    • 0027397417 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus on egg and bone of European starlings
    • Miles AK, Grue CE, Pendleton GW, Soares JH Jr. 1993. Effects of dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus on egg and bone of European starlings. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 24:206-212.
    • (1993) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.24 , pp. 206-212
    • Miles, A.K.1    Grue, C.E.2    Pendleton, G.W.3    Soares Jr., J.H.4
  • 41
    • 0025330426 scopus 로고
    • Acid precipitation and food quality: Inhibition of growth and survival in black ducks and mallards by dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus
    • Sparling DW 1990. Acid precipitation and food quality: Inhibition of growth and survival in black ducks and mallards by dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 19:457-463.
    • (1990) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.19 , pp. 457-463
    • Sparling, D.W.1
  • 42
    • 0023823762 scopus 로고
    • Egg mass and shell thickness in dippers Cinclus cinclus in relation to stream acidity in Wales and Scotland
    • Ormerod SJ, Bull KR, Cummins CP, Tyler SJ, Vickery JA. 1988. Egg mass and shell thickness in dippers Cinclus cinclus in relation to stream acidity in Wales and Scotland. Environ Pollut 55:107-121.
    • (1988) Environ Pollut , vol.55 , pp. 107-121
    • Ormerod, S.J.1    Bull, K.R.2    Cummins, C.P.3    Tyler, S.J.4    Vickery, J.A.5
  • 43
    • 0024662206 scopus 로고
    • Estimating biological damage to lakes of the Midwestern and northeastern United States from acid rain
    • Schindler DW, Kaslan SEM, Hesslein RH. 1989. Estimating biological damage to lakes of the Midwestern and northeastern United States from acid rain. Environ Sci Technol 23:573-580.
    • (1989) Environ Sci Technol , vol.23 , pp. 573-580
    • Schindler, D.W.1    Kaslan, S.E.M.2    Hesslein, R.H.3
  • 44
    • 15544363291 scopus 로고
    • Water Management Branch, Environment and Resources Division, Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection, Victoria, BC, Canada
    • Swain LG. 1987. Second report on chemical sensitivity of B.C. lakes to acidic inputs. Water Management Branch, Environment and Resources Division, Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection, Victoria, BC, Canada.
    • (1987) Second Report on Chemical Sensitivity of B.C. Lakes to Acidic Inputs
    • Swain, L.G.1
  • 45
    • 0025921437 scopus 로고
    • Effects of acidification on the availability of toxic metals and calcium to wild birds and mammals
    • Scheuhammer AM. 1991. Effects of acidification on the availability of toxic metals and calcium to wild birds and mammals. Environ Pollut 71:329-375.
    • (1991) Environ Pollut , vol.71 , pp. 329-375
    • Scheuhammer, A.M.1
  • 46
    • 0021751249 scopus 로고
    • The health implications of increased manganese in the environment resulting from the combustion of fuel additives: A review of the literature
    • Cooper WC. 1984. The health implications of increased manganese in the environment resulting from the combustion of fuel additives: A review of the literature. J Toxicol Environ Health 14:23-46.
    • (1984) J Toxicol Environ Health , vol.14 , pp. 23-46
    • Cooper, W.C.1
  • 47
    • 0022036198 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic high-level manganese exposure on male behavior in the Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • Laskey JW, Edens FW. 1985. Effects of chronic high-level manganese exposure on male behavior in the Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Poultry Sci 64:579-584.
    • (1985) Poultry Sci , vol.64 , pp. 579-584
    • Laskey, J.W.1    Edens, F.W.2
  • 49
    • 0020056657 scopus 로고
    • Food-chain relationships of copper and cadmium in contaminated grassland ecosystems
    • Hunter BA, Johnson MS. 1982. Food-chain relationships of copper and cadmium in contaminated grassland ecosystems. Oikos 38:108-117.
    • (1982) Oikos , vol.38 , pp. 108-117
    • Hunter, B.A.1    Johnson, M.S.2
  • 50
    • 0034644215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadmium toxicity among wildlife in the Colorado Rocky Mountains
    • Larison JR, Likens GE, Fitzpatrick JW, Crock JG. 2000. Cadmium toxicity among wildlife in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Nature 406:181-183.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , pp. 181-183
    • Larison, J.R.1    Likens, G.E.2    Fitzpatrick, J.W.3    Crock, J.G.4
  • 51
    • 0018389080 scopus 로고
    • Methyl mercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks
    • Heinz GH. 1979. Methyl mercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks. J Wildl Manag 43:394-401.
    • (1979) J Wildl Manag , vol.43 , pp. 394-401
    • Heinz, G.H.1
  • 53
    • 26444595649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing mercury exposure and effects from mining in head-water streams using American Dippers
    • in press
    • Henny CJ, Kaiser JL, Packard HA, Grove RA, Taft MR. 2005. Assessing mercury exposure and effects from mining in head-water streams using American Dippers. Ecotoxicology (in press)
    • (2005) Ecotoxicology
    • Henny, C.J.1    Kaiser, J.L.2    Packard, H.A.3    Grove, R.A.4    Taft, M.R.5
  • 54
    • 0022797052 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary aluminum in combination with reduced calcium and phosphorus on the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria)
    • Carriere D, Fischer K, Peakall D, Angehrn P. 1986. Effects of dietary aluminum in combination with reduced calcium and phosphorus on the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria). Water Air Soil Pollut 30:757-764.
    • (1986) Water Air Soil Pollut , vol.30 , pp. 757-764
    • Carriere, D.1    Fischer, K.2    Peakall, D.3    Angehrn, P.4
  • 55
    • 15544364974 scopus 로고
    • Pesticide-wildlife studies, 1963: A review of Fish and Wildlife Service investigations during the calendar year
    • Washington, DC
    • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1964. Pesticide-wildlife studies, 1963: a review of Fish and Wildlife Service investigations during the calendar year. FWS Circular 199. Washington, DC.
    • (1964) FWS Circular 199
  • 56
    • 15544362802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1969. Bureau of sport fisheries and wildlife. Publication 74, Washington, DC. pp 56-57
    • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1969. Bureau of sport fisheries and wildlife. Publication 74, Washington, DC. pp 56-57.
  • 57
    • 0018167368 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks
    • White DH, Finley MT. 1978. Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks. Environ Res 17:53-59.
    • (1978) Environ Res , vol.17 , pp. 53-59
    • White, D.H.1    Finley, M.T.2
  • 59
    • 0017181855 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary lead on reproductive performance in Japanese Quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica
    • Edens F, Benton WE, Bursian SJ, Morgan GW. 1976. Effect of dietary lead on reproductive performance in Japanese Quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 38:307-314.
    • (1976) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.38 , pp. 307-314
    • Edens, F.1    Benton, W.E.2    Bursian, S.J.3    Morgan, G.W.4
  • 60
    • 0021320814 scopus 로고
    • Eggshell thickness and reproduction in American kestrels exposed to chronic dietary lead
    • Pattee OH. 1984. Eggshell thickness and reproduction in American kestrels exposed to chronic dietary lead. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 13:29-34.
    • (1984) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.13 , pp. 29-34
    • Pattee, O.H.1
  • 61
    • 0016979289 scopus 로고
    • Sexual maturation and productivity of Japanese Quail fed graded concentrations of mercuric chloride
    • Hill EF, Schaffner CS. 1976. Sexual maturation and productivity of Japanese Quail fed graded concentrations of mercuric chloride. Poult Sci 55:1449-1459.
    • (1976) Poult Sci , vol.55 , pp. 1449-1459
    • Hill, E.F.1    Schaffner, C.S.2
  • 63
    • 0024570796 scopus 로고
    • Impaired reproduction of mallards fed an organic form of selenium
    • Heinz GH, Hoffman DJ, Gold LG. 1989. Impaired reproduction of mallards fed an organic form of selenium. J Wildl Manag 53:418-428.
    • (1989) J Wildl Manag , vol.53 , pp. 418-428
    • Heinz, G.H.1    Hoffman, D.J.2    Gold, L.G.3
  • 64
    • 0029663423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproduction in eastern screech-owls fed selenium
    • Wiemeyer SN, Hoffman DJ. 1996. Reproduction in eastern screech-owls fed selenium. J Wildl Manag 60:332-341.
    • (1996) J Wildl Manag , vol.60 , pp. 332-341
    • Wiemeyer, S.N.1    Hoffman, D.J.2
  • 66
    • 0025380138 scopus 로고
    • Breeding-hen and progeny performance when hens are fed excessive dietary zinc
    • Stahl JL, Greger JL, Cook ME. 1990. Breeding-hen and progeny performance when hens are fed excessive dietary zinc. Poult Sci 69:259-263.
    • (1990) Poult Sci , vol.69 , pp. 259-263
    • Stahl, J.L.1    Greger, J.L.2    Cook, M.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.